Addition of Citrus Leaf Extract into Frying Oil Prevents Hypertension and Improves Vascular Reactivity in Heated Oil-Fed Rats

The prolonged intake of diet containing repeatedly heated vegetable oil can cause hypertension in the long run. In this study, the effects of citrus leaf extract (CLE) supplementation on vascular reactivity, plasma nitrite, and aortic structure in hypertensive rats that consumed were investigated by the consumption of repeatedly heated vegetable oil. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 56) were divided into 7 groups corresponding to the respective diets. For 16 weeks, 1 group was given standard rat chow (control) while other groups were given diets containing 15% w/w of palm oil, fresh palm oil (FPO), palm oil heated 5 times (5HPO), and palm oil heated 10 times (10HPO), with or without the incorporation of 0.15% w/w CLE (FPO+CLE, 5HPO+CLE, or 10HPO+CLE). Plasma nitrite levels were measured before and at 16 weeks of treatment. After 16 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and aortae were harvested for measuring vascular reactivity and for microscopic study. CLE supplementation had significantly reduced the loss of plasma nitrite and attenuated the vasoconstriction response to phenylephrine in the 5HPO group but not in the 10HPO group. However, CLE had no significant effect on the vasorelaxation response to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. The elastic lamellae of tunica media in 5HPO, 10HPO, and 10HPO+CLE groups appeared disorganised and disrupted. Obtained findings suggested that CLE was able to enhance nitric oxide bioavailability that might dampen the vasoconstriction effect of phenylephrine.

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Erratum: Effects of citrus leaf extract on aortic vascular reactivity in hypertensive rats fed repeatedly heated vegetable oil

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2019-0390 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 804-804

Author(s):

Hawa Nordin Siti ◽

Yusof Kamisah ◽

Suhaila Mohamed ◽

Kamsiah Jaarin

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Aortic Vascular Reactivity

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The Effects of Citrus Leaf Extract on Renal Oxidative Stress, Renal Function and Histological Changes in Rats Fed With Heated Palm Oil

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1649 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 363-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chew June Li ◽

Aniza Aini Barkath ◽

Mohamad Zarrin Abdullah ◽

Nadiah Lingkan ◽

Nurul Hidayah Mohd Ismail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Renal Function ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Heated Oil ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Vascular Congestion ◽

Stress Parameters

Prolonged consumption of heated palm oil causes detrimental effects on cardiovascular system, liver and kidneys. The detrimental effects of heated oils are associated with oxidative stress; hence the role of antioxidants in attenuating heated oil-induced effects has been widely studied. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of polyphenol-rich Citrus leaf extract (CLE) on renal oxidative stress parameters, renal function and kidney histological changes in rats fed with heated palm oil. Fifty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=56) were divided into seven groups. The control group was given normal rat chow, while other groups were fed with 15% weight/weight (w/w) palm oil-enriched diet of either fresh palm oil (FPO), five-time-heated palm oil (5HPO) or ten-time-heated palm oil (10HPO); with or without the addition of CLE (0.15%, w/w) supplementation. After 16 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the kidneys were harvested for analysis. CLE supplementation improved heated palm oil-induced oxidative stress parameters in the kidneys, shown by reduced levels of renal thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and renal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in 5HPO and 10HPO groups. Renal haem oxygenase levels were restored with CLE supplementation in the heated oil groups. Decreased serum creatinine was observed in 5HPO group with CLE supplementation, but not in 10HPO group. Heated oil caused mild interstitial inflammation with vascular congestion in 5HPO and 5HPO+CLE groups, while 10HPO group had moderate inflammation and vascular congestion. CLE supplementation in 10HPO group was able to reduce these changes as only mild interstitial inflammation and congestion was observed. CLE has the potential to reduce renal oxidative stress parameters, improve renal function and reduce renal inflammation possibly mediated via its antioxidant properties.

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Amelioration of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury by Citrus Leaf Extract

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research ◽

10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:426-431 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 426-431

Author(s):

Jin Xuezhu ◽

Li Jitong ◽

Nie Leigang ◽

Xue Junlai

Keyword(s):

Carbon Tetrachloride ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Hepatic Injury ◽

The Body ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of citrus leaf extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury and its potential molecular mechanism. Carbon tetrachloride was used to construct hepatic injury animal model. To this end, rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, carbon tetrachloride-treated, and two carbon tetrachloride + citrus leaf extract-treated groups. The results show that citrus leaf extract treatment significantly reversed the effects of carbon tetrachloride on the body weight changes and liver index. Besides, treatment with citrus leaf extract also reduced the levels of serum liver enzymes and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. H&E staining and western blotting suggested that citrus leaf extract could repair liver histological damage by regulating AMPK and Nrf-2.

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Citrus leaf extract reduces blood pressure and vascular damage in repeatedly heated palm oil diet-Induced hypertensive rats

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

pp. 451-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hawa Nordin Siti ◽

Yusof Kamisah ◽

Mohd Ishak Nur Iliyani ◽

Suhaila Mohamed ◽

Kamsiah Jaarin

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Vascular Damage ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Citrus Leaf

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Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Larva Aedes spp

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.2.1.2014.4392 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dio K. Prijadi

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Natural Material ◽

Citrus Aurantifolia ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽

Experimental Laboratory ◽

Good Potential ◽

Citrus Leaves

Abstrak: Nyamuk Aedes spp adalah vektor utama dari virus Demam Berdarah Dengue. Pemberantasan vektor dengan menggunakan larvasida kimiawi di nilai masih memiliki banyak kekurangan dan dapat mencemari lingkungan sehingga dikembangkanlah bahan larvasida yang lebih alami. Salah satu bahan yang alami dengan penggunaan daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Daun jeruk nipis mengandung zat limonoida yang di nilai beracun bagi larva nyamuk. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian larvasida ekstrak daun jeruk nipis dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Aedes spp. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan cara eksperimental laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan adalah larva nyamuk Aedes spp instar III yang diambil dari kelurahan Malalayang Manado. Dosis yang di gunakan adalah dosis yang telah terbukti efektif dari penellitian-penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumya yaitu 100mg per liter air. Hasil Penelitian : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang di dapatkan larvasida ekstrak daun jeruk memiliki daya bunuh pada percobaan pertama sebesar 32 ekor jentik dari 50 jentik, percobaan kedua dengan 34 ekor jentik dari 50 jentik dan percobaan ketiga dengan 34 ekor jentik dari 50 jentik. Rata-rata tingkat mortalitas sebesar 67% terhadap larva Aedes spp. Kesimpulan : Ekstrak daun jeruk nipis cukup efektif sebagai larvasida.Kata kunci: Larvasida , Citrus aurantifolia , Aedes spp. Abstract: Aedes spp are the main vectors of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever virus. Vector elimination using chemical larvicides still has many disadvantage and can pollute the environment because of that there is some research that develop natural material for larvacides. One of the natural material for larvacides is citrus leaves (Citrus aurantifolia). Citrus leaves contain Limonoida a substances that toxic to mosquito larvae. Objective : This study aimed to determine the effect of larvicides citrus leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of Aedes spp. Methods : The research is using descriptive methods by an experimental laboratory. The samples used were instar III larvae of Aedes spp are taken from Malalayang Manado. The dose used is the dose that has been shown to be effective from another research that has been done before is 100mg on liter of water. Eksperiment Results :Based on the results of the observation the citrus leaf extract has mortality rate on first eksperiment 32 larvae from total of 50 larvae, the second eksperiment 34 larvae from total of 50 larvae and the third eksperiment 34 larvae from total of 50 larvae. The average mortality rate is 67% against the larvae of Aedes spp. Conclustion : Citrus leaft ekstrack has a good potential as a larvacides. Key words: Larvacides , Citrus aurantifolia , Aedes spp.

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Anti-osteoarthritis and anti-diabetic properties of Citrus leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced rats

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage ◽

10.1016/j.joca.2019.02.451 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. S429

Author(s):

N.S. Umran ◽

L.S. Fong ◽

S. Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Citrus Leaf

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Effect of Larvicidal Extract N-Hexane Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix) on Larva Instar III Mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus)

World s Veterinary Journal ◽

10.54203/scil.2021.wvj53 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 416-421

Author(s):

Muhammad Hanif ◽

Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti ◽

Rochmah Kurnijasanti

Keyword(s):

Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Citrus Leaf ◽

Control Programs ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Hexane Extracts ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Citrus Leaves

Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are a vector of transmission of several types of diseases, such as filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, and dirofilariasis. Larval control is the key strategy of disease control programs caused by vectors around the world because it can prevent larvae to enter the adult stage. Control of mosquito larvae that are often used is chemically controlled. Citrus hystrix is a natural plant and contains chemical compounds that have biological activity, such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and limonoids. The present study aimed to determine the effect of citrus leaf extract (Citrus hystrix) on the mortality of the larva Culex quinquefasciatus. The method used in the current study was a laboratory experimental study method with the experimental design using a completely randomized design. The research plot carried out was the rearing larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus, the manufacture of citrus leaf extract, the manufacture of larvicidal material, and the observation phase after treatment. Extract N-hexane omplet name hystrix leaf has high toxicity because it contains essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and Limonoids. The Optimal concentration of N-hexane extracts of citrus leaves that lead to larval mortality of Culex quinquefasciatus in vitro amounted to 93.33% on 4 hours of observation with a concentration of 4000 ppm. Extract N-hexane lime leaf has a larvicidal effect on the larva Culex quinquefasciatus in vitro.

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