scholarly journals Glottal opening and closing events investigated by electroglottography and super-high-speed video recordings

2014 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Herbst ◽  
J. Lohscheller ◽  
J. G.  vec ◽  
N. Henrich ◽  
G. Weissengruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Opening And Closing

Water skating in the larvae of dixella aestivalis (Diptera) and hydrobius fuscipes (Coleoptera)

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-853
Author(s):  
J. Brackenbury
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Adhesive Organ ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Air Water Interface

The kinematics of locomotion was investigated in the aquatic larvae of Dixella aestivalis and Hydrobius fuscipes with the aid of high-speed video recordings. Both insects are able to skate on the surface of the water using the dorso-apical tracheal gill as an adhesive organ or ‘foot’. Progress relies on the variable adhesion of the foot between ‘slide’ and ‘hold’ periods of the locomotory cycle. The flexural body movements underlying skating in D. aestivalis can be derived directly from the figure-of-eight swimming mechanism used in underwater swimming. The latter is shown to be similar to figure-of-eight swimming in chironomid larvae. This study shows how the deployment of a ‘foot’ enables simple side-to-side flexural movements of the body to be converted into effective locomotion at the air-water interface.

Calibration of Stopwatches by Utilizing High Speed Video Recordings and a Synchronous Counter

NCSLI Measure ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Tsui ◽  
Y. K. Yan ◽  
H. M. Chan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings

scholarly journals Debunking the viper's strike: harmless snakes kill a common assumption

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 20160011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Penning ◽  
Baxter Sawvel ◽  
Brad R. Moon
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
The Past ◽  
Venomous Snakes ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Very High

To survive, organisms must avoid predation and acquire nutrients and energy. Sensory systems must correctly differentiate between potential predators and prey, and elicit behaviours that adjust distances accordingly. For snakes, strikes can serve both purposes. Vipers are thought to have the fastest strikes among snakes. However, strike performance has been measured in very few species, especially non-vipers. We measured defensive strike performance in harmless Texas ratsnakes and two species of vipers, western cottonmouths and western diamond-backed rattlesnakes, using high-speed video recordings. We show that ratsnake strike performance matches or exceeds that of vipers. In contrast with the literature over the past century, vipers do not represent the pinnacle of strike performance in snakes. Both harmless and venomous snakes can strike with very high accelerations that have two key consequences: the accelerations exceed values that can cause loss of consciousness in other animals, such as the accelerations experienced by jet pilots during extreme manoeuvres, and they make the strikes faster than the sensory and motor responses of mammalian prey and predators. Both harmless and venomous snakes can strike faster than the blink of an eye and often reach a target before it can move.

Terrestrial locomotion in the black-billed magpie: kinematic analysis of walking, running and out-of-phase hopping

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (14) ◽  
pp. 2159-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Verstappen ◽  
P. Aerts ◽  
R. Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Pica Pica ◽  
Terrestrial Locomotion ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Flexion Extension

The inter-limb kinematic patterns of walking, running and out-of-phase hopping in black-billed magpies (Pica pica) were studied using high-speed video recordings. The flexion/extension patterns of the joints were similar between the gait types, suggesting that the within-leg control of the angular excursions is similar. This result is further supported by the fact that running and hopping are alternative gaits at speeds higher than walking; however, magpies show a preference for hopping. Moreover, only small differences occur between the kinematic patterns of the two limbs during out-of-phase hopping, during which the legs are believed to have different functions. The hindlimb kinematic patterns of magpies are like those of other flying and more terrestrial bird species; however, striking differences are found in comparison with humans at the level of the internal angles. This is probably due to the differences in the morphology and configuration of their legs.

EXPLORATORY STUDY ON AIRBAG SUITABILITY FOR LOW ENGINE CAPACITY MOTORCYCLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin ◽  
Mohd Syazwan Solah ◽  
Azhar Hamzah ◽  
Mohd Hafzi Md Isa ◽  
Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Engine Capacity

Motorcyclist constituted more than 50% of road deaths in Malaysia. Statistics showed that most fatal motorcyclist crashes involved passenger cars: with sideswipe or side impact reported to be the most frequent crash configurations. Many related studies have been performed to completely understand such motorcycle crashes which resulted in many safety inventions. These include installation of airbag onto motorcycle to study its effectiveness in potentially reducing motorcyclist’s injury. However, previous related studies known mainly dealt airbag’s effectiveness for large cc motorcycles. Hence, an exploratory study was conducted to study airbag’s suitability in mitigating rider’s injury during collision for motorcycle with low engine capacity (cc). Two different full-scale crash tests of motorcycle (with and without mounted airbag) side-impacting passenger car were conducted in accordance to ISO 13232. The test results in terms of high-speed video recordings (crash kinematics), motorcycle damage profiles and dummy injuries were analysed and discussed. It could be suggested from the results obtained that an airbag system for low cc motorcycle is feasible and further study is needed for better airbag concept and design which could reduce motorcyclist injury during collision.

Symbiotic interactions between ciliates (Ciliophora) and diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gomez
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Morphological Adaptations ◽  
Obligate Mutualism ◽  
Vorticella Oceanica ◽  
Tropical Sea

Introduction: Diatoms and ciliates are important components of the marine plankton community, and some species are able to develop symbiotic associations in the tropical seas. Objective: To describe the nature of the symbioses, the morphological adaptations of the members, and the possible ecological advantages of the symbiotic life versus the free-living forms. Methods: Plankton samples were collected from Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas, and the South Atlantic Ocean. Consortia were examined during laboratory incubations, including studies of the motility and the feeding currents by high-speed video recordings, and culture tests of the species as symbiotic or free-living forms. Results: The consortia of the diatoms Chaetoceros dadayi and C. tetrastichon with the tintinnid Eutintinnus spp., and C. coarctatus with the peritrich ciliate Vorticella oceanica are examples of an obligate mutualism. The cultures of the host diatoms as free-living organism were unsuccessful. The consortia between Eutintinnus lususundae and the diatoms Chaetoceros peruvianus, Hemiaulus hauckii, H. membranaceus, and Thalassionema sp. are facultative symbioses. These are examples of three or four partner consortia because Hemiaulus spp. is the host of the diazotrophic cyanobacteria Richelia intracellularis. Other example of facultative three partner consortium is the peritrich ciliate Zoothamnium pelagicum with an ectobiont bacteria, and the diatom Licmophora sp. The barrel-shaped chains of the diatom Fragilariopsis dolious encircled the lorica of Salpingella spp., while these chains were almost flat in the free-living stage. The peritrich ciliate Pseudovorticella coscinodisci lives on large pelagic diatoms such as Coscinodiscus and Palmerina. These symbioses are facultative for the diatoms, but they extended their survival under unfavorable conditions. High-speed video recordings of the consortium of Vorticella oceanica and Chaetoceros coarctatus revealed that during the stalk contraction the zooid of reached 5 400 body length s-1, being the fastest organism with respect to its size. The consortia of Chaetoceros densus and an undescribed species of Vorticella is re-discovered. Conclusions: These symbioses have allowed that the sessile peritric ciliates colonize the pelagic environment and the proliferation of diatoms with a polar origin in the tropical sea.

The Effect of Scale and Working Fluid on Sweeping Jet Frequency and Oscillation Angle

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Bohan ◽  
Marc D. Polanka
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Mass Flowrate ◽  
Parameters Of Interest

Abstract This study was conducted to quantify in a controlled manner the effect of oscillator scale and working fluid on oscillator performance. The performance parameters of interest include the oscillation frequency and oscillation spread angle. Three scale models were manufactured with model attributes identical except for scale with models at two times and three times a baseline scale. Four working fluids were tested including helium, ethylene, carbon dioxide, and propane to generate a range of densities and viscosities. The frequency and oscillation angle measurements were obtained using high-speed video recordings of visible schlieren imagery. Trends in frequency were observed and quantified for each oscillator scale and working gas as a function of mass flowrate. This paper shows that these values could all be nondimensionalized with the data collapsing to a single Strouhal number between 0.015 and 0.018 depending on surface roughness, independent of the Reynolds number. This result expands on the authors' previously published work and confirms the previous finding that reveals the geometry and fluid properties also scale and collapse.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document