Neonatal digital chest radiography– should we be using additional copper filtration?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Ruth Tugwell-Allsup ◽  
Rhys Wyn Morris ◽  
Kate Thomas ◽  
Richard Hibbs ◽  
Andrew England
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantom ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Digital Chest

Objectives: Copper filtration removes lower energy X-ray photons, which do not enhance image quality but would otherwise contribute to patient dose. This study explores the use of additional copper filtration for neonatal mobile chest imaging. Methods: A controlled factorial-designed experiment was used to determine the effect of independent variables on image quality and radiation dose. These variables included: copper filtration (0Cu, 0.1Cu and 0.2Cu), exposure factors, SID and image receptor position (direct +tray). Image quality was evaluated using absolute visual grading analysis (VGA) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and entrance surface dose (ESD) was derived using an ionising chamber within the central X-ray beam. Results: VGA, CNR and ESD significantly reduced (p < 0.01) when using added copper filtration. For 0.1Cu, the percentage reduction was much greater for ESD (60%) than for VGA (14%) and CNR (20%), respectively. When compared to the optimal combinations of parameters for incubator imaging using no copper filtration, an increase in kV and mAs when using 0.1mmCu resulted in better image quality at the same radiation dose (direct) or, equal image quality at reduced dose (in-tray). The use of 0.1mmCu for neonatal chest imaging with a corresponding increase in kV and mAs is therefore recommended. Conclusions: Using additional copper filtration significantly reduces radiation dose (at increased mAs) without a detrimental effect on image quality. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study, using an anthropomorphic phantom, to explore the use of additional Cu for DR neonatal chest imaging and therefore helps inform practice to standardise and optimise this imaging examination.

CAN SCATTER CORRECTION SOFTWARE REPLACE A GRID IN DR PELVIC EXAMINATIONS?

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Precht ◽  
Svea Deppe Mørup ◽  
Anders Tingberg ◽  
Claus Bjørn Outzen ◽  
Kirsten Weber Kusk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Pelvic Examination ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Exposure Levels

Abstract The purpose was to examine if scatter correction software could replace a grid while maintaining image quality and reducing radiation dose for pelvic DR examinations. Grid images was produced with 70 kV and 16mAs. Anthropomorphic- and Contrast Detail RADiography (CDRAD) non-grid images were produced with 60 kV, 80 kV and 90 kV combined with five different mAs and scatter correction software. The anthropomorphic images were analyzed by absolute Visual Grading Analysis (VGA). The CDRAD images were analyzed using the CDRAD analysis software. The results showed a total of 54.6% non-grid images were evaluated as unsuitable for diagnostic use by the VGA. The CDRAD grid images showed that the IQF_inv values were significantly different (p = 0.0001) when compared to every group of non-grid images. Hereby, the conclusion stated that the scatter correction software did not compensate for the loss in image quality due to scattered radiation at the exposure levels included in a pelvic examination.

Image Quality and Radiation Dose on Digital Chest Imaging: Comparison of Amorphous Silicon and Amorphous Selenium Flat-Panel Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Bacher ◽  
Peter Smeets ◽  
Ludo Vereecken ◽  
An De Hauwere ◽  
Philippe Duyck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Amorphous Selenium ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Digital Chest

scholarly journals Visual grading analysis of digital neonatal chest phantom X-ray images: Impact of detector type, dose and image processing on image quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2951-2959 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Smet ◽  
L. Breysem ◽  
E. Mussen ◽  
H. Bosmans ◽  
N. W. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Detector Type

scholarly journals An investigation into the validity of utilising the CDRAD 2.0 phantom for optimisation studies in digital radiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1089) ◽  
pp. 20180317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadeq Al-Murshedi ◽  
Peter Hogg ◽  
Andrew England
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Automated Evaluation ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Digital Chest ◽  
Right Middle Lobe

Objectives: To determine if a relationship exists between low contrast detail (LCD) detectability using the CDRAD 2.0 phantom, visual measures of image quality (IQ) and simulated lesion visibility (LV) when performing digital chest radiography (CXR). Methods: Using a range of acquisition parameters, a CDRAD 2.0 phantom was used to acquire a set of images with different levels of image quality. LCD detectability using the CDRAD 2.0 phantom, represented by an image quality figure inverse (IQFinv) metric, was determined using the phantom analyser software. A Lungman chest phantom was loaded with two simulated lesions, of different sizes/placed in different locations, and was imaged using the same acquisition factors as the CDRAD 2.0 phantom. A relative visual grading analysis (VGA) was used by seven observers for IQ and LV evaluation of the Lungman images. Correlations between IQFinv, IQ and LV were investigated. Results: Pearson’s correlation demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r = 0.91; p < 0.001) between the IQ and the IQFinv. Spearman’s correlation showed a good positive correlation (r = 0.79; p < 0.001) and (r = 0.68; p < 0.001) between the IQFinv and the LV for the first lesion (left upper lobe) and the second lesion (right middle lobe), respectively. Conclusions: From results presented in this study, the automated evaluation of LCD detectability using CDRAD 2.0 phantom is likely to be a suitable option for IQ and LV evaluation in digital CXR optimisation studies. Advances in knowledge: This research establishes the potential of the CDRAD 2.0 phantom in digital CXR optimisation studies.

scholarly journals Influence of the use of various imaging units and projections on the radiation dose received by children during chest digital radiography

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255749
Author(s):  
Hongrong Xu ◽  
Kaiping Huang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Jinhua Cai ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Area Product ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Area

Objective To investigate the impact of the use of different imaging units and projections on radiation dose and image quality during chest digital radiography (DR) in 3- and 4-year-old children. Methods Two hundred forty 3- and 4-year-old participants requiring chest DR were included; they were divided into three groups: supine anterior-posterior projection (APP), standing APP and standing posterior-anterior projection (PAP). Each group included 40 participants who were evaluated using the same imaging unit. The dose area product (DAP) and the entrance surface dose (ESD) were recorded after each exposure. The visual grading analysis score (VGAS) was used to evaluate image quality, and the longitudinal distance (LD) from the apex of the right lung to the apex of the right diaphragm was used to evaluate the inspiration extent. Results DAP and ESD were significantly lower in the standing PAP and APP groups than in the supine APP group (P<0.05), but LD was significantly higher in the standing PAP and APP groups than in the supine APP group (P<0.05). Additionally, the pulmonary field area was significantly higher for the standing PAP group than for the standing and supine APP groups (P<0.05). The correlations between ESD, DAP, and VGAS were positive (P<0.001), showing that larger ESD and DAP correspond to higher VGAS. The correlations between ESD, DAP, and body mass index (BMI) were also positive (P<0.05), indicating that higher BMI corresponds to larger ESD and DAP. Finally, no differences in DAP, ESD, VGAS, LD, pulmonary field area, or BMI were noted between males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion The radiation dose to superficial organs may be lower with standing PAP than with standing APP during chest DR. Standing PAP should be selected for chest DR in 3- and 4-year-old children, as it may decrease the required radiation dose.

Using 100- instead of 120-kVp computed tomography to diagnose pulmonary embolism almost halves the radiation dose with preserved diagnostic quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Björkdahl ◽  
Ulf Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
Subjective Image Quality ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tube Potential

Background: Concern has been raised regarding the mounting collective radiation doses from computed tomography (CT), increasing the risk of radiation-induced cancers in exposed populations. Purpose: To compare radiation dose and image quality in a chest phantom and in patients for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) at 100 and 120 peak kilovoltage (kVp) using 16-multichannel detector computed tomography (MDCT). Material and Methods: A 20-ml syringe containing 12 mg I/ml was scanned in a chest phantom at 100/120 kVp and 25 milliampere seconds (mAs). Consecutive patients underwent 100 kVp ( n = 50) and 120 kVp ( n = 50) 16-MDCT using a “quality reference” effective mAs of 100, 300 mg I/kg, and a 12-s injection duration. Attenuation (CT number), image noise (1 standard deviation), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR; fresh clot = 70 HU) of the contrast medium syringe and pulmonary arteries were evaluated on 3-mm-thick slices. Subjective image quality was assessed. Computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose–length product (DLP) were presented by the CT software, and effective dose was estimated. Results: Mean values in the chest phantom and patients changed as follows when X-ray tube potential decreased from 120 to 100 kVp: attenuation +23% and +40%, noise +38% and +48%, CNR −6% and 0%, and CTDIvol −38% and −40%, respectively. Mean DLP and effective dose in the patients decreased by 42% and 45%, respectively. Subjective image quality was excellent or adequate in 49/48 patients at 100/120 kVp. No patient with a negative CT had any thromboembolism diagnosed during 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: By reducing X-ray tube potential from 120 to 100 kVp, while keeping all other scanning parameters unchanged, the radiation dose to the patient may be almost halved without deterioration of diagnostic quality, which may be of particular benefit in young individuals.

scholarly journals An anthropomorphic phantom representing a prematurely born neonate for digital x-ray imaging using 3D printing: Proof of concept and comparison of image quality from different systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Irnstorfer ◽  
Ewald Unger ◽  
Azadeh Hojreh ◽  
Peter Homolka
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Diagnostic Image Quality ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantom ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Printing Quality ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Image Appearance ◽  
Neonatal Imaging

Abstract An anthropomorphic phantom for image optimization in neonatal radiography was developed, and its usability in optimizing image acquisition and processing demonstrated. The phantom was designed to mimic a patient image of a prematurely born neonate. A clinical x-ray (neonate <1 kg) taken with an effective dose of 11 µSv on a needle-crystal storage phosphor system was retrospectively selected from anonymized images as an appropriate template representing a standard case in neonatology imaging. The low dose level used in clinical imaging results in high image noise content. Therefore, the image had to be processed using structure preserving noise reduction. Pixel values were related to printing material thickness to result in a similar attenuation pattern as the original patient including support mattress. A 3D model generating a similar x-ray attenuation pattern on an image detector as a patient was derived accounting for beam hardening and perspective, and printed using different printing technologies. Best printing quality was achieved using a laser stereolithography printer. Phantom images from different digital radiography systems used in neonatal imaging were compared. Effects of technology, image processing, and radiation dose on diagnostic image quality can be assessed for otherwise identical anthropomorphic neonatal images not possible with patient images, facilitating optimization and standardization of imaging parameters and image appearance.

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