scholarly journals Διαπολιτισμικές συγκρίσεις του διαδικτυακού εκφοβισμού (cyberbullying) μεταξύ ευρωπαϊκών χωρών

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Καλλιόπη Αθανασίου
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Youth Self Report

Εισαγωγή και Σκοπός: Η αυξανόμενη χρήση του Διαδικτύου και των ιστοσελίδων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης έχει δημιουργήσει ένα νέο έδαφος για την κοινωνικο-συναισθηματική ανάπτυξη των εφήβων. Ο στόχος της παρούσας συγχρονικής μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση του επιπολασμού της διαδικτυακής θυματοποίησης σε επτά Ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, σε σχέση με κοινωνικο-δημογραφικές και ψυχοκοινωνικές μεταβλητές καθώς και σε σχέση με τη χρήση του διαδικτύου. Υλικό και Μέθοδος: Μία συγχρονική σχολική μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε στις συμμετέχουσες χώρες: Γερμανία, Ελλάδα, Ισλανδία, Ολλανδία, Πολωνία, Ρουμανία και Ισπανία. Αυτό-αναφερόμενα ανώνυμα ερωτηματολόγια περιελάμβαναν κοινωνικο-δημογραφικά στοιχεία, χαρακτηριστικά διαδικτυακής χρήσης, σχολική επίδοση, γονεϊκό έλεγχο, ερωτηματολόγιο για τον διαδικτυακό εθισμό και τα συναισθηματικά και συμπεριφορικά προβλήματα εκτιμήθηκαν με την Κλίμακα Εκτίμησης της Ψυχοκοινωνικής Κατάστασης Youth Self Report (ΥSR). Για την εύρεση ανεξάρτητων παραγόντων που σχετίζονται με το διαδικτυακό εκφοβισμό σε κάθε χώρα έγιναν μοντέλα μονοπαραγοντικής και πολυπαραγοντικής λογαριθμιστικής παλινδρόμησης. Αποτελέσματα: Τα υψηλότερα ποσοστά επιπολασμού της διαδκτυακής θυματοποίησης εντοπίστηκαν στη Ρουμανία ενώ τα χαμηλότερα στην Ισπανία. Πολλαπλές αναλύσεις λογιστικής παλινδρόμησης έδωσαν διαφορετικά αποτελέσματα μεταξύ των χωρών. Στη Ρουμανία, την Πολωνία και τη Γερμανία η θυματοποίηση μέσω διαδικτυακού εκφοβισμού συνδέθηκε με τη χρήση των κοινωνικών δικτύων, ενώ η χρήση του διαδικτύου συνδέθηκε με αυξημένες πιθανότητες διαδικτυακής θυματοποίησης μόνο στη Ρουμανία. Η διαδικτυακή θυματοποίηση συνδέθηκε με μεγαλύτερου βαθμού με συμπεριφορές εσωτερικευμένων προβλημάτων (internalizing problems) σε όλες τις χώρες που αναλύθηκαν και με συμπεριφορές εξωτερικευμένων προβλημάτων (externalizing problems) σε όλες τις χώρες εκτός της Ρουμανίας. Συμπεράσματα: Η διαδικτυακή θυματοποίηση είναι πρόβλημα που εξελίσσεται και εξαρτάται από ειδικούς κοινωνικο-δημογραφικούς παράγοντες που διαφέρουν από χώρα σε χώρα, καθώς και από ποικίλα μοτίβα της χρήσης και εξέλιξης του Διαδικτύου. Τα μέτρα πρόληψης που θα ληφθούν θα πρέπει να προωθήσουν την ενσωμάτωση των νέων Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνίας (ΤΠΕ) στο εκπαιδευτικό πλαίσιο και να εστιάσουν στη συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στην διαδικτυακή θυματοποίηση και στα εσωτερικευμένα και εξωτερικευμένα προβλήματα.

The trajectories of child’s internalizing and externalizing problems, social competence and adolescent self-reported problems in a Finnish normal population sample

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Korhonen ◽  
Ilona Luoma ◽  
Raili K. Salmelin ◽  
Mika Helminen ◽  
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
School Psychologists ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Group-based modeling techniques are increasingly used in developmental studies to explore the patterns and co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing problems. Social competence has been found to reciprocally influence internalizing and externalizing problems, but studies on its associations with different patterns of these problems are scarce. Using data from a Finnish longitudinal normal population sample, trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems were formed using the Child Behavior Checklist completed by the mother at the child’s age of 4- to 5-years-old, 8- to 9-years-old, and 16- to 17-years-old ( N = 261). The results indicate that adolescent’s self-reported internalizing and externalizing problems based on the Youth Self Report were associated with the trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems. Social competence both in early childhood and in adolescence was poorer among children with chronic internalizing problems and among those with adolescent-onset externalizing problems. One-third of the children who had a chronically high level of internalizing problems had an initially high but decreasing level of externalizing problems, while 33% of the adolescents with adolescent-onset externalizing problems had a chronically high level of internalizing problems. School psychologists are encouraged to screen for internalizing problems from children with behavioral, academic or social problems.

Psychopathology in young adults born at extremely low birth weight

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1763-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Boyle ◽  
V. Miskovic ◽  
R. Van Lieshout ◽  
L. Duncan ◽  
L. A. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth

BackgroundLittle is known about the long-term mental health of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) (<1000 g) survivors. We test whether young adults aged 22 to 26 years born at ELBW differ from normal birth weight (NBW) controls in self-reported levels of psychopathology.MethodParticipants included 142 ELBW survivors (86% response) born between 1977 and 1982 to residents of central-west Ontario, Canada and 133 NBW control subjects (92% response). The Young Adult Self-Report measure was used to create five DSM-IV oriented scales aggregated to form internalizing (depressive problems, anxiety problems, avoidant personality problems) and externalizing (attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder problems and antisocial personality problems) scales.ResultsAfter adjusting for family background characteristics, mean scores for ELBW survivors were 3.02 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–5.26] points higher for internalizing problems and no different, i.e. 0.00 (95% CI −1.17 to 1.17), for externalizing problems. There was a sex×group statistical interaction such that being male muted the risk for externalizing problems among those born at ELBW: −2.11 (95% CI −4.21 to −0.01). Stratifying ELBW adults as born small for gestational age (SGA) versus appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA) revealed a significant gradient of risk for levels of internalizing problems that was largest for SGA, i.e. 4.75 (95% CI 1.24–8.26), and next largest for AGA, 2.49 (95% CI 0.11–4.87), compared with NBW controls.ConclusionsDepression, anxiety and avoidant personality problems (internalizing problems) are elevated in young adulthood among ELBW survivors. This effect is relatively small overall but noticeably larger among ELBW survivors born SGA.

Method Matters: Comparing Cancer-Related Adjustment of Siblings to Norms and Well-matched Peers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saori C Tomatsu ◽  
Caroline Stanley ◽  
Rowena Conroy ◽  
Melissa A Alderfer
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective  The purpose of this study was to better understand conflicting findings in the literature regarding the adjustment of siblings of children with cancer by examining, in a single sample, differences in patterns of results as a function of reporter and comparator used (i.e., population norms, demographically matched classmates). Method  Self- and parent-report standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and behavioral problems were collected for 67 siblings and 67 demographically matched classmates. Comparisons were made to norms and controls. Results  Siblings consistently demonstrated poorer psychosocial functioning than their demographically matched peers across all measures but their scores did not differ from norms. A significantly greater percentage of siblings fell outside the normal range than that expected in the general population for parent-reported total and internalizing problems, but not for externalizing problems or the self-report measures. Conclusions  Findings regarding the psychological adjustment of siblings of children with cancer differ according to the research methods used. It is important to use rigorous methods such as demographically matched peer comparisons when investigating the impact of childhood cancer on siblings.

scholarly journals Parental Marital Conflict and Growth in Adolescents’ Externalizing Problems: the Role of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Peng ◽  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Zhenhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Speech Task ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems

AbstractPrevious studies have examined the moderating effect of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) on the association between marital conflict and externalizing problems, however the findings were inconsistent. One possible reason is that the covariation of internalizing problems in externalizing problems. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine this issue. Participants were 332 Chinese adolescents (54.5% boys) age from 13 to 15 years old. At T1, electrocardiogram monitoring was performed on adolescents during the resting state and stressor tasks (a speech task and a mental arithmetic task) to obtain RSA data. The Chinese version of the Achenbach Youth Self-Report-2001 (YSR-2001) and the Chinese version of the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict scale were used to assess adolescents’ externalizing and internalizing problems and their perception of marital conflict, respectively. Adolescents’ problem behaviors were assessed again in the second and third waves of data collection, with a 1-year lag among each wave. The results revealed that the 3- interactions of marital conflict × RSA reactivity in speech task × sex significantly predicted the trajectory of externalizing problems when controlling for internalizing problems from externalizing problems. Specifically, girls with greater RSA suppression to the speech task reported low and stable externalizing problems, however, boys with the same pattern were associated with slightly increased levels of externalizing problems. While, RSA augmentation to the speech task predicted the increase in externalizing problems among both girls and boys in high marital conflict families over time. However, this interaction effects were not significant when not partial out internalizing problems from externalizing problems. The findings highlight the importance of controlling for the covariation of internalizing problems when examining the interaction effects of person and environment on the development of adolescents’ externalizing problems.

Religiosity and mental health of pre-adolescents with psychiatric problems and their parents: The TRAILS study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. van der Jagt-Jelsma ◽  
M.R. de Vries-Schot ◽  
Rint de Jong ◽  
C.A. Hartman ◽  
F.C. Verhulst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescent Religiosity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

AbstractBackground:This study investigated the association between the religiosity of parents and pre-adolescents, and pre-adolescents’ psychiatric problems.Method:In a clinic-referred cohort of 543 pre-adolescents at least once referred to a mental health outpatient clinic mental health problems were assessed using self-reports (Youth Self-Report; YSR), parent reports (Child Behavior Checklist; CBCL), and teacher reports (Teacher's Report Form; TRF) of child behavioral and emotional problems. Paternal, maternal, and pre-adolescent religiosity were assessed by self-report. MANCOVAs were performed for internalizing and externalizing problems as dependent variables, with maternal religiosity, paternal religiosity, pre-adolescent religiosity, parental religious harmony, and gender as independent variables, and socioeconomic status and divorce as covariates.Results:Internalizing problems. Pre-adolescents of actively religious mothers had more internalizing symptoms than pre-adolescents of nonreligious mothers. Harmony and gender did not significantly affect the association between maternal religiosity and internalizing problems. Externalizing problems. No associations between religiosity of pre-adolescents, religiosity of mothers, religiosity of fathers and/or harmony of parents and externalizing problem behavior have been found.Discussion and conclusions:Overall, associations between mental health and religiosity were modest to absent. Results are discussed in the context of a clinic-referred cohort, the quest phase of internalizing religious beliefs and role modeling of parents.

scholarly journals BESIFORMUOJANČIŲ SUAUGUSIŲJŲ PROBLEMINIO ELGESIO, VAIDMENŲ KAITOS MEILĖS IR DARBO SRITYSE BEI SUAUGUSIAM ASMENIUI BŪDINGŲ SAVYBIŲ ĮGIJIMO RYŠIAI

Psichologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
R. Vosylis ◽  
S. Raižienė ◽  
R. Žukauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Work Commitment ◽  
Role Changes ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

  nemažai diskutuojama apie ilgėjantį laikotarpį, per kurį iš paauglystės pereinama į suaugusiojo gyvenimo tarpsnį. Taip pat diskutuojama apie tai, kad Vakarų šalyse suaugusio asmens statusas, ypač jaunuolių akimis, yra siejamas ne tiek su vaidmenų kaita, pavyzdžiui, mokslų baigimu ar tapimu tėvais, kiek su asmens savybių, kaip antai nepriklausomybė ar savarankiškumas, įgijimu. Šis laiko tarpsnis tarp paauglystės ir jauno suaugusiojo amžiaus taip pat pasižymi nemaža emocinių ir elgesio sunkumų kaita, kuri vyksta kartu su vaidmenų pokyčiais, bei suaugusio asmens savybių įgijimu. Tyrimų, nagrinėjančių, kaip probleminis elgesys, vaidmenų kaita ir suaugusio asmens savybių įgijimas yra susiję, netrūksta, tačiau maža tokių, kurie nagrinėtų šių kintamųjų ryšius kartu paėmus. Šiuo tyrimu ir siekta įvertinti besiformuojančių Lietuvos suaugusiųjų emocinių ir elgesio sunkumų, įsipareigojimo partneriui ir darbinei karjerai bei suaugusiojo bruožų įgijimo ryšius.Tyrimo dalyviai buvo atrinkti patogiosios imties būdu. Tyrime dalyvavo 241 tiriamasis – 198 merginos ir 43 vaikinai. Vidutinis tiriamųjų amžius buvo 22,22 metų (st. nuokr. – 2,91). Tiriamieji atsakė į interneto svetainėje paskelbtą anketą, kurioje buvo pateiktas J. J. Arnett (2003) klausimynas, vertinantis suaugusio asmens kriterijų svarbą, taip pat papildomi klausimai apie tai, kiek asmuo atitinka šiuos kriterijus. Anketoje taip pat buvo pateiktas ASR (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2003) klausimynas, skirtas įvertinti suaugusiųjų emocinius ir elgesio sunkumus. Remiantis tuo, ką tyrimo dalyviai įvardijo svarbiais suaugusio asmens kriterijais, ir tuo, kaip įvardijo, kiek tuos kriterijus yra įvykdę, buvo sudarytos trys skalės, rodančios suaugusio asmens bruožų įgijimą: pasiektą nepriklausomybę nuo tėvų, pasiektą normų paisymą ir įgytas kompetencijas rūpintis šeima. Taip pat panašiu būdu buvo sudaryti du kintamieji, rodantys įsipareigojimą partneriui ir darbinei karjerai.Tyrimo metu buvo atskleista, kad jaunuolių tiek įsipareigojimas darbinei karjerai, tiek partneriui yra neigiamai susijęs su nerimo ir depresijos sunkumais, tačiau įsipareigojimas darbinei karjerai yra teigiamai susijęs su erzinančiu elgesiu. Didesnė nepriklausomybė yra neigiamai susijusi su nerimo ir depresijos sunkumais ir užsisklendimu. Prognozuojant nerimo ir depresijos sunkumus, kai yra atsižvelgiama į suaugusio asmens bruožų įgijimą, įsipareigojimo darbinei karjerai bei partneriui efektas išnyksta. Prognozuojant erzinantį elgesį, įsipareigojimas darbinei karjerai išlieka reikšmingas veiksnys net ir tada, kai atsižvelgiama į suaugusiojo savybių įgijimą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: probleminis elgesys, besiformuojančio suaugusiojo raidos tarpsnis, vaidmenų kaita, suaugusįjį žyminčių kriterijų atitikimas.Relationships between problem behaviors, role changes in areas of work, love, and achievement of adult character qualities among emerging adultsVosylis R., Raižienė S., Žukauskienė R. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the relationships between externalizing and internalizing problems, partner and work commitment, and the achievement of adult character qualities. A sample of 241 Lithuanian emerging adults participated in the study (mean age 22.22, SD = 2.91, 198 women and 43 men). Participants filled an internet-based questionnaire which consisted of Arnett’s questionnaire on adulthood criteria, additional questions on achieving these criteria, and the Adult Self-report questionnaire which measures internalizing and externalizing problems. Both partner and work commitments were found to be negatively related to anxiety / depression problems, and commitment to work was positively related to intrusive behavior. Achievement of independence was negatively related with anxiety / depression and withdrawal problems. The effect of commitment to work and to partner on anxiety / depression and the effect of commitment to partner on withdrawal was suppressed when it was controlled for achieving independence. Commitment to work positively predicts a more intrusive behavior even when achieving adult character qualities is taken into account.Keywords: problem behavior, emerging adulthood, role changes, achievement of adulthood criteria

scholarly journals The Correlation between affective Temperaments and Internalizing Problems Reported by Adolescents of Age 14-18 Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
MA. Niman Bardhi ◽  
Dr.Sc. Mimoza Shahini
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Significant Difference

Internalizing problems are characterized by anxiety, depressed mood, social withdrawal, and somatic complaints. Childhood internalizing problems are a concerning mental health issue due to their continuity into adolescence and associated functional impairment. This study focused on studying the relation between affective temperaments and internalizing problems, in a sample of adolescents in the community. There has been very little research in mental health problems in children and adolescents in Kosovo.The aim of this study was to identify the link between affective temperaments with youth psychopathology, by measuring both temperament with Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS) and youth psychopathology with Youth Self Report (YSR) in the Kosovo sample. Our study found that depressive, cyclothymic, anxious, and irritiative temperaments were more displayed in female respondents. Meanwhile, hyperthermic temperament was not found to be reported as interrelated to gender.However, gender related differences were significant on the YSR scales, with female respondents reporting higher values on those scales. The study found that there is a significant difference between the groups with normal scores on Depressive Temperament with group with high scores for all scales of Internalizing problems. More scores in Depressive Temperament more scores in Internalizing Scales.The same tendencies were found for Cyclothimic Temperament and Anxious temperament. Hyperthermic temperament was not found to have significant effect on Anxious/ Depressed, Withdrawn, Somatic Complaints, and Social Problem. Irritative temperament was found to have significant effect only in Anxious/ Depressed F (2) = 13.1, p<.01, η2= .03.The higher scores in Anxious/ Depressed scores were found in the group with high scores in Irritative Temperament. The study concluded that temperament may only be one of several factors contributing to the development of psychopathology. This study found that the temperament, which is influenced by environment and biology, is a significant predictor for internalizing problems.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Middle Childhood Is Related to Behavior Problems in Adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia L Robinson ◽  
Constanza Marín ◽  
Henry Oliveros ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Betsy Lozoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
And Behavior

ABSTRACT Background Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with depression and schizophrenia in adults. The effect of VDD in childhood on behavioral development is unknown. Objectives We aimed to study the associations of VDD and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in middle childhood with behavior problems in adolescence. Methods We quantified plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and DBP in 273 schoolchildren aged 5–12 y at recruitment into a cohort study in Bogota, Colombia. Externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were assessed after a median 6-y follow-up by parental report [Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)] and self-report [Youth Self-Report (YSR)]. We estimated mean problem score differences with 95% CIs between exposure categories using multivariable linear regression. We also compared the prevalence of clinical behavior problems (score &gt;63) between exposure groups. We assessed whether the associations between DBP and behavior problems were mediated through VDD. Results Mean ± SD CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores were 56.5 ± 9.3 and 53.2 ± 9.5, respectively. Internalizing problems scores averaged 57.1 ± 9.8 and 53.7 ± 9.8, respectively. VDD [25(OH)D &lt;50 nmol/L] prevalence was 10.3%. VDD was associated with an adjusted 6.0 (95% CI: 3.0, 9.0) and 3.4 (95% CI: 0.1, 6.6) units higher CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores, respectively, and an adjusted 3.6 (95% CI: 0.3, 6.9) units higher CBCL internalizing problems scores. The prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.1) times higher in children with VDD than that in children without VDD. DBP concentration below the population median was related to higher YSR aggressive behavior and anxious/depressed subscale scores and to higher prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems. The associations between DBP and behavior problems were not mediated through VDD. Conclusions VDD and low DBP in middle childhood are related to behavior problems in adolescence.

scholarly journals PRÁCTICAS EDUCATIVAS DE LOS PADRES Y PROBLEMAS DE AJUSTE EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Mª De la Villa Carpio Fernández ◽  
María Cruz García Linares ◽  
Pedro Félix Casanova Arias ◽  
María Teresa Cerezo Rusillo
Keyword(s):  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Inductive Discipline ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract.PARENT EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES AND ADJUSTMENT PROBLEMS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTSThis study aims to analyze the relationships between affection / rejection and the types of discipline that show both the father and the mother and the internalizing and externalizing problems reported by university students. The Escala de Afecto «EA» and the Escala de Normas y Exigencias «ENE» (Fuentes, Motrico and Bersabé, 1999; Bersabé, Fuentes and Motrico, 2001) were applied in their version for children (EAInternational H and ENE-H). We also use the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 1991) by the proposal of Ivanova et al. (2007), who group the items into eight síndromes. Five of these eight categories are grouped into two dimensions: internalizing problems (anxious / depressed, introverted / depressed and somatic complaints) and externalizing problems (delinquent behavior and aggressive behavior). The results indicate that both affection and the inductive discipline of parents are positive practices that correlate negatively with some of the problems analyzed. On the contrary, negative practices, such as rejection and rigid discipline of both father and mother, are positively related to most of the problems analyzed.Key words: educational practices, adjustment problems, college studentsResumen.Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las relaciones entre el afecto/rechazo y los tipos de disciplina que muestran tanto el padre como la madre y los problemas internalizantes y externalizantes que informan los estudiantes universitarios. Se aplicaron la Escala de Afecto «EA» y la Escala de Normas y Exigencias «ENE» (Fuentes, Motrico y Bersabé, 1999; Bersabé, Fuentes y Motrico, 2001) en su versión para hijos (EA-H y ENEH), así como el Youth Self- Report (Achenbach (1991) mediante la propuesta de Ivanova et al., (2007) quienes agrupan los ítems en ocho síndromes. Cinco de estas ocho categorías se agrupan en dos dimensiones más amplias: problemas internalizantes (ansioso/depresivo, introvertido/depresivo y quejas somáticas) y problemas externalizantes (infringir las normas y conducta agresiva). Los resultados indican que tanto el afecto como la disciplina inductiva de los padres constituyen prácticas positivas que correlacionan negativamente con algunos de los problemas analizados. Por el contrario, las prácticas negativas, tales como el rechazo y la disciplina rígida tanto del padre como de la madre, se relacionan positivamente con la mayoría de los problemas analizados.Palabras clave: prácticas educativas, problemas de ajuste, alumnos universitarios

The impact of child maltreatment and psychopathology on neuroendocrine functioning

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE CICCHETTI ◽  
FRED A. ROGOSCH
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Maltreated Children ◽  
Clinical Level ◽  
Neuroendocrine Functioning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Cortisol regulation was investigated in a sample of school-aged maltreated (n = 167) and demographically comparable low-income nonmaltreated (n = 204) boys and girls in the context of a day camp research program. The presence of clinical-level internalizing and clinical-level externalizing symptomatology was determined through adult report and child self report. Children who exhibited clinical-level internalizing problems only, clinical-level externalizing problems only, and comorbid clinical-level internalizing and externalizing problems were identified. Clinical-level cases were more prevalent among the maltreated children. Maltreated children with clinical-level internalizing problems were distinguished by higher morning, afternoon, and average daily cortisol levels across the week of camp attendance. In contrast, nonmaltreated boys with clinical-level externalizing problems emerged as distinct in terms of low levels of morning and average daily levels of cortisol. Maltreated children with comorbid clinical-level internalizing and externalizing problems were more likely not to show the expected diurnal decrease in cortisol. The findings are discussed in terms of the joint impact of maltreatment and different forms of psychopathology on neuroendocrine regulation.

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