scholarly journals Iδεολογικές αντιπαραθέσεις στα Βαλκάνια. Η προπαγανδιστική χρήση της λατρείας του αγίου Δημητρίου (τέλη 12ου-13ος αι.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Στέλιος ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΥ
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The Subject

St Demetrius, the patron of Thessaloniki through the ages, became the subject of an ideological dispute between the second Bulgarian State and the Byzantine empire (end of 12th c. and throughout the 13th century).The Bulgarians and Vlachs of Haemus attempted to appropriate St Demetrius as the divine protector of their revolt (1185/1186).Τhe Byzantines challenged this founding ideology of the new Bulgarian regime by materialising tsar Ioannitzes' sudden death in front of Thessaloniki's walls (1207) and interpreting the Bulgarian king's end as one of Demetrius’ numerous miracles. According to the author, the Byzantine counter-narrative was not only based on the visualization of St Demetrius' miraculous intervention in 1207 and the new iconographical type of the martyr on horseback, spearing or unhorsing Ioannitzes, but also on Radomeros' miraculous murder presumably carried out by the same saint. This later miracle constitutes a conceived historical parallel to Ioannitzes' death.

Rīgas humānistu laikmets latviešu romānistu tēlojumā

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Ojārs Lāms
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Cultural Boundaries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traveling Circus

In the broad tradition of the Latvian historical novel, which has flourished in recent decades, the authors have a strong tendency to focus either on ancient history up to the 13th century or on events important to the Latvian nation in the 19th and 20th centuries. Writers are less interested in the era of humanism in the 16th and 17th centuries when the Latvian nation is still sprouting in the ground. However, these centuries have been crucial in defining the region’s geopolitical affiliation and cultural boundaries. From a broader diachronic view at Latvian novels, it can be stated that a number of Latvian writers, starting from the beginning of the 20th century, have tried to give a textual life to the humanist era in Livonia with various approaches to the historical novel thus creating a special set of texts to be called the Livonian text. Within the framework of this article, the view on the Livonian text consists of a review of 8 novels that have been written over more than a hundred years. They are not all texts on the subject but form a compact and representative sample in terms of theme, stylistics, and genre features. These texts are Andrievs Niedra’s (1871–1942) novel “When the Moon Wears Out” (Kad mēness dilst, 1902), Rutku Tēvs’s (1886–1961) “Rebellious Riga” (Dumpīgā Rīga, 1930) and “Mūksala Brothers” (Mūksalas brāļi, 1934), Astrīda Beināre’s (1937–2016) “Our Lady of Riga Monastery” (Rīgas Dievmātes klosteris, 1993), Aivars Kļavis’s (1953) tetralogy “Beyond the Gate” (Viņpus vārtiem), which consists of the novels “Jester of Adiaminde” (Adiamindes āksts, 2005), “Riga Humpback” (Rīgas kuprītis, 2007), “Ridiculed Soldier” (Piesmietais karavīrs, 2009), “Captives of the Traveling Circus” (Ceļojošā cirka gūstekņi, 2012).

scholarly journals Verses of Faith and Devotion. Seeing, Reading, and Touching Monumental Crucifixes with Inscriptions (12th–13th century)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 397-421
Author(s):  
Matko Matija Marušić
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Church ◽  
Insight Into

The paper discusses a group of monumental crucifixes from the 13th-century East Adriatic and Italy, pained or executed in low relief, that display a verse inscriptions on the transverse limb of the cross. The main scope of the paper is to examine the provenance of the text inscribed in order to yield clearer insight into their function, use and original location in the church interiors. The paper specifically aims at analyzing three monumental crucifixes from the East-Adriatic city of Zadar which, although have already been the subject of a respectable number of studies, have not attracted attention as objects of devotion. My interest, therefore, is turned towards verse inscription as their distinctive feature and, as I shall argue, a key aspect in understanding their function. Examining the nature of the text displayed, iconography and materiality of these crucifixes, my main argument is to demonstrate how these objects provoked a multi-faced response from their audience, since were experienced by seeing, hearing and touching respectively.

scholarly journals Mathematical-geographical intention in orienting mediaeval churches of the Serbian monastery Gradac

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Milutin Tadic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Mary ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Exact Analysis ◽  
John The Baptist ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

The subject of the paper is an exact analysis of the orientation of the Serbian monastery churches: the Church of the Virgin Mary (13th century), St. Nicholas' Church (13th century), and an early Christian church (6th century). The paper determines the azimuth of parallel axes in churches, and then the aberrations of those axes from the equinoctial east are interpreted. Under assumption that the axes were directed towards the rising sun, it was surmised that the early Christian church's patron saint could be St. John the Baptist, that the Church of the Virgin Mary was founded on Annunciation day to which it is dedicated, and that St. Nicholas' Church is oriented in accordance with the rule (?toward the sunrise?) even though its axis deviates from the equinoctial east by 41? degrees.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the morphology and hydrography of the centre of Kraków before the mid-13th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Łajczak ◽  
Roksana Zarychta
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Town ◽  
Surfer Software

The paper concerns investigations on urban geomorphology. The subject of the paper is the historic centre of Kraków (or Cracow) where the pre-human relief became masked due to the rapid increase in cultural deposits from the mid-13th century onwards. The aim of the investigation is the reconstruction of the original topography, relief and hydrography of this area based on rich sources of materials in papers and non-published data on geology, geoengineering, archaeology, history, and also on maps and panoramic drawings of the town. A digital elevation model has been generated, which showed the topography of the study area in the period before the mid-13th century. Structural analysis, cross validation test and estimation by ordinary kriging method were carried out. The final cartographic work was prepared with the use of QGIS and Surfer software. The distribution of landforms in the study area in the mid-13th century is presented as a proposed variant of the geomorphological map prepared by the authors. The former relief was evaluated in terms of its potential for encouraging settlement.

Araltes: The Evolution of a Varangian Stereotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sverrir Jakobsson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Old Norse ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Medieval Romances ◽  
The Subject

In Old Norse texts, the legend of the Varangian is part of a larger trend in a positive textual relationship between the Nordic world and the Byzantine Empire. In this article, the subject of analysis is the evolution of the Varangian legend through the character of one of the best known Varangians, King Haraldr of Norway. The development of the narrative of Haraldr, from the earliest near-contemporary narratives to high medieval and late medieval romances, will be traced and used to highlight the evolution of the discourse on the Varangians and the development of certain narrative stereotypes.

Lakṣmī

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-303
Author(s):  
Saswati Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New Woman ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The New Woman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Good Wife ◽  
The Times

In Bengal, Lakṣmī bratakathās begin to appear from the middle of the eighteenth century and proliferate in a standardized format from the next century. This representation of the goddess, as a domestic deity, is a mark of the times—especially the debut of the ‘new woman’—as the Lakṣmī lore had long been in circulation. The moral centre of these bratakathās is the good wife of caste-patriarchal construction who is assumed to be a monolithic ideal for all gathered under the term Hindu. The by-product of the nascent discourse of nationalism in its search for the autonomous space of the subject body is better understanding of the importance of the domestic sphere, and the Hindu wife. However, this understanding clouds the fact that the goddess had several independent cults. This construction cannot be understood in exclusion to the popularity of Rādhā whose representation presents almost a counter-narrative to the golden conjugality of Lakṣmī.

Les Communia super Priscianum minorem

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 331-354
Author(s):  
René Létourneau
Keyword(s):  
13Th Century ◽  
General Science ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Subject

Summary The teaching of syntax in the 13th-century university was based on the last two books of Priscian of Caesarea’s Institutiones Grammaticae (c.500 A.D.). Following the order proposed by Priscian, the medieval grammarian first studies orthography, which deals with the constituent parts of the word (dictio), then etymology, which is concerned with the word in itself (simpliciter) and its grammatical accidents, and finally diasynthetic or syntax, which discusses the construction of words as constituents of a sentence (oratio). Each of these particular sciences (orthography, etymology and diasynthetic) has its own particular subject, which is, as some philosophers believe, predicated of the subject of the general science according to the aim it purports to achieve. Written probably in the first half of the 1250s in an academic philosophical environment, the Communia super Priscianum minorem, a subsection and the culmination of the Communia super totam gramaticam, are interesting, among other things, in that they specify the epistemological relation that links syntax to the science of grammar in general. In a polemical effort to dismiss the sentence (oratio) as the subject of diasynthetic, the unknown author of the Communia opens the section of syntax with a discussion which aims to establish the “word in relation with another according to their accidental compatibility or incompatibility” as the real subject of syntax, doing so in a typically Aristotelian way.

ON MENELAUS' SPHERICS III.5 IN ARABIC MATHEMATICS, II: NAṢĪR AL-DĪN AL-ṬŪSĪ AND IBN ABĪ JARRĀDA

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshdi Rashed ◽  
Athanase Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Geometry ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

AbstractIn his Sphaerica, Menelaus did not prove Proposition III.5 which is particularly important. He only gave an outline of a proof. Once the Sphaerica were translated into Arabic, mathematicians, starting from the end of the 9th century on, took up this proof. That was made possible to Ibn ʿIrāq thanks to the development of spherical geometry. A first paper contained the history of his contribution. Two other mathematicians, from the 13th century – Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī and Ibn Abī Jarrāda – worked out again the proof of the proposition with the help of Menelaus' book and of the new acquisitions of Ibn ʿIrāq. This is the subject of this second paper.

scholarly journals TRANSLATING THE SUBALTERN’ : A STUDY OF SARA JOSEPH'S RAMAYANA STORIES AUTHOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Keyword(s):  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Gayatri Spivak ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Act

Gayatri Spivak, in her essay Can the Subaltern Speak? raises doubts about the recovery of the subaltern voice which can, in her words, 'know and speak itself. ''The Ramayana is a living, evolving tradition which has given rise to a multiplicity of innovative retellings. One of such retellings is Sara Joseph's ' Ramayana Stories', originally written in Malayalam and translated into English. The focus in this paper is on three stories written by Sara Joseph based on three different characters from the Ramayana, namely Sita, Sambooka and Soorpanakha. They are characters who are generally seen as marginalized. Undoubtedly, the subaltern becomes the subject in these stories, providing, in its own delicate manner, an answer to the question ' Can the subaltern speak'? The paper is also an attempt to look at translation as a political act which is able to make sense of the counter narrative to the " historical silencing of the subaltern."

scholarly journals On psychosis in twins

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063-1067
Author(s):  
V. V. Shostakovich
Keyword(s):  
Special Form ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
External Structure ◽  
First Case ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
The Subject

Twins have always attracted attention and aroused interest, both because of their relative rarity, and equally because of their inherent characteristics. From the side of their external structure, they have been the subject of study for a very long time (for example, the Hungarian sisters Judith and Elena were described in sufficient detail and accurately at the beginning of the 13th century). The psychoses observed in twins attracted attention much later: the first case of such recorded in the literature refers to 1812 and belongs to Rsh. Then, from time to time, descriptions of individual cases appeared, and the attention of the authors was directed to Ch. arr. on the similarity of the psychopathic picture in twins. Although these descriptions were in most cases somewhat accidental, nevertheless the accumulated material allowed Ball in 1884 in De la folie gemellaire to make an attempt to single out a special form of twin psychosis, which he called "Folie gemellaire". When constructing his form, he proceeded from the assumption of the identity of psychosis in both twins, therefore, the main features of Folie gemellaire, in his opinion, were: 1) the simultaneous manifestation of seizures, 2) parallelism in relation to delirium and other mental abnormalities, 3) self-origin delirium in each of the individuals affected by it (cited by Dеjеrіnе).

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