Evaluation of Fungal Pretreatments for Enzymatic Saccharification of Rice Straw

Abstract Background: Cellulose synthase (CESA) mutants have potential use in straw processing due to their lower cellulose content, but almost all of the mutants exhibit defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. Balancing normal plant growth with reduced cellulose content remains a challenge, as cellulose content and normal plant growth are typically negatively correlated with one another. Result: Here, the rice (Oryza sativa) semi-dominant brittle culm (sdbc) mutant Sdbc1, which harbors a substitution (D387N) at the first conserved aspartic acid residue of OsCESA9, exhibits lower cellulose content and reduced secondary wall thickness as well as enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification compared with the wild type (WT). Further experiments indicated that the OsCESA9D387N mutation may compete with the wild-type OsCESA9 for interacting with OsCESA4 and OsCESA7, further forming non-functional or partially functional CSCs. The OsCESA9/OsCESA9D387N heterozygous plants increase salt tolerance through scavenging and detoxification of ROS and indirectly affecting related gene expression. They also improve rice straw return to the field due to their brittle culms and lower cellulose content without any negative effects in grain yield and lodging. Conclusion: Hence, manipulation of OsCESA9D387N can provide the perspective of the rice straw for biofuels and bioproducts due to its improved enzymatic saccharification.

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Control of pH by CO2 Pressurization for Enzymatic Saccharification of Ca(OH)2-Pretreated Rice Straw in the Presence of CaCO3

Journal of Applied Glycoscience ◽

10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2019_0019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 59-62

Author(s):

Masakazu Ike ◽

Ken Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification

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Bioethanol Production from Rice Straw in the MAFF Research Project, Japan

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1219-aa02-01 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1219 ◽

Author(s):

Ken Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Chemical Pretreatment ◽

Simple Method ◽

Herbaceous Biomass ◽

Free Glucose ◽

Simultaneous Saccharification

AbstractRice straw is among the most abundant herbaceous biomass, and regarded as the central feedstock for bioethanol production in Japan. We found that significant amounts of soft carbohydrates (SCs), defined as carbohydrates readily recoverable by mere extraction from the biomass or brief enzymatic saccharification, exist in rice straw in the form of free glucose, free fructose, sucrose, starch, and β-1,3-1,4-glucan. Based on the finding, we proposed a simple method for bioethanol production from rice straw samples with SCs, by a heat treatment for sterilization and starch gelatinization, followed by simultaneous saccharification/fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This method would offer an efficient process for bioethanol production without the aid of harsh thermo/chemical pretreatment step.

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Sulfite–formaldehyde pretreatment on rice straw for the improvement of enzymatic saccharification

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.127 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 218-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Feng Gu ◽

Wangxia Wang ◽

Lei Jing ◽

Yongcan Jin

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification

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A semi-dominant mutation in OsCESA9 improves rice straw return to the field and increases salt tolerance by remodeling the cell wall in rice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-63488/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yafeng Ye ◽

Shuoxun Wang ◽

Kun Wu ◽

Yan Ren ◽

Hongrui Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Normal Plant ◽

Wild Type ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Biomass Saccharification ◽

Straw Return

Abstract Background Cellulose synthase (CESA) mutants have potential use in straw processing due to their lower cellulose content, but almost all of the mutants exhibit defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. Balancing normal plant growth with reduced cellulose content remains a challenge, as cellulose content and normal plant growth are typically negatively correlated with one another.Result Here, the rice (Oryza sativa) semi-dominant brittle culm (sdbc) mutant Sdbc1, which harbors a substitution (D387N) at the first conserved aspartic acid residue of OsCESA9, exhibits lower cellulose content and reduced secondary wall thickness as well as enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification compared with the wild type. Further experiments indicated that the OsCESA9D387N mutation may compete with the wild-type OsCESA9 for interacting with OsCESA4 and OsCESA7, further forming non-functional or partially functional CSCs. The OsCESA9/OsCESA9D387N heterozygous plants increase salt tolerance through scavenging and detoxification of ROS and indirectly affecting related gene expression. They also improve rice straw return to the field due to their brittle culms and lower cellulose content without any negative effects in grain yield and lodging.Conclusion Hence, manipulation of OsCESA9D387N can enhance biomass saccharification and simultaneously facilitate the decay of rice straw in the soil, providing a new strategy for bioenergy crop breeding.

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