scholarly journals Transmission Power Based Intelligent Model in VANET

2020 ◽  
pp. 768-775
Author(s):  
Pushpender Sarao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Model ◽  
Research Domain

Vehicular ad-hoc networks is very popular research domain in which research work is going on at various aspects like routing the data without loss end-to-end. Routing in such networks is very tedious task due to frequently changing the position of vehicles location-wise. In this paper an intelligent model has been developed on the basis of adaptive neuro fuzzy system for OLSR routing protocol in VANET. The proposed model is designed based on input parameters average goodput and mac/phy-overhead. Based on these parameters, transmission power can be predicted. Triangular and Gaussian membership functions have been applied for designing the decision model. A comparison work also has been carried out for Gaussian, triangular functions and NS-3 based results. At the same time, the model is investigated by simulation work carried out on network simulator-3 (NS-3) platform.

scholarly journals Design and Simulation of Spectrum Access and Power Management Protocol for Dynamic Access Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4A) ◽  
pp. 588-597
Author(s):  
Ala'eddin Masadeh ◽  
Haythem Bany Salameh ◽  
Ahmad Abu-El-Haija
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Throughput ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Spatial Reuse ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Hoc Networks

This work investigates the problem of managing the transmission power and assigning channels for multi-channel single-radio Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Networks (CRAHNs). The considered network consists of M primary users and N secondary users, where the secondary users can use the licensed channels opportunistically when they are not utilized by the primary users. The secondary users have the capability of sensing the licensed channels and determine their occupation status. They are also able to control their transmission power such that the transmitted data can be received with high quality-of-service with the lowest possible transmission power, and minimum interference among the secondary users. This also contributes in increasing the frequency spatial reuse of the licensed channels by the secondary users, when the channels are unoccupied, which increases the network throughput. This work proposes a channel assignment algorithm aims at assigning the unoccupied licensed channels among secondary users efficiently, and a transmission power control aims at tuning the transmission power used by the secondary users to maximize the network throughput. The results show an enhancement achieved by the proposed protocol when it is integrated to the considered network, which is seen through increasing the network throughput and decreasing in the access delay. In this context, the Network Simulator 2 (NS2) was used to verify our proposed protocol, which indicates a significant enhancement in network performance

An Adaptive Fuzzy-Based Service-Oriented Approach with QoS Support for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-167
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Rontala Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Adaptive Fuzzy ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Oriented Approach

An attempt in implementing on-demand, QoS supported Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) routing algorithms has taken new dimensions. Delivering information in time to achieve reliability across vehicles (nodes) is still being a challenge among the VANET research groups. An effort to develop a QoS adaptive routing schemes using soft computing techniques is made in this research work. SADVA – An adaptive fuzzy based QoS service oriented approach for VANET is presented in this paper. The performance of SADVA is compared with AODV (Perkins, Royer, & Das, 2003), GV-GRID (Li, & Yu, 2007), DSR (Johnson, Maltz, & Hu, 2004), FSR (Gerla, 2002), DYMO (Chakeres, & Perkins, 2006), REDEM (Prabhakar, Sivanandham, & Arunkumar, 2011b), and QARS (Prabhakar et al, 2011a). SADVA employs fuzzy logic system to determine the vehicle's speed over an effective time period for different types of service in use between multiple VANET nodes to engage or cooperate in communication. This chapter focuses on designing and developing QoS aware routing protocol for multi-hop VANET. Metrics such as number of packets received per second, percentage of packet loss and time for route establishment are used to analyse the network situation. Simulation test runs are carried out using Two Ray Ground propagation model where vehicular traffic is generated according to a Poisson process.

A Probabilistic Routing Protocol in VANET

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongjun Yan ◽  
Stephan Olariu ◽  
Shaharuddin Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Probabilistic Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Manet Networks

The key attribute that distinguishes Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) from Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) is scale. While MANET networks involve up to one hundred nodes and are short lived, being deployed in support of special-purpose operations, VANET networks involve millions of vehicles on thousands of kilometers of highways and city streets. Being mission-driven, MANET mobility is inherently limited by the application at hand. In most MANET applications, mobility occurs at low speed. By contrast, VANET networks involve vehicles that move at high speed, often well beyond what is reasonable or legally stipulated. Given the scale of its mobility and number of actors involved, the topology of VANET is changing constantly and, as a result, both individual links and routing paths are inherently unstable. Motivated by this latter truism, the authors propose a probability model for link duration based on realistic vehicular dynamics and radio propagation assumptions. The paper illustrates how the proposed model can be incorporated in a routing protocol, which results in paths that are easier to construct and maintain. Extensive simulation results confirm that this probabilistic routing protocol results in more easily maintainable paths.

Traffic-Centric Mesoscopic Analysis of Connectivity in VANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an appropriate class of information propagation technology promising to link us even while moving at high speeds. In VANETs, a piece of information propagates through consecutive connections. In the most previous vehicular connectivity analysis, the provided probability density function of intervehicle distance throughout the wide variety of steady-state traffic flow conditions is surprisingly invariant. But, using a constant assumption, generates approximate communication results, prevents us from improving the performance of the current solutions and impedes designing the new applications on VANETs. Hence, in this paper, a mesoscopic vehicular mobility model in a multilane highway with a steady-state traffic flow condition is adopted. To model a traffic-centric distribution for the spatial per-hop progress and the expected spatial per-hop progress, different intervehicle distance distributions are utilized. Moreover, the expected number of hops, distribution of the number of successful multihop forwarding, the expected time delay and the expected connectivity distance are mathematically investigated. Finally, to model the distribution of the connectivity distances, a set of simplistic closed-form traffic-centric equations is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed model is confirmed using an event-based network simulator as well as a road traffic simulator.

scholarly journals A Semi-Deterministic Channel Model for VANETs Simulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ledy ◽  
Hervé Boeglen ◽  
Anne-Marie Poussard ◽  
Benoît Hilt ◽  
Rodolphe Vauzelle
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Physical Layers ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Simulation Time

Today's advanced simulators facilitate thorough studies on Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs). However the choice of the physical layer model in such simulators is a crucial issue that impacts the results. A solution to this challenge might be found with a hybrid model. In this paper, we propose a semi-deterministic channel propagation model for VANETs called UM-CRT. It is based on CRT (Communication Ray Tracer) and SCME—UM (Spatial Channel Model Extended—Urban Micro) which are, respectively, a deterministic channel simulator and a statistical channel model. It uses a process which adjusts the statistical model using relevant parameters obtained from the deterministic simulator. To evaluate realistic VANET transmissions, we have integrated our hybrid model in fully compliant 802.11 p and 802.11 n physical layers. This framework is then used with the NS-2 network simulator. Our simulation results show that UM-CRT is adapted for VANETs simulations in urban areas as it gives a good approximation of realistic channel propagation mechanisms while improving significantly simulation time.

scholarly journals Hybridization of Monarch Butterfly and Grey Wolf Optimization for Optimal Routing in VANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3049-3060
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Grey Wolf Optimization ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Data Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks

The routing process in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) remains a more demanding task in city backgrounds. Identifying an optimal end-to-end path that satisfies reduced overhead and delay control is still facing a lot of difficulties and limitations in recent days. These limitations are owing to the increased movement of vehicles, the repeated failures of a path, and the varied obstacles that might have an effect on the consistency of the data routing and transmission. Hence, this paper intends to present an enhanced VANET routing model by considering the network quality metrics including congestion, travel, collision and QoS awareness cost. Accordingly, in the proposed work, a cost model is modeled as the solution for the vehicle routing problem by taking into account the above-mentioned constraints. For determining the optimal route, this research work establishes a new hybrid algorithm known as Grey Updated Butterfly Operator (GU-BO) that links both the concepts of Monarch Butterfly Optimization (MBO) Algorithm and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). Finally, the performance of the implemented approach is compared over other conventional approaches with respect to congestion and cost analysis, and proves its superiority of proposed work over others.

scholarly journals A Novel Hybrid Secure Routing for Flying Ad-hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Raj
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Hoc Networks

The recent technology development increases the opportunity to create valuable network services to user. Flying ad-hoc networks (FANET) in one among them which evolved recently with enhanced value added services with common features similar to its predecessor ad-hoc networks like vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) and mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). Due to its distinctive features FANETs are widely preferred in recent telecommunication services which requires high quality of services, efficiency, environment adaptability and scalability. In order to achieve high efficiency multiple aerial vehicles are used in general architectures. The Communication in such vehicles are progressed directly between the nodes or through relay nodes. Routing is an important process to establish a connection link between the nodes in the architecture. This research work proposed a routing strategy suitable for dynamic and static environments as a hybrid optimization model which reduces the issues in link establishment. Nature inspired bee colony optimization is used along with conventional routing algorithms such as optimized link state routing protocol and Dynamic Source Routing Protocol to improve the link discovery. The proposed optimized routing outperforms well in reduced delay and communication overhead of the network.

scholarly journals A Packet Size Based Intelligent Model for AODV in MANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2070-2079
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Size ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Model ◽  
Aodv Routing Protocol

Mobile ad-hoc networks are the networks that are established easily in a short span time period. But, at the same time, some challenges are also there for establishment and performance perspectives. Higher mobility of nodes creates a problem in secure and accurate data transmission. Packet size decision is to be taken for optimizing the data packets transmission from source to destination. In this paper, to decide the packet size, an ANFIS based intelligent model has been proposed. Model has been implemented at MAT Lab with generalized bell-shaped membership functions for four inputs. For this, throughput, normalized routing load, data packets received, average end to end delay metrics have been considered. Designed model has been verified with the help of network simulator-2. Proposed model will be applied for AODV routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks. Proposed model will enhance the performance of AODV routing protocol.

A Probabilistic Routing Protocol in VANET

2012 ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Gongjun Yan ◽  
Stephan Olariu ◽  
Shaharuddin Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Probabilistic Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Link Duration

The key attribute that distinguishes Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) from Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) is scale. While MANET networks involve up to one hundred nodes and are short lived, being deployed in support of special-purpose operations, VANET networks involve millions of vehicles on thousands of kilometers of highways and city streets. Being mission-driven, MANET mobility is inherently limited by the application at hand. In most MANET applications, mobility occurs at low speed. By contrast, VANET networks involve vehicles that move at high speed, often well beyond what is reasonable or legally stipulated. Given the scale of its mobility and number of actors involved, the topology of VANET is changing constantly and, as a result, both individual links and routing paths are inherently unstable. Motivated by this latter truism, the authors propose a probability model for link duration based on realistic vehicular dynamics and radio propagation assumptions. The paper illustrates how the proposed model can be incorporated in a routing protocol, which results in paths that are easier to construct and maintain. Extensive simulation results confirm that this probabilistic routing protocol results in more easily maintainable paths.

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