Emx2regulates the proliferation of stem cells of the adult mammalian central nervous system

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 1633-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Galli ◽  
Roberta Fiocco ◽  
Lidia De Filippis ◽  
Luca Muzio ◽  
Angela Gritti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Homeobox Transcription Factor ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The appropriate control of proliferation of neural precursors has fundamental implications for the development of the central nervous system and for cell homeostasis/replacement within specific brain regions throughout adulthood. The role of genetic determinants in this process is largely unknown.We report the expression of the homeobox transcription factor Emx2 within the periventricular region of the adult telencephalon. This neurogenetic area displays a large number of multipotent stem cells. Adult neural stem cells isolated from this region do express Emx2 and down-regulate it significantly upon differentiation into neurons and glia. Abolishing or, increasing Emx2 expression in adult neural stem cells greatly enhances or reduces their rate of proliferation, respectively. We determined that altering the expression of Emx2 affects neither the cell cycle length of adult neural stem cells nor their ability to generate neurons and glia. Rather, when Emx2 expression is abolished, the frequency of symmetric divisions that generate two stem cells increases, whereas it decreases when Emx2 expression is enhanced.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous fate choice of genetically modulated adult neural stem cells in gray and white matter of the central nervous system

Glia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Beyer ◽  
Janusz Jadasz ◽  
Iria Samper Agrelo ◽  
Jessica Schira‐Heinen ◽  
Janos Groh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Neural Stem Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neural Stem Cells to Glial Cells an Important Factor for Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithiv K R Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Near Future

Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into any type of cell or organ. Stems cell originate from any part of the body, including the brain. Brain cells or rather neural stem cells have the capacitive advantage of differentiating into the central nervous system leading to the formation of neurons and glial cells. Neural stem cells should have a source by editing DNA, or by mixings chemical enzymes of iPSCs. By this method, a limitless number of neuron stem cells can be obtained. Increase in supply of NSCs help in repairing glial cells which in-turn heal the central nervous system. Generally, brain injuries cause motor and sensory deficits leading to stroke. With all trials from novel therapeutic methods to enhanced rehabilitation time, the economy and quality of life is suppressed. Only PSCs have proven effective for grafting cells into NSCs. Neurons derived from stem cells is the only challenge that limits in-vitro usage in the near future.

scholarly journals MicroRNA Signature in Human Normal and Tumoral Neural Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana ◽  
Gaido ◽  
Murtas
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Mature Mirnas ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Cellular Context ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Insight Into

MicroRNAs, also called miRNAs or simply miR-, represent a unique class of non-coding RNAs that have gained exponential interest during recent years because of their determinant involvement in regulating the expression of several genes. Despite the increasing number of mature miRNAs recognized in the human species, only a limited proportion is engaged in the ontogeny of the central nervous system (CNS). miRNAs also play a pivotal role during the transition of normal neural stem cells (NSCs) into tumor-forming NSCs. More specifically, extensive studies have identified some shared miRNAs between NSCs and neural cancer stem cells (CSCs), namely miR-7, -124, -125, -181 and miR-9, -10, -130. In the context of NSCs, miRNAs are intercalated from embryonic stages throughout the differentiation pathway in order to achieve mature neuronal lineages. Within CSCs, under a different cellular context, miRNAs perform tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions that govern the homeostasis of brain tumors. This review will draw attention to the most characterizing studies dealing with miRNAs engaged in neurogenesis and in the tumoral neural stem cell context, offering the reader insight into the power of next generation miRNA-targeted therapies against brain malignances.

scholarly journals Integration and Long Distance Axonal Regeneration in the Central Nervous System from Transplanted Primitive Neural Stem Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiagang Zhao ◽  
Woong Sun ◽  
Hyo Min Cho ◽  
Hong Ouyang ◽  
Wenlin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Differentiated human neural stem cells: a new ex vivo model to study HHV-6 infection of the central nervous system

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S27-S32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia De Filippis ◽  
Chiara Foglieni ◽  
Sara Silva ◽  
Angelo Vescovi ◽  
Paolo Lusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System
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