The Relationship between the Index of Tongxin Seismic Window Opening and Medium-Strong Earthquakes in Ningxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (08) ◽  
pp. 685-692
Author(s):  
晓川 白
Keyword(s):  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Window Opening ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the deep-level structure in crust and brewing of strong earthquakes in Xingtai area

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan-Xi Xiao ◽  
Yuan-Qing Zhu ◽  
Shao-Quan Zhang ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Yu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Deep Level ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Earthquake-triggered landslides in southwest China

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Chen ◽  
Q. Zhou ◽  
H. Ran ◽  
R. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Southeastern Margin ◽  
Fault Belt ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Southwest China is located in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and it is a region of high seismic activity. Historically, strong earthquakes that occurred here usually generated lots of landslides and brought destructive damages. This paper introduces several earthquake-triggered landslide events in this region and describes their characteristics. Also, the historical data of earthquakes with a magnitude of 7.0 or greater, having occurred in this region, is collected and the relationship between the affected area of landslides and earthquake magnitude is analysed. Based on the study, it can be concluded that strong earthquakes, steep topography as well as fragile geological environment, are the main reasons responsible for serious landslides in southwest China. At the same time, it is found that the relationship between the area affected by landslides and the earthquake magnitude in this region are consistent with what has been obtained worldwide. Moreover, in this paper, it is seen that the size of the areas affected by landslides change enormously even under the same earthquake magnitude in the study region. While at the same tectonic place or fault belt, areas affected by landslides presented similar outline and size. This means that local geological conditions and historical earthquake background have an important influence on landslides distribution, and they should be considered when assessing earthquake-triggered landslide hazards at Grade 1 according to ISSMGE.

The Mechanism of the Earth's Epidermis Warming Caused by Exploitation of Fossil Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Dong Yin Han
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Continental Crust ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Earth Interior ◽  
Tectonic Activities

The techniques are referred to as analyzing the relationship between the events of the lithosphere getting thermal and the changes of weakened release energies of strong earthquakes that might be related with the ones of increased exploitation quantities of the global three-large fossil fuels of coal,oil and gas ,and the relationship between the events of earth crust expansion getting thermal with the accumulated increasing of the land crust expansion thickness from calculation and the accumulated increasing of fossil fuels being exploited,et al. The three mechanism-modes of earth's epidermis warming over the past 100 years since 1890 from earth interior changes with relation to fossil fuels being exploited were suggested that the weakened release energies of global strong earthquakes caused by the increasing of earth thermal stress energies and overall warming of lithosphere, the “weightlessness” and expansion and getting thermal of continental crust,the increasing of earth currents and heat quantities generated by added origid geological and tectonic activities in mining areas and earth's surface getting thermal.

Distribution of the number of strong earthquakes and the intensity of space rays during the solar activity cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery L. Yanchukovsky ◽  
◽  
Anastasiya Yu. Belinskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Solar Activity Cycle ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of Earth's seismicity with solar activity is investigated using the results of continuous long–term observations of cosmic ray intensity, solar activity and the number of strong earthquakes. Modulation of the flux of cosmic rays is used as information on the level of solar activity, processes on the Sun and interplanetary medium. The distribution of the number of sunspots, the intensity of cosmic rays and the number of strong earthquakes in the solar cycle is presented.

scholarly journals Multifractal Characteristics of Seismogenic Systems and b Values in the Taiwan Seismic Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Chun Hui ◽  
Changxiu Cheng ◽  
Lixin Ning ◽  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Seismic Region ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
B Values ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Relationship

Seismically active fault zones are complex natural systems and they exhibit multifractal correlation between earthquakes in space and time. In this paper, the seismicity of the Taiwan seismic region was studied through the multifractal characteristics of the spatial-temporal distribution of earthquakes from 1st January 1995 to 1st January 2019. We quantified the multifractal characteristics of Taiwan at different scales and defined them as ΔD values. Furthermore, we studied the relationship between the ΔD and b values, which signifies the average size distribution of those earthquakes. The results are as follows. (1) The temporal multifractal curve changes substantially before and after the strong earthquakes. (2) The maximum ΔD value of the seismic region in Taiwan occurs at depths of 0~9 km, indicating that geological structures and focal mechanisms is the most complex at these depths compared with other depths. (3) ΔD values for different regions range from 0.2~1.5, and b values range from 0.65~1.3, with a significant positive correlation between them (ΔD = 1.5 × b − 0.68). For this purpose, a statistical relationship is developed between b and ΔD values, and regional and temporal changes of these parameters are analyzed in order to reveal the potential of future earthquakes in the study region.

Post-earthquake assessment of moderately damaged reinforced concrete plastic hinges

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-321
Author(s):  
Kai Marder ◽  
Kenneth J. Elwood ◽  
Christopher J. Motter ◽  
G. Charles Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Plastic Hinges ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crack Widths ◽  
Earthquake Assessment

Modern reinforced concrete buildings are often designed to dissipate energy during strong earthquakes by permitting the controlled formation of plastic hinges. Plastic hinges require assessment of residual capacity in post-earthquake situations. However, few past studies have investigated this topic, and results from experiments focused on undamaged structures are not always transferable to post-earthquake situations. Data from an experimental program, in which both cyclic and earthquake-type loadings were applied to nominally identical reinforced concrete beams, are used to investigate the relationship between residual crack widths and rotation demands. Assessment of the peak deformation demands incurred during a damaging earthquake is critical for post-earthquake assessments, but residual crack widths are shown to be dependent on several factors in addition to the peak rotation demand. Non-dimensional metrics capturing the distribution of cracking are proposed as a more informative alternative. The reduction in stiffness that occurs as a result of earthquake-induced plastic hinging damage was also investigated. A proposed model is shown to give a lower-bound estimate of the residual stiffness following arbitrary earthquake-type loadings.

scholarly journals Solar activity and Earth seismicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-97
Author(s):  
Valery Yanchukovsky
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Solar Cosmic Rays ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Forbush Decreases ◽  
The Relationship

Using the results of continuous long-term observations over 50 years (including solar cycles 20–24), we study the relationship between Earth’s seismicity and solar activity. An increase in the number of strong earthquakes on the planet occurs during the decline phase of solar activity when charged particle fluxes from high-latitude coronal holes increase, as well as during solar minimum when the intensity of galactic cosmic rays reaches a maximum. The change in the number of strong earthquakes (with magnitude 6) is considered in terms of variations in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays, Forbush decreases, and ground level enhancements in solar cosmic rays (GLE events). The number of strong earthquakes is shown to increase after Forbush decreases with a time lag from ~1 to ~6 days depending on the amplitude of Forbush decrease and after GLE events the number of strong earthquakes increases by ~8 day. In the number of strong earthquakes, a six-month variation is observed, which seems to follow the six-month variation in cosmic rays with a delay of ~1–2 months. It is surmised that the relationship between solar activity and Earth’s seismicity seems to be mediated through the modulation of galactic cosmic rays and atmospheric processes that provoke the occurrence of earthquakes in regions where the situation has already been prepared by tectonic activity.

scholarly journals Solar activity and Earth seismicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Valery Yanchukovsky
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Solar Cosmic Rays ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Forbush Decreases ◽  
The Relationship

Using the results of continuous long-term observations over 50 years (including solar cycles 20–24), we study the relationship between Earth’s seismicity and solar activity. An increase in the number of strong earthquakes on the planet occurs during the decline phase of solar activity when charged particle fluxes from high-latitude coronal holes increase, as well as during solar minimum when the intensity of galactic cosmic rays reaches a maximum. The change in the number of strong earthquakes (with magnitude 6) is considered in terms of variations in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays, Forbush decreases, and ground level enhancements in solar cosmic rays (GLE events). The number of strong earthquakes is shown to increase after Forbush decreases with a time lag from ~1 to ~6 days depending on the amplitude of Forbush decrease and after GLE events the number of strong earthquakes increases by ~8 day. In the number of strong earthquakes, a six-month variation is observed, which seems to follow the six-month variation in cosmic rays with a delay of ~1–2 months. It is surmised that the relationship between solar activity and Earth’s seismicity seems to be mediated through the modulation of galactic cosmic rays and atmospheric processes that provoke the occurrence of earthquakes in regions where the situation has already been prepared by tectonic activity.

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