scholarly journals Influence of the use of various imaging units and projections on the radiation dose received by children during chest digital radiography

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255749
Author(s):  
Hongrong Xu ◽  
Kaiping Huang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Jinhua Cai ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Area Product ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Area

Objective To investigate the impact of the use of different imaging units and projections on radiation dose and image quality during chest digital radiography (DR) in 3- and 4-year-old children. Methods Two hundred forty 3- and 4-year-old participants requiring chest DR were included; they were divided into three groups: supine anterior-posterior projection (APP), standing APP and standing posterior-anterior projection (PAP). Each group included 40 participants who were evaluated using the same imaging unit. The dose area product (DAP) and the entrance surface dose (ESD) were recorded after each exposure. The visual grading analysis score (VGAS) was used to evaluate image quality, and the longitudinal distance (LD) from the apex of the right lung to the apex of the right diaphragm was used to evaluate the inspiration extent. Results DAP and ESD were significantly lower in the standing PAP and APP groups than in the supine APP group (P<0.05), but LD was significantly higher in the standing PAP and APP groups than in the supine APP group (P<0.05). Additionally, the pulmonary field area was significantly higher for the standing PAP group than for the standing and supine APP groups (P<0.05). The correlations between ESD, DAP, and VGAS were positive (P<0.001), showing that larger ESD and DAP correspond to higher VGAS. The correlations between ESD, DAP, and body mass index (BMI) were also positive (P<0.05), indicating that higher BMI corresponds to larger ESD and DAP. Finally, no differences in DAP, ESD, VGAS, LD, pulmonary field area, or BMI were noted between males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion The radiation dose to superficial organs may be lower with standing PAP than with standing APP during chest DR. Standing PAP should be selected for chest DR in 3- and 4-year-old children, as it may decrease the required radiation dose.

Effects of Projections on Radiation Dose for and Image Quality of Chest Digital Radiography for Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongrong Xu ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Jinhua Cai ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
Helin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Area

Background: Until now few studies have specially validated whether the sex, body mass index, or imaging projections of pediatric patients undergoing chest digital radiography (DR) affect the radiation dose and image quality. Introduction: To investigate the impact of different photography positions on radiation dose for and image quality of chest DR for 3-4-year-old children. Method: One-hundred twenty 3-4-year-old patients who required chest DR were included. The patients were divided into 3 groups, with 40 patients in each group: supine anterior-posterior projection (APP), standing APP and posterior-anterior projection (PAP). The dose area product (DAP) and entrance surface dose (ESD) values for every patient were recorded after each exposure. The visual grading analysis score (VGAS) was used to evaluate image quality. Result: The DAP and ESD values for the standing PAP and APP groups were significantly lower than those for the supine APP group (0.19 ± 0.04 dGy cm2 and 0.05 ± 0.01 mGy vs 0.25 ± 0.05 dGy cm2 and 0.08 ± 0.01 mGy, P<0.05, respectively). Additionally, the VGAS for the standing APP group was significantly lower than those for the standing PAP and supine APP groups (28.58 ± 0.96 vs 29.08 ± 0.94 and 29.03 ± 0.80, P<0.05, respectively), whereas the pulmonary field area for the standing PAP group was significantly higher than those for the standing and supine APP groups (118.95 ± 16.81 cm2 vs 105.65 ± 14.76 cm2 and 105.24 ± 16.32 cm2, P<0.05, respectively). However, there were no statistically significant differences in DAP, ESD, VGAS, pulmonary field area and body mass index between the male and female patients in the three groups (P>0.05, respectively). Conclusion: The standing PAP should be the first projection choice for chest DR for 3-4-year-old children; compared with the supine and standing APP, the standing PAP may improve image quality and decrease the required radiation dose.

Assessment of image quality and radiation dose in some models of digital radiography systems – A Pehamed FLUORAD A + D phantom study

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
H. Kaheni ◽  
A. Chaparian ◽  
R. Nafisi-Moghadam ◽  
N. Hamzian
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Ideal Situation ◽  
Conventional Film ◽  
Area Product

Digital radiography (DR) systems have been recently introduced as a developed technology that is replacing conventional film–screen systems in many countries around the world. Ideal situation in radiography is to maximize the image quality while minimizing the patient dose. The purpose of this study was to compare image quality and radiation dose in different digital radiography systems. Four different digital systems are compared in terms of their image quality performance and dose area product (DAP). Images of Pehamed FLUORAD A + D phantom were obtained for each DR system. Image quality parameters (contrast resolution (CR), spatial resolution (SR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)) and DAP were significantly different between different digital systems. It was shown that all four quantities increased with increasing exposure parameters in all systems. Image quality parameters of the SEDECAL system were higher than that in other systems (p ≤ 0.05). At the stable DAP (100 mGy.cm2), means of CR, CNR, and SR in the SEDECAL system were 6.38 ± 0.797, 29.70 ± 0.85 and 3.10 ± 0.38 lp/mm, respectively. The results of this investigation can be taken into consideration in the selection and purchasing of new systems in order to preserve patients as well as radiographers from unnecessary radiation dose.

RADIATION DOSE DURING PELVIC RADIOGRAPHY IN RELATION TO BODY MASS INDEX

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-303
Author(s):  
Nika Zalokar ◽  
Anja Resnik ◽  
Nejc Mekiš
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Pelvic Radiography ◽  
Area Product ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on dose area product (DAP), effective dose (E), dose to the organs and image quality (IQ) on 200 patients referred to pelvic radiography. Patients were classified into three groups according to BMI: normal (&lt;24.99), overweight (25.0–29.99) and obese (&gt;30). The results showed 52% and 135% higher DAP for overweight and obese patients compared to normal-weight patients (p &lt; 0.001). A 46 and 123% rise of E for overweight and obese patients compared to normal-weight patients (p &lt; 0.001) was discovered. Overweight patients received 37% higher dose and obese patients 107% higher dose to the organs compared to normal-weight patients. There were no statistically significant differences between IQ, except between normal weight and overweight patients. A strong correlation (r = 0.733) was found between BMI and DAP and between BMI and E (r = 0.776).

Neonatal digital chest radiography– should we be using additional copper filtration?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Ruth Tugwell-Allsup ◽  
Rhys Wyn Morris ◽  
Kate Thomas ◽  
Richard Hibbs ◽  
Andrew England
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantom ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Digital Chest

Objectives: Copper filtration removes lower energy X-ray photons, which do not enhance image quality but would otherwise contribute to patient dose. This study explores the use of additional copper filtration for neonatal mobile chest imaging. Methods: A controlled factorial-designed experiment was used to determine the effect of independent variables on image quality and radiation dose. These variables included: copper filtration (0Cu, 0.1Cu and 0.2Cu), exposure factors, SID and image receptor position (direct +tray). Image quality was evaluated using absolute visual grading analysis (VGA) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and entrance surface dose (ESD) was derived using an ionising chamber within the central X-ray beam. Results: VGA, CNR and ESD significantly reduced (p < 0.01) when using added copper filtration. For 0.1Cu, the percentage reduction was much greater for ESD (60%) than for VGA (14%) and CNR (20%), respectively. When compared to the optimal combinations of parameters for incubator imaging using no copper filtration, an increase in kV and mAs when using 0.1mmCu resulted in better image quality at the same radiation dose (direct) or, equal image quality at reduced dose (in-tray). The use of 0.1mmCu for neonatal chest imaging with a corresponding increase in kV and mAs is therefore recommended. Conclusions: Using additional copper filtration significantly reduces radiation dose (at increased mAs) without a detrimental effect on image quality. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study, using an anthropomorphic phantom, to explore the use of additional Cu for DR neonatal chest imaging and therefore helps inform practice to standardise and optimise this imaging examination.

CAN SCATTER CORRECTION SOFTWARE REPLACE A GRID IN DR PELVIC EXAMINATIONS?

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Precht ◽  
Svea Deppe Mørup ◽  
Anders Tingberg ◽  
Claus Bjørn Outzen ◽  
Kirsten Weber Kusk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Pelvic Examination ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Visual Grading ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Visual Grading Analysis ◽  
Exposure Levels

Abstract The purpose was to examine if scatter correction software could replace a grid while maintaining image quality and reducing radiation dose for pelvic DR examinations. Grid images was produced with 70 kV and 16mAs. Anthropomorphic- and Contrast Detail RADiography (CDRAD) non-grid images were produced with 60 kV, 80 kV and 90 kV combined with five different mAs and scatter correction software. The anthropomorphic images were analyzed by absolute Visual Grading Analysis (VGA). The CDRAD images were analyzed using the CDRAD analysis software. The results showed a total of 54.6% non-grid images were evaluated as unsuitable for diagnostic use by the VGA. The CDRAD grid images showed that the IQF_inv values were significantly different (p = 0.0001) when compared to every group of non-grid images. Hereby, the conclusion stated that the scatter correction software did not compensate for the loss in image quality due to scattered radiation at the exposure levels included in a pelvic examination.

scholarly journals Feasibility of low-dose digital pulsed video-fluoroscopic swallow exams (VFSE): effects on radiation dose and image quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Weiss ◽  
Mike Notohamiprodjo ◽  
Klement Neumaier ◽  
Minglun Li ◽  
Wilhelm Flatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Image Quality ◽  
Organ Doses ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Area Product

Background Fluoroscopy is a frequently used examination in clinical routine without appropriate research evaluation latest hardware and software equipment. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of low-dose pulsed video-fluoroscopic swallowing exams (pVFSE) to reduce dose exposure in patients with swallowing disorders compared to high-resolution radiograph examinations (hrVFSE) serving as standard of reference. Material and Methods A phantom study (Alderson-Rando Phantom, 60 thermoluminescent dosimeters [TLD]) was performed for dose measurements. Acquisition parameters were as follows: (i) pVFSE: 76.7 kV, 57 mA, 0.9 Cu mm, pulse rate/s 30; (ii) hrVFSE: 68.0 kV, 362 mA, 0.2 Cu mm, pictures 30/s. The dose area product (DAP) indicated by the detector system and the radiation dose derived from the TLD measurements were analyzed. In a patient study, image quality was assessed qualitatively (5-point Likert scale, 5 = hrVFSE; two independent readers) and quantitatively (SNR) in 35 patients who subsequently underwent contrast-enhanced pVFSE and hrVFSE. Results Phantom measurements showed a dose reduction per picture of factor 25 for pVFSE versus hrVFSE images (0.0025 mGy versus 0.062 mGy). The DAP (µGym2) was 28.0 versus 810.5 (pVFSE versus hrVFSE) for an average examination time of 30 s. Direct and scattered organ doses were significantly lower for pVFSE as compared to hrVFSE ( P < 0.05). Image quality was rated 3.9 ± 0.5 for pVFSE versus the hrVFSE standard; depiction of the contrast agent 4.8 ± 0.3; noise 3.6 ± 0.5 ( P < 0.05); SNR calculations revealed a relative decreased of 43.9% for pVFSE as compared to hrVFSE. Conclusion Pulsed VFSE is feasible, providing diagnostic image quality at a significant dose reduction as compared to hrVFSE.

scholarly journals New patient-controlled abdominal compression method in radiography: radiation dose and image quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 205846011877286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oili Piippo-Huotari ◽  
Eva Norrman ◽  
Agneta Anderzén-Carlsson ◽  
Håkan Geijer
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Abdominal Compression ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Area Product

Background The radiation dose for patients can be reduced with many methods and one way is to use abdominal compression. In this study, the radiation dose and image quality for a new patient-controlled compression device were compared with conventional compression and compression in the prone position . Purpose To compare radiation dose and image quality of patient-controlled compression compared with conventional and prone compression in general radiography. Material and Methods An experimental design with quantitative approach. After obtaining the approval of the ethics committee, a consecutive sample of 48 patients was examined with the standard clinical urography protocol. The radiation doses were measured as dose-area product and analyzed with a paired t-test. The image quality was evaluated by visual grading analysis. Four radiologists evaluated each image individually by scoring nine criteria modified from the European quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images. Results There was no significant difference in radiation dose or image quality between conventional and patient-controlled compression. Prone position resulted in both higher dose and inferior image quality. Conclusion Patient-controlled compression gave similar dose levels as conventional compression and lower than prone compression. Image quality was similar with both patient-controlled and conventional compression and was judged to be better than in the prone position.

Comparing the supine and erect pelvis radiographic examinations: an evaluation of anatomy, image quality and radiation dose

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210047
Author(s):  
Kevin Flintham ◽  
Kholoud Alzyoud ◽  
Andrew England ◽  
Peter Hogg ◽  
Beverly Snaith
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Sagittal Diameter ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Area Product

Objectives: Pelvis radiographs are usually acquired supine despite standing imaging reflecting functional anatomy. We compared the supine and erect radiographic examinations for anatomical features, radiation dose and image quality. Methods: Sixty patients underwent pelvis radiography in both supine and erect positions at the same examination appointment. Measures of body mass index and sagittal diameter were obtained. Images were evaluated using visual grading analysis and pelvic tilt was compared. Dose-area-product (DAP) values were recorded and inputted into the CalDose_X software to estimate effective dose (ED). The CalDose_X software allowed comparisons using data from the erect and supine sex-specific phantoms (MAX06 & FAX06). Results: Patient sagittal diameter was greater on standing with an average 20.6% increase at the iliac crest (median 30.0, interquartile range [26.0 to 34.0] cm), in comparison to the supine position [24.0 (22.3 to 28.0) cm; p < 0.001]. 57 (95%) patients had posterior pelvic tilt on weight-bearing. Erect image quality was significantly decreased with median image quality scores of 78% (69 to 85) compared to 87% for the supine position [81 to 91] (p < 0.001). In the erect position the ED was 47% higher [0.17 (0.13 to 0.33) mSv versus 0.12 (0.08 to 0.18) mSv (p < 0.001)], influenced by the increased sagittal diameter. 42 (70%) patients preferred the standing examination. Conclusion: Patient diameter and pelvic tilt were altered on weightbearing. Erect images demonstrated an overall decrease in image quality with a higher radiation dose. Optimal acquisition parameters are required for erect pelvis radiography as the supine technique is not directly transferable.

Evaluation of the radiation dose to a phantom for various X-ray exposure factors performed using the dose area product in digital radiography

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (12) ◽  
pp. 954-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Kweon ◽  
W. K. Chung ◽  
K. R. Dong ◽  
J. W. Lee ◽  
J. W. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Area Product

Impact of tube angulation on radiation dose using image noise reduction technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Haj Abdo ◽  
L Langenbrink ◽  
J Michaelsen ◽  
M Wirtz ◽  
E Altiok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Image Noise ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
Total Radiation Dose ◽  
Image Noise Reduction ◽  
Reduce Radiation Dose ◽  
Area Product ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives This study sought to evaluate the impact of tube angulation on radiation dose using image noise reduction technology in a clinical setting. Image noise reduction technology has been shown to significantly reduce radiation dose in coronary angiography in particular by reduction of radiation in cine mode. Methods In 500 coronary angiograms performed by the same operator the dose-area product (DAP) was determined. The DAP was determined for the cine mode as well as for the fluoroscopy mode. Furthermore, in the cine mode, the DAP on a per image (DAP/frame) basis was determined for the posterior-anterior projection (PA) as well as a left anterior oblique (LAO) cranial (LAO 20°/20°) and caudal (LAO 45°/−20°), right anterior oblique (RAO) cranial (RAO 20°/20°) and caudal (RAO 30°/−20°) angulations. The image intensifier area was kept constant for all angulations. Results Mean body mass index was 28.6±5.5 kg/m2. Mean total DAP was 1227±1417 cGy cm2. The mean ratio of DAP in cine mode/DAP in fluoro mode was 0.54±0.32. Mean DAP/frame in PA angulation was 5.5±3.3 (cGy cm2). Considering the cine mode, for the LAO cranial and LAO caudal angulations, the relative DAP/ frame compared to the PA angulation was 2.8±1.8 and 4.2±1.6, respectively. For the RAO cranial and RAO caudal angulations, the relative DAP/frame compared to the PA angulation was 1.7±2.2 and 1.8±1.4. Conclusions Using image noise reduction technology, radiation during fluoroscopy mode contributes more to total radiation dose than radiation during cine mode. In cine mode, the PA angulation has least radiation/ frame. The LAO caudal angulation is associated with greatest increase in radiation dose compared to the PA angulation, while LAO cranial angulation and RAO cranial and caudal angulations increase radiation dose to a lesser extent. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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