scholarly journals Benefit packages for chronic disease outpatients in the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in 32 Chinese counties

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Chuangzhou Xu ◽  
Christian A Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Cooperative Medical Scheme

Introduction: Chronic disease has become a major problem affecting the health of the Chinese population. In response to this situation, the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) has begun to provide health cover for outpatients with chronic disease expenses, made possible by the increased risk pool of previous years. We compare the differences between Benefit Packages for Chronic Diseases Outpatients (BPCDO) in order to produce a reference for policy makers.Methods: Information on the various BPCDO was located by searching the official NRCMS website in Chinese, using certain criteria to select the ideal BPCDO. Population coverage, service coverage and cost of coverage were chosen to form the analytical framework for this paper. The diseases were classified according to the World Health Organisation's (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).Results: To avoid “moral hazard”, complex processes have been created. This has resulted in chronic disease patients finding it very difficult to become beneficiaries. Forty-one types of chronic diseases were listed in 32 different BPCDO. We found that different counties have different co-payment rates, deductible lines, ceilings, coverage of drugs and tests, appointed hospitals and reimbursement frequencies.Conclusion: High mortality diseases and diseases with a heavier cost burden should be the priority on the list of reimbursement. The BPCDO scheme should be introduced urgently at the national level. It should include twenty-one types of disease and eight essential factors.

An Overview of the Prospective ICD-10 Classification of Mental Disorders

1989 ◽  
Vol 154 (S4) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Official Statement ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Many ◽  
Health Organization

This paper gives a brief outline of the present state of development of the psychiatric chapter of the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). It is written from the point of view of one of the many consultants to the Division of Mental Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, and thus is not an authoritative or official statement on behalf of WHO. The responsibility for decisions about ICD-10 Chapter V (F) rests with Dr Norman Sartorius, Director of the Division of Mental Health, though many psychiatrists in many countries have contributed to ICD-10 Chapter V (F), and will continue to do so, since much work is still to be done before the final form is officially agreed and published in about 1990. Before he left WHO, Geneva in September, 1986, Dr Assen Jablensky also carried a great deal of responsibility for the arrangements necessary for the production of the drafts of ICD-10 Chapter V (F) that are now being developed.

scholarly journals ICD-11 Revision of Mental Disorders: the Global Standard for Health Data, Clinical Documentation, and Statistical Aggregation

10.17816/cp74 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Melita Vujnovic ◽  
Olga Manukhina ◽  
Geoffrey M. Reed ◽  
Pavlos N. Theodorakis ◽  
Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
European Programme

Mental health conditions in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region affect more than 10% of the population, with 140,000 lives lost annually to suicide. Comorbidity with other diseases is high. However, basic mental health care is received by less than a third of patients. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of mental health services to disruptions and underscored the need to integrate mental health into response strategies. One of the flagship initiatives of the WHO European Programme of Work (EPW), 20202025: United Action for Better Health in Europe is the establishment of a Mental Health Coalition at the European level. In this framework, reporting of health statistics using the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) will begin on 1st January 2022. Clinical utility, scientific rigour and wider cultural applicability were all of prime importance in the development of the ICD-11. The 11th Revision was the end product of the most extensive global, multilingual, multidisciplinary and participative process ever undertaken for this task, involving more than 15,000 experts from 155 countries, representing approximately 80% of the worlds population. With the adoption of the ICD-11 and the priority being given to mental health, new ideas based on the 30 years of research since the approval of the ICD-10 will be widely adopted and applied.

scholarly journals Cultura o psicosis: ¿una conducta social que induce una psicopatología o una psicopatología que induce una conducta social? / Culture or Psychosis: A Social Behavior that Prompts a Psychopathology or a Psychopathology that Prompts a Social Behavior?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ariadna Corzo Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe aim of this review is to illustrate through a case tried, the difficulties encountered while dealing with patients’ special cultures and beliefs, which require a culture assessment, given its special features. Also, this review aims at providing basic tools for understanding and analyzing the impact of the cultural environment. In the event that a health professional stands in front of cross culture context in his daily practice, one in which magical and spiritual elements dominate, he/she must have the ability to assess it in a scientifically, way but without interfering with the cultural belief of the individuals. The F44.3 The Trance and Possession Disorder (9) was included in the 1999 International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) of the World Health Organization for epidemiological and planning purposes. However, this inclusion is not sufficient to describe the complexity of the behaviors and thought patterns related to all different culture beliefs.RESUMENEl objetivo de esta revisión es ilustrar, a través de un caso clínico, las dificultades que se presentan en el abordaje de los pacientes con diferentes culturas y creencias que por sus características especiales requieren de una evaluación trans-cultural. Asimismo, también se pretende proporcionar herramientas básicas para su comprensión y análisis ya que cuando un profesional de la salud encuentra en su consulta diaria un caso en el que predominan elementos mágicos, místicos y sobrenaturales que buscan una estrategia de sanación para el individuo y su grupo familia, éste debe estar en la capacidad de abordarlo de una manera científicamente acertada pero sin interferir con las creencias culturales de éstos. El F44.3 Trastorno de trance y posesión se incluyó en la Décima Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CDI-10) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud de 1999(1) con fines epidemiológicos y de planeación. Sin embargo, esta inclusión no es suficiente para describir la complejidad de las conductas y estructuras de pensamiento relacionadas con creencias culturales.

scholarly journals Presentation and management of community-onset vs hospital-onset first seizures

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Emma Foster ◽  
Sarah Holper ◽  
Zhibin Chen ◽  
Patrick Kwan
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Hospitalized Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Community Onset ◽  
International League ◽  
New Onset

BackgroundNew-onset seizures are frequently encountered in community and hospital settings. It is likely that seizures presenting in these distinct settings have different etiologies and prognoses, requiring different investigation and treatment approaches. We directly compare the presentation and management of patients with community- and hospital-onset first seizures attending the same hospital.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of patients aged 18 years or older with discharge International Classification of Diseases, Australian Classification (ICD-10-AM) codes of G40 (epilepsy), G41 (status epilepticus), and R56.8 (unspecified convulsions), who attended a general hospital in Melbourne, Australia, from January 1, 2008, through November 30, 2016. Patients with new-onset seizures were included for analysis.ResultsA total of 367 patients were discharged with a relevant ICD-10-AM code. Among them, 151 patients met the inclusion criteria: 97 presented to the emergency department with community-onset seizure (median age 70 years), and 54 experienced seizures during hospitalization for other indications (median age 80.5 years). Provoked seizures were more common in the latter group (26.8% vs 63.0%, p < 0.001), with exposure to proconvulsant drugs a major risk factor. Despite not fulfilling the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) diagnostic criteria, 72.5% (58/80) who survived to discharge were prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy, whereas 19.0% (12/63) of those who met the ILAE criteria were not.ConclusionsHospitalized elderly patients are at an increased risk of provoked seizures, and caution should be exercised when prescribing potential proconvulsant medications and procedures. A more standardized approach to AED prescribing is needed. Further studies should consider morbidity, mortality, and health economic effects of first seizures and assess optimal management to improve outcomes in this cohort.

The World Health Organization's recent work on the lexicography of mental disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Janca ◽  
N Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Different Cultures

SummaryStandardization of nomenclature and terminology used in the field of mental health has been one of the main goals of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Mental Health Programme among recent activities undertaken to achieve this goal, is the development of definition and guidelines accompanying the chapter dealing with mental disorders in the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and of a set of instruments for the assessment of mental disorders. To enhance common understanding and uniformity of usage of the terms embedded in the classification and instruments and to facilitate their use in different cultures and settings, a series of lexica and glossaries has also been produced by WHO. The article describes the basic characteristics of the Lexicon of psychiatric and mental health terms, 2nd edition; Lexicon of alcohol and drug terms; Lexicon of crosscultural terms in mental health; SCAN glossary; and the ICD-10 symptom glossary for mental disorders.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Endometriosis in Spain and Its Autonomous Communities: A Large, Nationwide Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7861
Author(s):  
Almudena Ávalos Marfil ◽  
Enriqueta Barranco Castillo ◽  
Raúl Martos García ◽  
Nicolás Mendoza Ladrón de Guevara ◽  
Maryna Mazheika
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Spanish Study ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

A retrospective population-based study aimed to assess the incidence of endometriosis in the general population in Spain and in each of its autonomous communities. The authors used the incidence of diagnosed endometriosis in the minimum basic dataset at discharge in the national hospital discharge registry of Spain. This analysis was carried out with hospital data with a diagnosis of endometriosis (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 code 617.xx and ICD-10 code N80.xx) and covered the period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017 and a population of 12,775,911 women of reproductive age (15–54 years). The data were then analyzed at the national level and separately for each autonomous community. This nationwide Spanish study estimated the overall incidence of endometriosis among autonomous communities in Spain to be 16.1 per 10,000 women (range, 6.8 to 24). The mean age of the 20,547 women diagnosed with endometriosis during the study period was 36.8 ± 5.4 years. The types (proportions) of endometriosis were uterine (28.4%), tubo-ovarian (35.2%), peritoneal (8.1%), vesical (6.8%) and intestinal (3.2%) endometriosis. Further studies are needed to assess the reasons for the decrease in the observed incidence and for the significant differences in the regional incidence rates of this disease.

Delusional Syndromes in ICD—10

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (S14) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sims
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Health Organization

The psychiatric section, entitled ‘Mental, Behavioural and Developmental Disorders‘ of the International Classification of Diseases, is currently in the process of revision, and ‘ICD—10‘ will shortly become available. This revision will be based partly on its immediate predecessor, the 9th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD—9; World Health Organization, 1978), and also upon the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM—III—R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987). ICD—10 describes and lists symptoms required for making each specific diagnosis and it also refers to inclusions and exclusions. The symptoms themselves, however, are not defined nor described, and an ill-informed method of evaluating symptoms or a lack of thoroughness in their ascertainment will result in mistaken diagnoses. The descriptive psychopathologist clearly has a part to play in encouraging accurate usage.

scholarly journals ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Harrison ◽  
Stefanie Weber ◽  
Robert Jakob ◽  
Christopher G. Chute
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Ontology ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) has long been the main basis for comparability of statistics on causes of mortality and morbidity between places and over time. This paper provides an overview of the recently completed 11th revision of the ICD, focusing on the main innovations and their implications. Main text Changes in content reflect knowledge and perspectives on diseases and their causes that have emerged since ICD-10 was developed about 30 years ago. Changes in design and structure reflect the arrival of the networked digital era, for which ICD-11 has been prepared. ICD-11’s information framework comprises a semantic knowledge base (the Foundation), a biomedical ontology linked to the Foundation and classifications derived from the Foundation. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (ICD-11-MMS) is the primary derived classification and the main successor to ICD-10. Innovations enabled by the new architecture include an online coding tool (replacing the index and providing additional functions), an application program interface to enable remote access to ICD-11 content and services, enhanced capability to capture and combine clinically relevant characteristics of cases and integrated support for multiple languages. Conclusions ICD-11 was adopted by the World Health Assembly in May 2019. Transition to implementation is in progress. ICD-11 can be accessed at icd.who.int.

Classification

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Philip Cowen ◽  
Tom Burns ◽  
Mina Fazel
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychiatric Classification ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues

‘Classification’ introduces concepts of mental illness before briefly reviewing the reasons for, and criticisms of, psychiatric classification. Key issues of reliability, validity, and stigma associated with classification are covered. After an overview of the history of classifications, the organizing principles of the two current major classification systems used in psychiatry (ICD-10 and DSM-5) are then outlined: the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (‘ICD-10’), and the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (‘DSM-5’). Additional schemes, used in particular countries, are also briefly mentioned. Finally, the chapter summarizes how psychiatric classification may develop in the future, with particular reference to ICD-11, which is due in 2018 or 2019.

scholarly journals The new International Classification of Diseases 11th edition: a comparative analysis with ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-746
Author(s):  
Kin Wah Fung ◽  
, Julia Xu ◽  
Olivier Bodenreider
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Data Files ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objective To study the newly adopted International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11) and compare it to the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10) and International Classification of Diseases 10th revision-Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM). Materials and Methods : Data files and maps were downloaded from the World Health Organization (WHO) website and through the application programming interfaces. A round trip method based on the WHO maps was used to identify equivalent codes between ICD-10 and ICD-11, which were validated by limited manual review. ICD-11 terms were mapped to ICD-10-CM through normalized lexical mapping. ICD-10-CM codes in 6 disease areas were also manually recoded in ICD-11. Results Excluding the chapters for traditional medicine, functioning assessment, and extension codes for postcoordination, ICD-11 has 14 622 leaf codes (codes that can be used in coding) compared to ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM, which has 10 607 and 71 932 leaf codes, respectively. We identified 4037 pairs of ICD-10 and ICD-11 codes that were equivalent (estimated accuracy of 96%) by our round trip method. Lexical matching between ICD-11 and ICD-10-CM identified 4059 pairs of possibly equivalent codes. Manual recoding showed that 60% of a sample of 388 ICD-10-CM codes could be fully represented in ICD-11 by precoordinated codes or postcoordination. Conclusion In ICD-11, there is a moderate increase in the number of codes over ICD-10. With postcoordination, it is possible to fully represent the meaning of a high proportion of ICD-10-CM codes, especially with the addition of a limited number of extension codes.

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