scholarly journals Preliminary study in the use of electric current for the control of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Niamouris ◽  
Panagiota Psirofonia
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Heavy Infestation

The use of electric current is being studied as a method to control Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The infested palm trees were pruned according to the severity of the infestation (heavy infestation requires more intense pruning). Then, electrolytes were injected into the palm trees to elevate conductivity. Electric current of specific voltage and amperage was coursed through the palm trees, using specifically designed electrodes; Electric current was applied for 20 min to 1 hour depending on the severity of the infestation and the size of the palm tree. A small number of palm trees were shocked, some of which were monitored for side effects due to the shock while others were cut down to monitor pest mortality rates. Larvae were collected and placed in entomological cages. A large percentage of larvae were killed after the shock, while the others showed difficulties in their movement. Six days later 84.78 % of larvae and 96.48 % of pupae were killed but practically all of the adults survived. Electric current has never been used in this way to control insects before.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF INVASIVE PEST, RED PALM WEEVIL RHYNCHOPHORUS FERRUGINEUS (OLIVIER, 1790) (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) POPULATION IN IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Alderawii ◽  
◽  
Aqeel A. Alyousuf ◽  
Samir A. Hasan ◽  
Jasim K. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Management Protocol

The Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) is a devastating invasive pest of palm trees, invading the Iraqi date palm tree in 2015 for the first time in Safwan county, Basrah province. The Red Palm weevil has been categorized as a quarantine pest of date palm trees worldwide. In this study, a five years monitoring program has been achieved by scouting the invasive pest RPW population in Safwan county by using visual sampling and Pheromone baited traps. The results indicated that the number of infested palms, increased from 12 trees in 2015 to 111 in 16 orchards in 2016. The number of the infested palms was minimized to 3 trees in the county in 2019 due to the management protocol of the Ministry of Agriculture. Furthermore, the results of RPW adults appeared monthly in the county with two activity peaks during the moderate-temperature-months. In conclusion, the quarantine and management protocol of RPW decreased the population of the invasive pest which did not spread to other districts of Iraq.

scholarly journals Pheromone receptor of the globally invasive quarantine pest of the palm tree, the red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binu Antony ◽  
Jibin Johny ◽  
Nicolas Montagné ◽  
Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly ◽  
Rémi Capoduro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Pheromone Receptor ◽  
Pheromone Detection ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Palm Weevil

AbstractPalm trees are of immense economic, sociocultural, touristic and patrimonial significance all over the world, and date palm-related knowledge, traditions and practices are now included in UNESCO’s list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Of all the pests that infest these trees, the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is its primary enemy. The RPW is a category-1 quarantine insect pest that causes enormous economic losses in the cultivation of palm trees worldwide. The RPW synchronizes mass gathering on the palm tree for feeding and mating, regulated by a male-produced pheromone composed of two methyl-branched compounds, (4RS,5RS)-4-methylnonan-5-ol (ferrugineol) and 4(RS)-methylnonan-5-one (ferrugineone). Despite the importance of odorant detection in long-range orientation towards palm trees, palm colonization and mating, nothing regarding the molecular mechanisms of pheromone detection in this species is known. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of the first RPW pheromone receptor, RferOR1. Using gene silencing and functional expression in Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons, we demonstrate that RferOR1 is tuned to both ferrugineol and ferrugineone and binds five other structurally related molecules. We reveal the lifetime expression of RferOR1, which correlates with adult mating success irrespective of age, a factor that could explain the wide distribution and spread of this pest. As palm weevils are challenging to control based on conventional methods, elucidation of the mechanisms of pheromone detection opens new routes for mating disruption and the early detection of this pest via the development of pheromone receptor-based biosensors.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in Greece and Cyprus and the risk against the native greek palm tree Phoenix theophrasti

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Kontodimas ◽  
P.G. Milonas ◽  
V. Vassiliou ◽  
N. Thymakis ◽  
D. Economou
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleopiera: Curculionidae), is the most important pest of palm trees in the world. In the last decade R. ferrugineus has invaded the Mediterranean basin where it causes severe damage in date palm cultivations as well as in ornamental palm trees. R. ferrugineus has been found for first time in Greece in Hersonissos (Heraklion district, Crete) infesting Phoenix canariensis, on November 11th, 2005 and for first time in Cyprus in Limassol district on August 20th, 2006, infesting also P. canariensis. Afterwards, R. ferrugineus has been found in Rhodos island, Greece, on 15/9/2006 and in Oropos and Ellinikon (Attiki district, Greece) on 5/12/2006 and 27/12/2006 respectively, infesting mainly P. canariensis. In Cyprus it has also been found in October 2006 in Larnaca, Famagusta and Paphos districts. In laboratory experimentation the susceptibility of the native Greek palm tree Phoenix theophrasti in R. ferrugineus was proved.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Microbial Communities of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Red Palm Weevil)-Infected and Healthy Palm Trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Alshammari ◽  
Meshari Alazmi ◽  
Naimah A. Alanazi ◽  
Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman ◽  
Vajid N. Veettil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Healthy Tree ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Infected Tree ◽  
Palm Weevil

AbstractSeveral studies have investigated palm trees’ microbiota infected with red palm weevil (RPW) (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus), the major pest of palm trees. This study compared the microbial communities of infected and uninfected palm trees in the Hail region, Northern Saudi Arabia, determined by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing by Illumina MiSeq. The results indicated that taxonomic diversity variation was higher for infected tree trunk than the healthy tree trunk. Soil samples from the vicinity of healthy and infected trees did not have a significant variation in bacterial diversity. Myxococcota, Acidobacteriota, and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla in RPW-infected tree trunk, and Pseudomonadaceae was the most prominent family. This study is the first report on the characterization of RPW-infected and healthy palm trees’ microbiome.

scholarly journals Haplotype-resolved genome assembly enables gene discovery in the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme B. Dias ◽  
Musaad A. Altammami ◽  
Hamadttu A. F. El-Shafie ◽  
Fahad M. Alhoshani ◽  
Mohamed B. Al-Fageeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Palm Weevil

AbstractThe red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an economically-important invasive species that attacks multiple species of palm trees around the world. A better understanding of gene content and function in R. ferrugineus has the potential to inform pest control strategies and thereby mitigate economic and biodiversity losses caused by this species. Using 10x Genomics linked-read sequencing, we produced a haplotype-resolved diploid genome assembly for R. ferrugineus from a single heterozygous individual with modest sequencing coverage ($$\sim$$ ∼ 62x). Benchmarking against conserved single-copy Arthropod orthologs suggests both pseudo-haplotypes in our R. ferrugineus genome assembly are highly complete with respect to gene content, and do not suffer from haplotype-induced duplication artifacts present in a recently published hybrid assembly for this species. Annotation of the larger pseudo-haplotype in our assembly provides evidence for 23,413 protein-coding loci in R. ferrugineus, including over 13,000 predicted proteins annotated with Gene Ontology terms and over 6000 loci independently supported by high-quality Iso-Seq transcriptomic data. Our assembly also includes 95% of R. ferrugineus chemosensory, detoxification and neuropeptide-related transcripts identified previously using RNA-seq transcriptomic data, and provides a platform for the molecular analysis of these and other functionally-relevant genes that can help guide management of this widespread insect pest.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), Infestation Using Data Mining

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Heba Kurdi ◽  
Amal Al-Aldawsari ◽  
Isra Al-Turaiki ◽  
Abdulrahman S. Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Using Data ◽  
F Measure

In the past 30 years, the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), a pest that is highly destructive to all types of palms, has rapidly spread worldwide. However, detecting infestation with the RPW is highly challenging because symptoms are not visible until the death of the palm tree is inevitable. In addition, the use of automated RPW weevil identification tools to predict infestation is complicated by a lack of RPW datasets. In this study, we assessed the capability of 10 state-of-the-art data mining classification algorithms, Naive Bayes (NB), KSTAR, AdaBoost, bagging, PART, J48 Decision tree, multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), random forest, and logistic regression, to use plant-size and temperature measurements collected from individual trees to predict RPW infestation in its early stages before significant damage is caused to the tree. The performance of the classification algorithms was evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure using a real RPW dataset. The experimental results showed that infestations with RPW can be predicted with an accuracy up to 93%, precision above 87%, recall equals 100%, and F-measure greater than 93% using data mining. Additionally, we found that temperature and circumference are the most important features for predicting RPW infestation. However, we strongly call for collecting and aggregating more RPW datasets to run more experiments to validate these results and provide more conclusive findings.

scholarly journals Pheromone receptor of the globally invasive quarantine pest of the palm tree, the red palm weevil ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus )

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binu Antony ◽  
Jibin Johny ◽  
Nicolas Montagné ◽  
Emmanuelle Jacquin‐Joly ◽  
Rémi Capoduro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Tree ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Pheromone Receptor ◽  
Quarantine Pest ◽  
Palm Weevil

scholarly journals Plasmapheresis in the treatment of myasthenia gravis: retrospective study of 26 patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (2b) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Carandina-Maffeis ◽  
Anamarli Nucci ◽  
José F.C. Marques Jr ◽  
Eduardo G. Roveri ◽  
Beatriz H.M. Pfeilsticker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Myasthenic Crisis ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

We analyzed the experience of Unicamp Clinical Hospital with plasma exchange (PE) therapy in myasthenia gravis (MG). About 17.8 % of a totality of MG patients had PE performed: 26 cases, 19 women and seven men. The mean age-onset of MG was 28 years, extremes 11 and 69. Minimum deficit observed in the group was graded IIb (O & G) or IIIa (MGFA scale). One patient had prethymectomy PE. In seven the procedures were performed due to myasthenic crisis and in 18 patients due to severe myasthenic symptoms or exacerbation of previous motor deficit. Two patients were also submitted to chronic PE considering refractoriness to other treatments. Twenty-six patients had 44 cycles of PE and 171 sessions. The mean number of sessions was 3.9 (SD ± 1.4) each cycle; median 5, extremes 2 and 6. The mean time by session was 106,5 minutes (SD ± 35.2); median 100.5 (extremes of 55 and 215). The mean volume of plasma exchanged in each session was 2396 ml (SD ± 561); median 2225 (extremes 1512 and 4500). Side effects occurred: reversible hypotension (seven cases), mild tremor or paresthesias (seven cases). Infection and mortality rates due to PE were zero. All patients had immediate benefit of each PE cycle and usually they also received prednisone or other immunosuppressors. Good acceptance of the procedure was observed in 80.7% of patients.

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