Investigation of the accessory maxillary ostium: a congenital variation or acquired defect?

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200575
Author(s):  
Umut Percem Orhan Soylemez ◽  
Basak Atalay
Keyword(s):  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Septum Deviation ◽  
Nasal Septum Deviation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mucosal Thickening ◽  
Retention Cysts ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses ◽  
Group 1

Objective: We sought to determine whether an accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) is a congenital or acquired condition and we investigated concomitant sinus pathologies associated with this structure. Methods: Paranasal sinus CT examinations of individuals aged ≥13 years and <13 years were compared retrospectively. In total, 552 sinuses of 276 patients aged ≥13 years (Group 1) and 284 maxillary sinuses of 142 children aged <13 years (Group 2) were evaluated. Patients were classified as AMO-positive or -negative. The following features were evaluated in Group 1: AMO presence, mucus retention cysts, mucosal thickening, sinusitis of the maxillary sinus, nasal septum deviation, concha hypertrophy, concha bullosa, primary ostium obstruction, uncinate process atelectasis, paradox concha, Agger nasi and Haller cells, and sinus hypoplasia. The sizes and locations of AMOs were also evaluated. The presence of an AMO and sinusitis were evaluated in Group 2. Results: AMOs were detected in 122 sinuses in Group 1. In the AMO-positive group, sinusitis, mucosal thickening, and primary ostium obstruction were significantly more common than in the AMO-negative group (p < 0.00001). Statistically significant associations were not observed between AMO presence and other parameters. AMOs were present in two sinuses in Group 2. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AMOs are acquired defects caused by sinus diseases. The rare occurrence of these structures in patients aged <13 years suggests that they may be a perforation or secondary drainage pathway in patients with sinusitis or primary ostium obstruction.

scholarly journals VIVAX MALARIA;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 859-864
Author(s):  
Sikandar Hayat Khan ◽  
Muhammad Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Matched Control ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Group 1

Background: The primary health care physician is usually perplexed withregards to selection of initial therapy for patients presenting with fever. Some degrees ofhematological changes do exist in most patients with malaria. How often these changes doexist with malaria in our set up? And whether these changes are due to associated fever oractually resulting because of malaria. Objective: 1-To measure the frequency of abnormalhematological changes in malaria patients in our set up. 2-To compare the hematologicalparameters among subjects with laboratory proven malaria, fever but no malaria diagnosisand healthy controls. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Place and duration of study: Thisstudy was carried out from May 2010 to Dec- 2010 at department of medicine PNS SHIFA, anddepartments of pathology PNS SHIFA and RAHAT, Karachi. Subjects and methods: Subjectswith history of fever and a clinical suspicion of malaria were recruited from primary physician’sOPD along with healthy age and sex-matched control. First, the frequencies of various abnormalfindings in hematological parameters were measured in subjects diagnosed to have malaria.Later, group-1: [Malaria (Laboratory positive) (n=74)], Group-2: [Fever (Laboratory negative)(n=104)] and group-3: [Age and sex matched controls (n=54)] were evaluated by one wayANOVA followed by post-hoc comparisons for significant differences among groups. Bloodcomplete picture were measured by automated hematology analyzer (Specifications: CELTAC- alpha, MEK-6410 K). Malaria parasite presence was confirmed by both slide examinationtechnique and immune-chromatographic (ICT) testing. Main outcome measures-Hemoglobin,white blood cells (WBC), platelets, PDW, % neutrophil. Results- 21.62 % cases from malariahad anemia, while the occurrence of leucopenia was 62.16%. This leukpenia was associatedwith relative neutrophil excess (63.51%). Thrombocytopenia was the most consistent findingamong our studied subjects (97.30%). The difference between the three groups were significantfor platelets [Group-1, Malaria (Laboratory positive) group= 86.42 (95%CI: 78.43-94.41)][Group 2, Fever (Laboratory negative) group = 192.47 (95%CI: 177.69-207.25)] and (Group-3,Age and sex matched control group=278.89 (95%CI: 254.16-303.62)] {p<0.001}, and WBC[Group-1, Malaria (Laboratory positive) group= 5.55 (95%CI: 5.08-6.01)] [Group 2, Fever(Laboratory negative) group = 6.68 (95%CI: 6.14-7.20)] and (Group-3, Age and sex matchedcontrol group=8.78 (95%CI: 8.01-9.55)] {p<0.001}. The results for % neutrophil and PDW werealso significant, but post-hoc comparison did not show significant differences between groupsthus differentiating a case of malaria from non-malaria fever or control. Conclusion: Malariadue to Plasmodium vivax is associated with thrombocytopenia and leucopenia in our set up.Moreover, the associated hematological parameters including % neutrophil and PDW may helpin augmenting a clinical diagnosis of malaria.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis A,B, and C viruses in Turkish alcoholic cirrhotics and the impact of hepatitis B on clinical profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Tekin ◽  
Fulya Gunsar ◽  
Elvan Isik Erdogan ◽  
Ruchan Yazan Sertoz ◽  
Zeki Karasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The aims of this study were to detect the seroprevalence of hepatitis A, B, and C viruses in Turkish alcoholic cirrhotics, and to evaluate the impact of hepatitis B infection on clinical profile at first admittance. Methodology: Serological markers for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses in 300 alcoholic cirrhotics diagnosed between January 1994 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 148 eligible patients were divided into group 1 (HBsAg positive, n = 43) and group 2 (HBsAg and anti-HBc negative, n = 105). Clinical characteristics at first admittance of groups 1 and 2 were compared. Results: The seroprevalence of anti-HAV total, HBsAg, and anti-HCV was found to be 91.5%, 16.3%, and 8.2%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma was higher in the HbsAg-positive group compared to HbsAg- and anti-HBc-negative group (16.3% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.007). Other clinical features were similar in the two groups. Conclusions: Alcoholic cirrhotics have higher frequencies of HBsAg and anti-HCV than the general population. These patients should be investigated for coexistent HBV and HCV infections, and HBV vaccination should not be neglected. Alcoholic cirrhotic patients with concomitant HBV infection should be closely screened for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Characteristics in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110232
Author(s):  
Maryam Paknahad ◽  
Aida Pourzal ◽  
Mohammad Mahjoori-Ghasrodashti ◽  
Leila Khojastepour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Septum Deviation ◽  
Nasal Septum Deviation ◽  
Mucosal Thickening

Objectives: The detection of anatomical variation impairments in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) is crucial in combined orthodontic and maxillofacial surgical treatments. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the anatomical maxillary sinus characteristics, nasal septum deviation (NSD), and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus in patients with CLP using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Design: The CBCT images were classified into 3 groups of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP; n = 40), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP; n=14), and noncleft (control; n = 54). Subsequently, the maxillary sinus linear dimensions were assessed. Height, width, depth, infundibulum height, and ostium width were assessed as quantitative measures, whereas nasal septum deviation and mucosal thickening were assessed as qualitative measures. One-way analysis of variance and χ2 tests were utilized to identify any significant differences among the groups regarding the aforementioned variables. Results: Significant differences were observed among the groups regarding maxillary sinus height and depth, NSD, and mucosal thickening. Moreover, UCLP and BCLP groups showed higher incidence of NSD and mucosal thickening. However, the size of maxillary sinus height and depth was lower in the UCLP and BCLP groups. Conclusion: The results showed that BCLP and UCLP groups obtained lower maxillary sinus height and depth compared to the control group. On the other hand, incidence of the NSD and mucosal thickening was significantly higher in UCLP and BCLP groups than those in the control group.

Progesterone and estrogen receptors: opposing prognostic indicators in meningiomas

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Pravdenkova ◽  
Ossama Al-Mefty ◽  
Jeffrey Sawyer ◽  
Muhammad Husain
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Receptor Status ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Object The preponderance of progesterone receptors (PRs) and the scarcity of estrogen receptors (ERs) in meningiomas are well known. The expression of PRs may relate to tumor grade and recurrence. Cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with aggressive behavior, recurrence, and progression. In this study, the authors focus on the prognostic implications of hormone receptors in meningiomas to help determine the clinical and biological aggressiveness of tumors and their correlations with cytogenetic abnormalities. Methods Two hundred thirty-nine patients with meningiomas were separated into three groups. Group 1 (PR-positive group) comprised patients whose meningiomas displayed expression of PRs alone. Group 2 (receptor-negative group) included patients whose lesions did not have receptors for either progesterone or estrogen. Group 3 (ER-positive group) included patients whose tumors displayed expression of ERs. Clinical and histological findings, proliferative indices, tumor recurrence, and cytogenetic findings were analyzed by performing the Fisher exact test. Compared with the receptor-negative (Group 2) and ER-positive (Group 3) groups, the PR-positive group (Group 1) had a statistically significant lower proliferative index and a smaller number of patients in whom there were aggressive histopathological findings or changes in karyotype. In Groups 1, 2, and 3, the percentages of cases with aggressive histopathological findings were 10, 31, and 33%, respectively; the percentages of cases with chromosomal abnormalities were 50, 84, and 86%, respectively; and the percentages of cases in which there initially was no residual tumor but recurrence was documented were 5, 30, and 27%, respectively. A statistically significant increase in the involvement of chromosomes 14 and 22 was identified in receptor-negative and ER-positive de novo meningiomas, when compared with the PR-positive group. Abnormalities on chromosome 19 were statistically significantly higher in receptor-negative meningiomas than in PR-positive tumors. Conclusions The expression of the PR alone in meningiomas signals a favorable clinical and biological outcome. A lack of receptors or the presence of ERs in meningiomas correlates with an accumulation of qualitative and quantitative karyotype abnormalities, a higher proportional involvement of chromosomes 14 and 22 in de novo tumors, and an increasing potential for aggressive clinical behavior, progression, and recurrence of these lesions. Sex hormone receptor status should routinely be studied for its prognostic value, especially in female patients, and should be taken into account in tumor grading. The initial receptor status of a tumor may change in progression or recurrence of tumor.

scholarly journals Changes in Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening following the Extraction of Teeth with Advanced Periodontal Disease: A Retrospective Study Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zheng Cao ◽  
Jie Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Periodontal Disease ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mucosal Thickening ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Group 1

Objectives. To explore the alterations in maxillary sinus mucosal thickening after extracting teeth with severe periodontal disease using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. 30 patients with severe periodontal disease of maxillary posterior teeth that needed to be extracted and who were radiographically diagnosed with mucosal thickening (MT) in the maxillary sinus participated in the study. CBCT scans were taken before tooth extraction and 2-29 months after tooth extraction. The postextraction follow-up time was divided into two groups: group 1 (<4 months) and group 2 (≥4 months). Dimensions of maxillary sinus MT, including the MT zone length (SL) and the maximum thickness of the MT zone (ST), were evaluated preextraction and postextraction; the residual ridge height (RRH) was evaluated at the sites of extracted and nonextracted teeth. Result. Of the 24 patients with unilateral tooth extraction, there was a statistically significant difference in MT between the extraction and nonextraction sides ( p < 0.05 ). The RRH at the site of the extracted teeth was significantly lower than that of the nonextracted teeth ( p < 0.05 ). MT decreased significantly after tooth extraction on the extraction side but not on the nonextraction side. There was no significant difference between group 1 and group 2 regarding the reduction in mucosal thickness over time. Conclusions. Severe periodontitis can cause MT in the maxillary sinus. The RRH was lower at the sites of extracted teeth. MT reduced quickly by a thorough debridement after tooth extraction in 4 months. MT will not decrease further over time.

scholarly journals Maternal neurotic symptoms and infants' risk of developing persistent diarrhoea

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Humphreys ◽  
Magdalena Araya ◽  
Sylvia Cruchet ◽  
Julio Espinoza ◽  
Oscar Brunser
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Urban Families ◽  
Predictive Score ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Persistent Diarrhoea ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

A previously calculated predictive model for health risk selects infants who suffer 4-5 times more morbidity than their unselected peers. Preliminary results suggested that this risk is related to maternal neurotic symptomatology. To evaluate this hypothesis, 52 consecutive mothers whose infants had a positive predictive score (Group 1) and 52 in whom this was negative (Group 2) were evaluated by means of Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ - 30). A total of 41.9% and 20.5% of the mothers in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, scored above 11 points in GHQ-30, established as the cut off point. It is concluded that among poor urban families in Santiago mothers of infants with high risk of persistent diarrhoea have increased frequency of detectable neurotic symptoms. New programs aimed at this type of infant should include psychological support for their mothers.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

The influence of continuous local wound infusion on postoperative pain in patients undergoing transfemoral amputation

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Uhl ◽  
Thomas Betz ◽  
Andrea Rupp ◽  
Markus Steinbauer ◽  
Ingolf Töpel
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Stump Pain ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Summary: Background: This pilot study was set up to examine the effects of a continuous postoperative wound infusion system with a local anaesthetic on perioperative pain and the consumption of analgesics. Patients and methods: We included 42 patients in this prospective observational pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol and in addition to that received a continuous local wound infusion treatment (Group 1). Group 2 was treated with analgesics in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol, exclusively. Results: The study demonstrated a significantly reduced postoperative VAS score for stump pain in Group 1 for the first 5 days. Furthermore, the intake of opiates was significantly reduced in Group 1 (day 1, Group 1: 42.1 vs. Group 2: 73.5, p = 0.010; day 2, Group 1: 27.7 vs. Group 2: 52.5, p = 0.012; day 3, Group 1: 23.9 vs. Group 2: 53.5, p = 0.002; day 4, Group 1: 15.7 vs. Group 2: 48.3, p = 0.003; day 5, Group 1 13.3 vs. Group 2: 49.9, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups, neither in phantom pain intensity at discharge nor postoperative complications and death. Conclusions: Continuous postoperative wound infusion with a local anaesthetic in combination with a standard pain management protocol can reduce both stump pain and opiate intake in patients who have undergone transfemoral amputation. Phantom pain was not significantly affected.

Abnormal Haemostasis and Blood Viscosity in Malignant Hypertension

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Isles ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
B M Rankin ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
N Lucie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Malignant Hypertension ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

SummaryWe have previously shown abnormalities of haemostasis suggestive of intravascular coagulation in patients with malignant hypertension, a condition associated with retinopathy and renal fibrin deposition. To determine whether such abnormalities are specific to malignant hypertension, we have measured several haemostatic and haemorheological variables in 18 patients with malignant hypertension (Group 1), 18 matched healthy controls (Group 2), and 18 patients with non-malignant hypertension (Group 3) matched for renal pathology, blood pressure and serum creatinine with Group 1. Both Groups 1 and 3 had increased mean levels of fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, beta-thrombo- globulin, plasma viscosity and blood viscosity (corrected for haematocrit); and decreased mean levels of haematocrit, antithrombin III and platelet count. Mean levels of fast antiplasmin and alpha2-macroglobulin were elevated in Group 1 but not in Group 3. We conclude that most blood abnormalities are not specific to malignant hypertension; are also present in patients with non-malignant hypertension who have similar levels of blood pressure and renal damage; and might result from renal damage as well as promoting further renal damage by enhancing fibrin deposition. However increased levels of fibrinolytic inhibitors in malignant hypertension merit further investigation in relation to removal of renal fibrin.

Total Knee Arthroplasty after Previous Ipsilateral Hip Arthroplasty Showed Lower Clinical Outcomes and Higher Leg Length Discrepancy Perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jun Lee ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Nicolas Pujol ◽  
Yong-Beom Park
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Function Score ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Length Discrepancy ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ks Function ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare perception of leg length discrepancy (LLD) and clinical results of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in patients with or without previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Between 2008 and 2015, navigation-assisted TKA was performed in 43 patients with previous hip arthroplasty after hip fracture. After 1:3 propensity score matching was performed, 108 patients of primary navigation-assisted TKA (group 1) and 36 patients with hip arthroplasty (group 2) were included. Knee Society (KS) scores, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) scores, and patients' satisfaction including perception of LLD were evaluated. Radiographic evaluation included mechanical axis, component position, and LLD. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the factors that affect the clinical outcomes. No significant differences in radiologic and clinical evaluations, except for KS function score, patient's satisfaction and LLD (p< 0.001), were detected between the groups. LLD and its perception were significantly higher in group 2 (1.8 ± 3.4 mm in group 1 and 9.7 ± 4.1 mm in group 2, p = 0.000). Risk factors for the low KS function score were found as LLD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.403, p = 0.008) and previous hip arthroplasty itself (OR: 15.755, p = 0.002), but much higher OR was found in previous hip arthroplasty. Although the outcomes of TKA in patients with ipsilateral hip arthroplasty are comparable to those of primary TKA, LLD was high and patient's satisfaction and functional outcomes were low in patients with previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Care should be taken when considering TKA in patients with previous hip arthroplasty. This is a Level III, case control study.

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