Selection of elite broadleaf mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) (L.) germplasms for the mid-hill conditions of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Tek Prasad Gotame ◽  
Surendra Lal Shrestha ◽  
Dipendra Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals ​​Genetic Divergence in Leafy Mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) Germplasm Grown under Tarai Condition of Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Bhandari ◽  
Anita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Mustard represents a rich diversity and widely cultivated in 23 states and union territories of India. However, much of this diversity is concentrated in the Indo-Gangetic plains and the sub-mountain Himalayas. Genetic diversity plays a significant role in plant improvement because a hybrid between the lines of diverse origin usually display a greater heterosis than those between closely related ones which permit the selection of genetically divergent plants to obtain the desirable recombination of segregating generation. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess “Genetic Divergence in Leafy Mustard (Brassica juncea. var. rugosa) germplasm grown under Tarai condition of Uttarakhand” and to identify divergent parents for hybridization program, which would provide superior transgressive segregants from collected germplasm. Methods: The present investigation consisted of thirty-two genotypes of leafy mustard and the research was carried out at Vegetable Research Centre (VRC), G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand) in rabi season of 2015-2016. Mustard genotypes were sown in randomized block design with three replications in field and data were observed for seventeen quantitative and qualitative characters. The estimation of genetic divergence was done with the help of Mahalonobis D2 statistic as suggested by Rao (1952). Cluster analysis by Tocher method for all the traits was done. Result: Thirty two germplasm of leafy mustard for different characters and grouped them into six clusters using Mahalanobis D2 statistic. The analysis revealed the maximum inter cluster distance was (20534.12) between cluster V and cluster VI so, we can create variation by inter mating genotypes from these two clusters to each other and the maximum intra cluster distance in cluster III (441.91) with six germplasm. It means we can intermate genotypes of this cluster with each other (2014/MGVAR-2, FS-13-1, FS-13-4, 2014/MGVAR-4, PRHC-12-9-1, PRHC-12-7-2, FS-13-3 and Pusa Sag 1) to create variation in next generations. The clustering pattern could be utilized in selection of parents for crossing and deciding the best cross combinations which may generate the highest possible variability for various traits.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability in Glucosinolates in Seed ofBrassica juncea: Interest in Mustard Condiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Othmane Merah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
Selection Of

Brassica junceais mostly used for oil production which implies selection of genotypes with low glucosinolates level and high oil content. In contrast, condiment production needs varieties with high level in some glucosinolates including sinigrin. The genetic variability was studied mostly by molecular tools. The objectives were almost the decrease of glucosinolates level in order to use the oilcake for animal feed. The aim of this work is to study the genetic variability for different glucosinolates and their relationships with agronomical traits within a large collection ofBrassica junceagenotypes for condiment uses. A collection of 190 genotypes from different origins was studied in Dijon (France). Oil content and total glucosinolates, and sinigrin and gluconapin levels were measured. Flowering and maturation durations, seed yield, and yield components were also measured. Large variability was observed between genotypes for the measured traits within the studied collection. Total glucosinolates varied twofold between extreme genotypes. Values of sinigrin content varied from 0 to more than 134 µmol·g−1. Correlations between glucosinolates traits and both phenological and agronomical characters are presented and discussed for their potential for industrial condiment uses.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Relationship Between Seed Yield and Yield-Related Traits in a Diversity Panel of Brassica juncea Using Multi-Traits Mixed Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Saroj ◽  
S. L. Soumya ◽  
Satbeer Singh ◽  
S. Mukesh Sankar ◽  
Rajat Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Diversity Panel ◽  
Selection Of

The response to selection in any crop improvement program depends on the degree of variance and heritability. The objective of the current study was to explain variance and heritability components in Indian mustard Brassica juncea (L). Czern & Coss to recognize promising genotypes for effective breeding. Two hundred and eighty-nine diverse accessions of Indian mustard belonging to four continents were analyzed for yield and yield-related traits (20 traits) over two seasons (2017–2018 and 2018–2019) using an alpha lattice design. The genetic variance was found to be significant (P ≤ 0.01) for the individual and under pooled analysis for all of the evaluated traits, demonstrating the presence of significant genetic variability in the diversity panel, which bids greater opportunities for utilizing these traits in future breeding programs. High heritability combined with high genetic advance as percent of mean and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for flowering traits, plant height traits, seed size, and seed yield/plant; hence, a better genetic gain is expected upon the selection of these traits over subsequent generations. Both correlation and stepwise regression analysis indicated that the main shoot length, biological yield, total seed yield, plant height up to the first primary branch, seed size, total siliqua count, days to flowering initiation, plant height at maturity, siliquae on the main shoot, main shoot length, and siliqua length were the most significant contributory traits for seed yield/plant. Also, promising genotypes were identified among the diversity panel, which can be utilized as a donor to improve Indian mustard further. These results indicated a greater scope for improving seed yield per plant directly through a selection of genotypes having the parsimonious combination of these nine traits.

scholarly journals The genome sequence of allopolyploid Brassica juncea and analysis of differential homoeolog gene expression influencing selection

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1225-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghua Yang ◽  
Dongyuan Liu ◽  
Xiaowu Wang ◽  
Changmian Ji ◽  
Feng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Genes ◽  
Crop Genome ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The Brassica genus encompasses three diploid and three allopolyploid genomes, but a clear understanding of the evolution of agriculturally important traits via polyploidy is lacking. We assembled an allopolyploid Brassica juncea genome by shotgun and single-molecule reads integrated to genomic and genetic maps. We discovered that the A subgenomes of B. juncea and Brassica napus each had independent origins. Results suggested that A subgenomes of B. juncea were of monophyletic origin and evolved into vegetable-use and oil-use subvarieties. Homoeolog expression dominance occurs between subgenomes of allopolyploid B. juncea, in which differentially expressed genes display more selection potential than neutral genes. Homoeolog expression dominance in B. juncea has facilitated selection of glucosinolate and lipid metabolism genes in subvarieties used as vegetables and for oil production. These homoeolog expression dominance relationships among Brassicaceae genomes have contributed to selection response, predicting the directional effects of selection in a polyploid crop genome.

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