An analysis of in vivo cell migration during teleost fin morphogenesis

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-222
Author(s):  
A. Wood ◽  
P. Thorogood
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Time Lapse Video

In the teleost embryo the pectoral fin bud initially displays an apical ectodermal ridge along its entire distal margin. The ridge subsequently becomes transformed into an apical fold as the distal ectodermal epithelium grows and folds to enclose an extracellular space between the apposed basal surfaces of the epithelium. Collagen fibrils up to 2 micron in diameter, termed ‘actinotrichia’, are deposited along the proximo-distal axis in two (dorsal and ventral) arrays. The actinotrichia are aligned parallel to one another with a regular spacing along the greater part of their length. Mesenchymal cells migrating distally from the base of the fin bud encounter the dorsal and ventral arrays of actinotrichia and move between them apparently using the fibrils as a substratum. The entire structure is transparent and, using the killifish Aphyosemion scheeli, we have investigated the migration of the mesenchymal cells between 135 and 220 h of development, using Nomarski interference contrast microscopy and time-lapse video recording. The number of cellular processes per cell increased significantly during the period of observation. These processes could be graded according to their diameters. Processes of diameter greater than 2 micron were not usually aligned along actinotrichia and arose at any aspect of the cell body. In contrast, processes with diameters less than 2 micron appeared to be confined to the distal aspects of the migrating cells and showed an increasing tendency to become aligned as development progressed. Time-lapse video recordings revealed that such aligned processes move faster (mean speed 17.98 (+/− 2.25) micron/h) than non-aligned processes (mean speed 4.66 (+/− 0.67) micron/h). Whole cell translocation was generally slower than rates of process movement: the lowest mean value (1.52(+/− 0.36) micron/h) was recorded between 135 and 160 h of development rising to a maximum mean rate (4.72(+/− 0.42) micron/h) between 195 and 220 h; the period of the fastest rate of cell translocation correlated with maximum process alignment along actinotrichia. Thin 1 micron plastic sections revealed that, generally, aligned processes were in close association with the surface of the actinotrichial fibrils and not the spaces between them.

Collecting Vehicle-Speed Data by Using Time-Lapse Video Recording Equipment

2003 ◽  
Vol 1855 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Strong ◽  
Scott Lowry ◽  
Peter McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Recording Equipment ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Camera Location ◽  
Message Signs ◽  
Time Lapse Video

An innovative application of time-lapse video recording is used to assist in an evaluation of a highway safety improvement. The improvement is an icy-curve warning system near Fredonyer Summit in northern California that activates real-time motorist warnings via extinguishable message signs, based on weather readings collected from road weather information systems. A measure of effectiveness is whether motorist speed is reduced as a result of real-time warnings to drivers. Why indirect speed measurement with video was preferred over radar for this case is discussed, as is how specific methodological issues related to the custom-built equipment, including camera location and orientation, distance benchmarking, and data collection and reduction. Theoretical and empirical accuracy measurements show that the video surveillance trailers yield results comparable to radar and, hence, would be applicable for studies in which speed change is measured. Because this particular technology had not been used previously, several lessons are documented that may help determine where and how similar equipment may be optimally used in future studies.

scholarly journals Individual cell motility studied by time-lapse video recording: Influence of experimental conditions

Cytometry ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen ◽  
Peter S. Walmod ◽  
Anton Berezin ◽  
Vladimir Berezin ◽  
Elisabeth Bock
Keyword(s):  
Cell Motility ◽  
Individual Cell ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Time Lapse Video

Developmental kinetics of in vitro produced bovine embryos: the effect of sex, glucose and exposure to time-lapse environment

Zygote ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peippo ◽  
M. Kurkilahti ◽  
P. Bredbacka
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Time Lapse Video

In this study, a simple time-lapse video recording system was used to compare developmental kinetics of female and male bovine embryos produced in vitro. Following embryo sex determination, the timing of each cleavage up to the 4-cell stage was compared between the sexes from the videotapes after culture in the presence and absence of glucose. In the second experiment, the consequences of exposure to a time-lapse video recording (TL) environment were studied by culturing embryos further until day 7 in an incubator, followed by collection and sex determination of morulae and blastocysts. In the absence of glucose, female embryos cleaved earlier than male ones. In the presence of glucose, however, male embryos cleaved earlier than female ones. There was no difference in the number of morulae/blastocysts in the absence of glucose, but in the presence of glucose more male than female embryos reached the morula and blastocyst stage. Exposure to the TL environment itself also had a sex-related effect, being more detrimental to male than female embryos. The difference in the number of functional X chromosomes between the sexes during early preimplantation development could explain these findings. In females, an increased capacity for oxygen radical detoxification through the pentose phosphate pathway could result in a reduced cleavage rate. Furthermore, glucose may influence the expression of enzymes located on the X chromosome. According to these results, a simple time-lapse video recording system is suitable for investigating embryo developmental kinetics and perhaps for the selection of embryos with the greatest developmental potential.

An all-weather time-lapse video recording station

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Chezar ◽  
J.E. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Recording Station ◽  
Time Lapse Video

Effective targeted antitumor activity of the antimicrobial agent taurolidine against relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma: Cytotoxicity, target modulation and tumor xenograft studies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21502-e21502
Author(s):  
Lucy Swift ◽  
Chunfen Zhang ◽  
Antony Pfaffle ◽  
Paul Chew ◽  
Olga Kovalchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Early Phase Clinical Trial ◽  
Phase Clinical Trial ◽  
Time Lapse Video

e21502 Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor and one of the most complex and difficult to treat diseases in pediatrics. Currently, even with highly aggressive treatment protocols, the prognosis for patients with high-risk and relapsed NB remains poor. Hence, there is a clear need to identify new agents and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these children. Taurolidine (TRD) is derived from the aminosulfoacid taurine and has known anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. TRD has demonstrated anti-neoplastic activity against a range of aggressive human tumors. We present mechanistic evidence and supportive preclinical data from in vitro and animal models of refractory NB for the development of an early phase clinical trial incorporating TRD. Methods: For in vitro activity studies, a panel of cell lines derived from patients with relapsed NB (n = 6) and normal control cells were treated with increasing concentrations of TRD and cell viability was measured by alamar blue assay. Phase-contrast light microscopy, western blotting, time-lapse video microscopy and analysis of global gene expression by RNA-Seq were used to evaluate target modulation and induction of cell death pathways. Bioluminescence imaging of mice bearing NB xenografts treated with TRD was used to investigate the efficacy of TRD in vivo. Results: Cell survival data showed that TRD is cytotoxic against NB cell lines in vitro (mean IC50 value 100 µM, range 65-135 µM). Phase-contrast and time-lapse video microscopy confirmed the antitumor effects of TRD. Western blot analyses identified that TRD induced target modulation and an effective apoptotic cascade, resulting in PARP cleavage. Gene expression analyses and signaling pathway activation scores indicated alterations in the Notch, MAPK and IL-10 signaling pathways. Xenograft studies further validated the in vivo activity of TRD with decreased tumor burden in treated mice and a measurable improvement in survival. Conclusions: Our study provides key pre-clinical data on the activity and mechanism of action of TRD against NB. The findings support the rationale for further evaluation of TRD for the treatment of relapsed/refractory NB patients in an early phase clinical trial.

Rodent CNS neuroblasts exhibit both perpendicular and parallel contact guidance on the aligned parallel neurite bundle

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-590
Author(s):  
I. Nagata ◽  
N. Nakatsuji
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cells ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Contact Guidance ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Cerebellar Granule ◽  
Neurite Bundle ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Time Lapse Video

Mouse cerebellar granule cells showed two types of migration behavior in microexplant cultures. They first migrated along their neurites, showing the typical contact guidance, and then oriented themselves at right angles to the parallel neurites, thus exhibiting the ‘perpendicular contact guidance’ (Nakatsuji, N. and Nagata, I. 1989 Development, 106, 441–447). To study whether other neurons have the capacity to show similar ‘perpendicular contact guidance’, we cultured dissociated neuroblasts from various parts of CNS or PNS on parallel neurite bundles. The PNS neuroblasts always extended their processes parallel to the neurite bundle. In contrast, almost all kinds of CNS neuroblasts tested oriented their processes both perpendicular and parallel to the neurite bundles that were all free of glia. Time-lapse video recording revealed that neuroblasts migrated in both directions. Thus, CNS neuroblasts possess the capacity to migrate and extend their processes at right angles to the substratum of heterotypic neurite bundles, which may play an important role in histogenesis of the CNS during development.

scholarly journals Caenorhabditis elegans spermatozoan locomotion: amoeboid movement with almost no actin.

1982 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Nelson ◽  
T M Roberts ◽  
S Ward
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Nonmuscle Cell ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Normal Site ◽  
Time Lapse Video

The pseudopods of Caenorhabditis elegans spermatozoa move actively causing some cells to translocate when the sperm are dissected into a low osmotic strength buffered salts solution. On time-lapse video tapes, pseudopodial projections can be seen moving at 20-45 micrometers/min from the tip to the base of the pseudopod. This movement occurs whether or not the cell is attached to a substrate. Translocation of the cell is dependent on the substrate. Some spermatozoa translocate on acid-washed glass, but a better substrate is prepared by drying an extract of Ascaris uteri (the normal site of nematode sperm motility) onto glass slides. On this substrate more than half the spermatozoa translocate at a velocity (21 micrometers/min) similar to that observed in vivo. Translocating cells attach to the substrate by their pseudopodial projections. They always move toward the pseudopod; changes in direction are caused by changes in pseudopod shape that determine points of detachment and reattachment of the cell to the substrate. Actin comprises less than 0.02% of the proteins in sperm, and myosin is undetectable. No microfilaments are found in the sperm. Immunohistochemistry shows that some actin is localized in patches in the pseudopod. The movement of spermatozoa is unaffected by cytochalasins, however, so there is no evidence that actin participates in locomotion. Fertilization-defective mutants in genes fer-2, fer-4, and fer-6 produce spermatozoa with defective pseudopodial projections, and these spermatozoa are largely immotile. Mutants in the spermatozoa do not translocate. Thus pseudopod movement is correlated with the presence of normal projections. Twelve mutants with defective muscles have spermatozoa with normal movement, so these genes do not specify products needed for both muscle and nonmuscle cell motility.

The Use of Time Lapse Video Recording of Sleep-Wake Behavior in Human Infants

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Anders ◽  
Anita Miller Sostek
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Time Lapse Video
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