Representing Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-143
Author(s):  
Peter van Elswyk
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Declarative Sentence ◽  
Knowing That

A speaker's use of a declarative sentence in a context has two effects: it expresses a proposition and represents the speaker as knowing that proposition. This article is about how to explain the second effect. The standard explanation is act-based. A speaker is represented as knowing because their use of a declarative in a context tokens the act-type of assertion and assertions represent knowledge in what's asserted. In this article, a semantic explanation is proposed according to which declaratives covertly host a know-parenthetical. A speaker is thereby represented as knowing the proposition expressed because that is the semantic contribution of the parenthetical. This view is called PARENTHETICALISM. The article contends that parentheticalism better explains knowledge representation than alternatives. As a consequence of outperforming assertoric explanations, parentheticalism opens the door to altogether eliminating the act-type of assertion from linguistic theorizing.

scholarly journals Radical Empiricism, Empirical Modelling and the nature of knowing

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meurig Beynon
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
William James ◽  
Radical Empiricism ◽  
Empirical Modelling ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Computer Based

This paper explores connections between Radical Empiricism (RE), a philosophic attitude developed by William James at the beginning of the 20th century, and Empirical Modelling (EM), an approach to computer-based modelling that has been developed by the author and his collaborators over a number of years. It focuses in particular on how both RE and EM promote a perspective on the nature of knowing that is radically different from that typically invoked in contemporary approaches to knowledge representation in computing. This is illustrated in detail with reference to the modelling of several scenarios of lift use. Some potential implications for knowledge management are briefly reviewed.

Towards the Use of a Tree Branching Logic in the Environment of a Hospital Information System

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
J.-Ph. Berney ◽  
R. Baud ◽  
J.-R. Scherrer
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Frame Selection ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Medical Language ◽  
Selection Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Man Machine Dialogue ◽  
Oriented System

It is well known that Frame Selection Systems (FFS) have proved both popular and effective in physician-machine and patient-machine dialogue. A formal algorithm for definition of a Frame Selection System for handling man-machine dialogue is presented here. Besides, it is shown how the natural medical language can be handled using the approach of a tree branching logic. This logic appears to be based upon ordered series of selections which enclose a syntactic structure. The external specifications are discussed with regard to convenience and efficiency. Knowing that all communication between the user and the application programmes is handled only by FSS software, FSS contributes to achieving modularity and, therefore, also maintainability in a transaction-oriented system with a large data base and concurrent accesses.

Development of Physics Game Learning Based on Android in The Chapter of Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
P Purwandari ◽  
Andista Candra Yusro ◽  
Endah Dwi Styani
Keyword(s):  
Vocational School ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Industrial Chemistry ◽  
Physics Learning ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
The Media

This research is a research development which aims to 1) Develop a Physics game learning based on Android that is feasible to be used as a learning media on physics subjects. 2) Knowing students' responses to physics game learning based on Android as learning media 3) Knowing that physics game learning based on Android as learning media can improve students' ability to analyze in the chapter of momentum, impulse, and collision. This research uses the ADDIE development model. This research has been tested by 3 media experts and 3 material experts with the results of the assessment stating that the media is feasible to be used as a medium for physics learning. The subjects of this research were 11 students in class X of Industrial Chemistry at the Vocational School of Gula Rajawali Madiun. The results of this research development indicate that: 1) media physics game learning based on android meets the feasibility standard to be used as a learning medium on physics subjects. 2) The learning media of Physics game learning based on Android gets a very good response from students. 3) Physics game learning based on Android as learning media can improve students' analytical skills in the chapter of momentum, impulses, and collisions with an average N-Gain of 0.54 which is in the medium category. 

MODIFIED LAMINOPLASTY AFTER EXCISION OF CERVICAL SCHWANNOMA WITH LARGE EXTRAVERTEBRAL EXTENSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faris ◽  
Abdul Hafid Bajamal ◽  
Zaky Bajamal ◽  
Krisna Tsaniadi Prihastomo
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Anteroposterior Diameter ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary Tumour

Tumour excision and laminoplasty are commonly performed as surgical treatment of extra vertebral extension of cervical schwannoma. It is worth knowing that the conventional technique of multilevel laminectomy may hinder younger patients in the long-term. This article reports a 30-year old man with an intradural-extramedullary tumour which extended from C4 to T1 that underwent modified laminoplasty.  This modified technique is preferable in maintaining the anteroposterior diameter of spinal canal as well as reducing the displacement of guttered laminae

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