Design and performance testing of areca nut thresher machine using solid triangle spike tooth type

Technology for handling agricultural products from areca nut has received less attention. However, the economic potential of the areca nut is comparable to that of other palm trees. Threshing areca nut from the bunch is one of the procedures that must be completed to obtain high-quality betel nut. Therefore, this research aims to design and test an areca nut threshing machine that uses a solid triangle spike-type threshing tooth. This study uses an experimental manufacturing method in the workshop and laboratory testing. A detailed engineering drawing of areca nut thresher machine is a guide in carrying out the manufacturer. The influence of rotational speed on the threshing shaft (34 rpm, 42 rpm, and 50 rpm) was investigated to determine the machinery’s performance (percentage of threshing results, engine capacity, and fuel consumption). This study indicates that the areca thresher machine has been successfully designed with a diesel motor driving source of 6.5 hp, 2200 rpm. Applied a rotational speed of 50 rpm will give the best percentage of threshing products. The increase in rotational speed applied to the threshing machine will be in line with the rise in the engine capacity. In addition, the fuel consumption of a diesel engine from this thresher machine is 0.039 l/hr.

THE COMPARISON OF VIKOR AND MAUT METHODS IN THE SELECTION OF USED CARS

A used car is a car that has been used by other people. Choosing a used car according to the needs of the buyer is very much a consideration. Used car buyers, of course, make their choices based on several criteria. The criteria for choosing a used car include transmission, price, passenger capacity, luggage capacity, year of manufacture, color, and engine capacity. These criteria are the buyer's consideration in choosing a used car because it is not easy for those who do not understand the criteria for choosing a used car. A decision Support System is a solution in choosing a used car according to buyer needs. Decision Support Systems have many methods, and the methods used in this study are the VIKOR and MAUT methods. Problems can be solved by using a weighting ranking system. So that buyers can choose a used car based on recommendations from the Decision Support System. This research is expected to help prospective buyers in choosing a used car according to their desired needs.

Car reliability analysis based on periodic technical tests

This article presents the results of the analysis of data from 500 vehicle control stations concerning periodic tests of passenger cars in the number of 2 million. Based on the collected data, a database of vehicles has been prepared to cover technical information, such as model, mass, engine capacity and maximum power. This information has been summarized with the exploitation data such as age of the car, distance traveled, the area in which the vehicle was most frequently used, the use for business or private purposes, and intensity of operation that was measured by the ratio of kilometers traveled to the age of the car. This information constituted a set of factors affecting the reliability of the car. Information about reliability itself was the results of control tests, including occurring defects and their significance. The occurring defects were codified, which allowed their allocation to particular categories describing car systems, such as steering, braking and driving. While the significance of the fault resulted from the test result: positive (minor defects) or negative (important defects). This article presents a factor and the correlation analysis of the database, which assesses which construction and operating factors have a significant impact on damages occurring in individual car systems.

Assessment of Motorcycle Noise Exposure Levels (LAeq, dBA) at Various Noise Standards and Speeds

Motorcyclists (n=26) average noise exposure levels (LAeq) were found substantially different for OSHA-HC (85 dBA), OSHA-PEL (78 dBA) and ACGIH/NIOSH (87 dBA) noise standards. A significant difference in LAeq, (p=.027) and engine capacity usage (p=.045) was found amongst gender. However, no observable association was found between the LAeq and motorcycle engine capacity (p= .462) and completion of a ride (p= .695). Thus, female riders were inclined to use lower motorcycle capacities, rode at lower speeds which resulted in lower noise exposure levels, in concurrence with longer ride durations. Overall, motorcyclists’ noise exposure level functions with the increasing speed (80km/h: 88 dBA). Keywords: Motorcycle noise; Dosimeter; Speed; Noise standards eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2455.

Fuel Efficiency Vehicle Adoption and Carbon Emissions in a Country Context

The paper aimed at establishing the relationship between age, engine capacity, fuel type and fuel efficiency and carbon emissions. The relationship was obtained using panel data on newly imported registered vehicle stock obtained from Uganda Revenue Authority. This involved collecting data on imported vehicle inventory into Uganda for the period from 2013 to 2017 which was later analysed using the stata software. The findings indicated a positive relationship between a vehicles age, engine capacity, vehicle category (Light Duty Vehicles, Medium Duty Vehicles and Heavy Duty Vehicles) and fuel efficiency and carbon emissions. A comparison with the global fuel efficiency targets indicated that more fuel was being consumed in Uganda compared to non-OECD countries. A reduction in fuel consumption and emissions was observed in petrol vehicles while diesel vehicles had increased carbon emissions and fuel consumptions due to an increase in engine capacities. The findings imply that government should develop policy options that promote vehicle fuel efficiency, transport system operators may undergo training in fuel efficiency issues that will result in an attitudinal change while academicians need to carry out more research comparing the effect of transport systems operators ages, level education and income on carbon emissions and fuel efficiency. The majority of research on fuel efficiency and carbon emissions uses survey data rather than panel data. Further, previous research is focused on vehicles that are already on the road rather than focusing on the effect of age, engine capacity, fuel type on fuel efficiency and carbon emissions.

Uji Mesin Crusher Brondolan Sawit dengan Mata Potong Circular Saw Standar

Palm brondolan are the outer fruit of the loose bunches and fall to the ground. Palm brondolan is used as a feed ingredient. Processing of palm brondolan for feed ingredients needs to be done by the process of damaging the material structure. This study aims to determine the quality of palm brondolan crusher using standard cutting eyes and determine the right shaft. In this study the crusher machine was designed using 13 circular cutting eyes to see the standard  4 x 1.75 mm, the number of teeth 40 pieces and the distance between cutting eyes 5 mm. This machine uses a source of driving power in the form of a 3 phase electric motor with 3 HP power and has a rotating speed of 1420 rpm and a rotation ratio of 1: 1 shaft. This study uses the experimental method, by comparing the shaft test with the quality of the palm blended crusher. The quality characteristics that are addressed are the smaller the better. The results of the study, obtained an effective engine capacity of 30 kg/hour. The quality of the crusher at 700 rpm shaft speed accelerated the size of coir length from 1 to 30 mm and the volume of shell and seed granules 8-27 mm3 while in shaft rotation 1420 rpm the size of 1-20 mm coir and the volume of grain and seeds 4-12 mm3 were obtained. From the results of the experiment proving that circular cutting eyes see the standard capable of destroying palm leaflets and shaft rotation affect the quality of the crusher. The 1420 rpm shaft rotation has a better crusher quality compared to 700 rpm shaft rotation.

Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengiris Singkong

The design of the cassava slicer machine has a capacity of 38 kg / hour, this machine is designed to design a cassava slicing machine that has high usability, achieving the required motor power so that the desired engine capacity can be achieved, able to determine the exact method of slicing cassava . The working principle of Cassava Slicing Machine is to work when the electric motor is turned on, then the motor will rotate then the motor rotation is transmitted to the pulley, moving the slicing knife by 0.03653 N / mm2. After the shaft rotates, the disc where the blade will rotate and the cassava is ready for slices and the results of the cassava slices will come out through the output funnel. Cassava slicing machine using 1/2 HP motor with 1400 rpm rotation as its driver, and Framework with L St.37 profile material, type A belt, bearing with UCP205-16 type

Rancang Bangun SSPD (The System of Solar-Powered Drier) untuk Peningkatan Produksi Usaha Ikan Asin Kerupuk Desa Kuala Geulumpang

This service activity aims to design fish dryers to help with the problems of the drying process in the rain, packaging repairs, and market expansion. This activity is conducted from September to October 2018 in collaboration with Ratama KUB. The results achieved were the design of a device called The Solar Powered Drier System, which has a capacity of 216 liters and a temperature of 50-70 degrees Celsius, and a market network has built with Arsala department store. Activities. The existence of SSPD equipment for cracker salted fish drying machines, does not provide a significant increase in production because the engine capacity is tiny. Packaging repairs can improve marketing in the surrounding area, namely East Aceh and the city of Langsa.

Model of energy assessment of the rationality of combining up of forestry machines

Выбор наилучшего варианта машинно-тракторного агрегата (МТА) обычно выполняют с помощью тягового коэффициента полезного действия трактора ηт или коэффициента полезного действия агрегата ηа. Применение данных показателей при составлении агрегатов не совсем удачно. С помощью ηт можно дать энергетическую оценку только базовому трактору, но не агрегату в целом, так как он вскрывает полезную долю мощности не на рабочем органе агрегатируемого орудия, а на крюке трактора. Мощность, подводимая к рабочему органу орудия, учитывает ηа, но нет надежного метода ее измерения. Однако главным недостатком данных показателей является то, что они не отражают очень важную сторону явления – какое количество технологической работы можно создать на полезно затрачиваемую энергию. Для оценки рациональности составления машинно-тракторных агрегатов при выполнении лесохозяйственных работ предлагается использовать комплексный показатель «удельная энергопроизводительность», представляющий собой отношение технической производительности к используемой мощности двигателя базового трактора. Этот показатель отражает количество выполненной технологической работы при затраченной мощности, что дает возможность оценки с энергетической точки зрения конструктивного совершенства лесохозяйственных машинно-тракторных агрегатов и их приспособляемости к выполнению соответствующей технологической операции The choice of the best version of the machine and tractor unit (MTU) is usually carried out by means of the traction efficiency (E) of the tractor ηm or unit efficiency ηа. Application of these indexes by drawing up units is not absolutely successful. With the help ηm it is possible to give a power assessment only to the basic tractor, but not the unit in general as it opens the useful share of power not on an action of the aggregated tool, and on a tractor hook. The power brought to a tool action considers ηа, but there is no reliable method of its measurement. However the main lack of these indicators is that they do not reflect very important party of the phenomenon – what number of technological work can be created on it is useful the spent energy. For assessment of rationality of drawing up machine and tractor units when performing forestry and landscape works the complex index – the specific power efficiency representing the attitude of technical efficiency towards the used engine capacity of the basic tractor is offered to use. This index reflects the number of the performed technological work at the spent power that the design perfection of forestry and landscape machine and tractor units and their adaptability to realization of the corresponding technological operation gives the chance of assessment from the power point of view.

PERFORMA MESIN MOTOR BERBAHAN BAKAR ETANOL DENGAN PERUBAHAN KAPASITAS MESIN DAN 2 BUSI

ABSTRACTPetroleum reserves are running low. To solve this problem by optimizing the use of petroleum products, used ethanol for gasoline replacement. The motor is modified so that the use of ethanol as a substitute for gasoline can be done. This study aims to see the engine performance with changes in engine capacity and the use of 2 spark plugs. This research method is to modify engine capacity from 113,7 cc to 100,45 cc and use 2 spark plugs. Performance testing of 95% ethanol fuel modification engine with Dynometer test machine, to determine power, torque and fuel consumption. Performance modification of gasoline engine and 1 spark plug is also tested, then compared. The results showed that the power in the engine capacity of 100.45 cc with ethanol fuel 95% smaller 7.3% compared to the power on the engine capacity of 100.45 cc with fuel pertalite. Torque on the engine capacity of 100.45 cc with ethanol fuel 95% smaller 7.5% compared to torque on the engine capacity of 100.45 cc with fuel pertalite. Fuel consumption on 100.45 cc engine fueled ethanol 95% larger 43.6% compared to fuel consumption in the engine capacity of 100.45 cc with fuel pertalite.Keywords : Engine capacity, 2 spark plugs, ethanol, Power, torque.ABSTRAKCadangan minyak bumi mulai menipis. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan produk minyak bumi, digunakan etanol untuk pengganti bensin. Motor dimodifikasi agar penggunaan etanol sebagai pengganti bensin dapat dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat performa mesin dengan perubahan kapasitas mesin dan penggunaan 2 busi. Metode penelitian ini adalah memodifikasi kapasitas mesin dari 113,7 cc menjadi 100,45 cc dan menggunakan 2 busi. Pengujian kinerja mesin modifikasi bahan bakar etanol 95% dengan mesin uji Dynometer, untuk menentukan daya, torsi dan konsumsi bahan bakar. Performa modifikasi mesin bahan bakar bensin dan 1 busi juga diuji, kemudian dibandingkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Daya pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc dengan bahan bakar etanol 95% lebih kecil 7,3% dibandingkan pada daya pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc dengan bahan bakar pertalite. Torsi pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc dengan bahan bakar etanol 95% lebih kecil 7,5% dibandingkan torsi pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc dengan bahan bakar pertalite. Konsumsi bahan bakar pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc berbahan bakar etanol 95% lebih besar 43,6% dibandingkan konsumsi bahan bakar pada mesin berkapasitas 100,45 cc dengan bahan bakar pertalite.Kata kunci : Kapasitas mesin, 2 busi, etanol, Daya, torsi.