Study of chemical pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification for producing fermentable sugars from rice straw

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hsing Chen ◽  
Yi-Chun Chen ◽  
Jih-Gaw Lin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment

Comparison of Chemical Pretreatment for Recovery of Fermentable Sugars and Enzymatic Saccharification

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maheshwari Packiam ◽  
Karthikeyan Subburamu ◽  
Ramesh Desikan ◽  
Sivakumar Uthandi ◽  
Marimuthu Subramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment

Bioethanol Production from Rice Straw in the MAFF Research Project, Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Herbaceous Biomass ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

AbstractRice straw is among the most abundant herbaceous biomass, and regarded as the central feedstock for bioethanol production in Japan. We found that significant amounts of soft carbohydrates (SCs), defined as carbohydrates readily recoverable by mere extraction from the biomass or brief enzymatic saccharification, exist in rice straw in the form of free glucose, free fructose, sucrose, starch, and β-1,3-1,4-glucan. Based on the finding, we proposed a simple method for bioethanol production from rice straw samples with SCs, by a heat treatment for sterilization and starch gelatinization, followed by simultaneous saccharification/fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This method would offer an efficient process for bioethanol production without the aid of harsh thermo/chemical pretreatment step.

scholarly journals Valorization of sugarcane bagasse by chemical pretreatment and enzyme mediated deconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vihang S. Thite ◽  
Anuradha S. Nerurkar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Soluble Components

Abstract After chemical pretreatment, improved amenability of agrowaste biomass for enzymatic saccharification needs an understanding of the effect exerted by pretreatments on biomass for enzymatic deconstruction. In present studies, NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments effectively changed visible morphology imparting distinct fibrous appearance to sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Filtrate analysis after NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments yielded release of soluble reducing sugars (SRS) in range of ~0.17–0.44%, ~0.38–0.75% and ~2.9–8.4% respectively. Gravimetric analysis of pretreated SCB (PSCB) biomass also revealed dry weight loss in range of ~25.8–44.8%, ~11.1–16.0% and ~28.3–38.0% by the three pretreatments in the same order. Release of soluble components other than SRS, majorly reported to be soluble lignins, were observed highest for NaOH followed by H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Decrease or absence of peaks attributed to lignin and loosened fibrous appearance of biomass during FTIR and SEM studies respectively further corroborated with our observations of lignin removal. Application of commercial cellulase increased raw SCB saccharification from 1.93% to 38.84%, 25.56% and 9.61% after NaOH, H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Structural changes brought by cell wall degrading enzymes were first time shown visually confirming the cell wall disintegration under brightfield, darkfield and fluorescence microscopy. The microscopic evidence and saccharification results proved that the chemical treatment valorized the SCB by making it amenable for enzymatic saccharification.

scholarly journals Chemical Pretreatment-Independent Saccharifications of Xylan and Cellulose of Rice Straw by Bacterial Weak Lignin-Binding Xylanolytic and Cellulolytic Enzymes

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitiporn Teeravivattanakit ◽  
Sirilak Baramee ◽  
Paripok Phitsuwan ◽  
Somphit Sornyotha ◽  
Rattiya Waeonukul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Enzyme Pretreatment ◽  
One Step ◽  
Arabinoxylan Arabinofuranohydrolase ◽  
Xylanolytic Enzyme

ABSTRACT Complete utilization of carbohydrate fractions is one of the prerequisites for obtaining economically favorable lignocellulosic biomass conversion. This study shows that xylan in untreated rice straw was saccharified to xylose in one step without chemical pretreatment, yielding 58.2% of the theoretically maximum value by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 PcAxy43A, a weak lignin-binding trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme, endoxylanase/β-xylosidase/arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase. Moreover, xylose yield from untreated rice straw was enhanced to 78.9% by adding endoxylanases PcXyn10C and PcXyn11A from the same bacterium, resulting in improvement of cellulose accessibility to cellulolytic enzyme. After autoclaving the xylanolytic enzyme-treated rice straw, it was subjected to subsequent saccharification by a combination of the Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase CtCel9R and Thermoanaerobacter brockii β-glucosidase TbCglT, yielding 88.5% of the maximum glucose yield, which was higher than the glucose yield obtained from ammonia-treated rice straw saccharification (59.6%). Moreover, this work presents a new environment-friendly xylanolytic enzyme pretreatment for beneficial hydrolysis of xylan in various agricultural residues, such as rice straw and corn hull. It not only could improve cellulose saccharification but also produced xylose, leading to an improvement of the overall fermentable sugar yields without chemical pretreatment. IMPORTANCE Ongoing research is focused on improving “green” pretreatment technologies in order to reduce energy demands and environmental impact and to develop an economically feasible biorefinery. The present study showed that PcAxy43A, a weak lignin-binding trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme, endoxylanase/β-xylosidase/arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase from P. curdlanolyticus B-6, was capable of conversion of xylan in lignocellulosic biomass such as untreated rice straw to xylose in one step without chemical pretreatment. It demonstrates efficient synergism with endoxylanases PcXyn10C and PcXyn11A to depolymerize xylan in untreated rice straw and enhanced the xylose production and improved cellulose hydrolysis. Therefore, it can be considered an enzymatic pretreatment. Furthermore, the studies here show that glucose yield released from steam- and xylanolytic enzyme-treated rice straw by the combination of CtCel9R and TbCglT was higher than the glucose yield obtained from ammonia-treated rice straw saccharification. This work presents a novel environment-friendly xylanolytic enzyme pretreatment not only as a green pretreatment but also as an economically feasible biorefinery method.

Chestnut Shell as Unexploited Source of Fermentable Sugars: Effect of Different Pretreatment Methods on Enzymatic Saccharification

2013 ◽  
Vol 170 (5) ◽  
pp. 1104-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Maurelli ◽  
Elena Ionata ◽  
Francesco La Cara ◽  
Alessandra Morana
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Chestnut Shell

scholarly journals Microwave Assisted Chemical Pretreatment Method for Bio-ethanol Production from Rice Straw

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Singh ◽  
Monika Srivastava ◽  
Bharti Rohatgi ◽  
Abhijit Kar ◽  
Ashish Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Microwave Assisted

scholarly journals A semi-dominant mutation in OsCESA9 improves biomass enzymatic digestibility and salt tolerance by relatively remodeling cell walls in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafeng Ye ◽  
Shuoxun Wang ◽  
Kun Wu ◽  
Yan Ren ◽  
Hongrui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: Cellulose synthase (CESA) mutants have potential use in straw processing due to their lower cellulose content, but almost all of the mutants exhibit defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. Balancing normal plant growth with reduced cellulose content remains a challenge, as cellulose content and normal plant growth are typically negatively correlated with one another. Result: Here, the rice (Oryza sativa) semi-dominant brittle culm (sdbc) mutant Sdbc1, which harbors a substitution (D387N) at the first conserved aspartic acid residue of OsCESA9, exhibits lower cellulose content and reduced secondary wall thickness as well as enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification compared with the wild type (WT). Further experiments indicated that the OsCESA9D387N mutation may compete with the wild-type OsCESA9 for interacting with OsCESA4 and OsCESA7, further forming non-functional or partially functional CSCs. The OsCESA9/OsCESA9D387N heterozygous plants increase salt tolerance through scavenging and detoxification of ROS and indirectly affecting related gene expression. They also improve rice straw return to the field due to their brittle culms and lower cellulose content without any negative effects in grain yield and lodging. Conclusion: Hence, manipulation of OsCESA9D387N can provide the perspective of the rice straw for biofuels and bioproducts due to its improved enzymatic saccharification.

Effective Extraction of Lignin from Elephant Grass Using Imidazole and Its Effect on Enzymatic Saccharification To Produce Fermentable Sugars

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (17) ◽  
pp. 5138-5145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Toscan ◽  
Ana Rita C. Morais ◽  
Susana M. Paixão ◽  
Luís Alves ◽  
Jürgen Andreaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Elephant Grass
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