Traffic-Centric Mesoscopic Analysis of Connectivity in VANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an appropriate class of information propagation technology promising to link us even while moving at high speeds. In VANETs, a piece of information propagates through consecutive connections. In the most previous vehicular connectivity analysis, the provided probability density function of intervehicle distance throughout the wide variety of steady-state traffic flow conditions is surprisingly invariant. But, using a constant assumption, generates approximate communication results, prevents us from improving the performance of the current solutions and impedes designing the new applications on VANETs. Hence, in this paper, a mesoscopic vehicular mobility model in a multilane highway with a steady-state traffic flow condition is adopted. To model a traffic-centric distribution for the spatial per-hop progress and the expected spatial per-hop progress, different intervehicle distance distributions are utilized. Moreover, the expected number of hops, distribution of the number of successful multihop forwarding, the expected time delay and the expected connectivity distance are mathematically investigated. Finally, to model the distribution of the connectivity distances, a set of simplistic closed-form traffic-centric equations is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed model is confirmed using an event-based network simulator as well as a road traffic simulator.

Proactive Traffic Merging Strategies for Sensor-Enabled Cars

2010 ◽  
pp. 180-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
Lars Kulik ◽  
Kotagiri Ramamohanarao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Travel Delay ◽  
Hoc Networks

Congestion is a major challenge in today’s road traffic. The primary cause is bottlenecks such as ramps leading onto highways, or lane blockage due to obstacles. In these situations, the road capacity reduces because several traffic streams merge to fewer streams. Another important factor is the non-coordinated driving behavior resulting from the lack of information or the intention to minimize the travel time of a single car. This chapter surveys traffic control strategies for optimizing traffic flow on highways, with a focus on more adaptive and flexible strategies facilitated by current advancements in sensor-enabled cars and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The authors investigate proactive merging strategies assuming that sensor-enabled cars can detect the distance to neighboring cars and communicate their velocity and acceleration among each other. Proactive merging strategies can significantly improve traffic flow by increasing it up to 100% and reduce the overall travel delay by 30%.

scholarly journals An improved supervisory protocol for automatic selection of routing protocols in environment-aware vehicular ad hoc networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 155014771881505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishtiaq Wahid ◽  
Ata Ul Aziz Ikram ◽  
Masood Ahmad ◽  
Fasee Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hoc Networks

With resource constraint’s distributed architecture and dynamic topology, network issues such as congestion, latency, power awareness, mobility, and other quality of service issues need to be addressed by optimizing the routing protocols. As a result, a number of routing protocols have been proposed. Routing protocols have trade-offs in performance parameters and their performance varies with the underlying mobility model. For designing an improved vehicular ad hoc network, three components of the network are to be focused: routing protocols, mobility models, and performance metrics. This article describes the relationship of these components, trade-offs in performance, and proposes a supervisory protocol, which monitors the scenario and detects the realistic mobility model through analysis of the microscopic features of the mobility model. An analytical model is used to determine the best protocol for a particular mobility model. The supervisory protocol then selects the best routing protocol for the mobility model of the current operational environment. For this, EstiNet 8.1 Simulator is used to validate the proposed scheme and compare its performance with existing schemes. Simulation results of the proposed scheme show the consistency in the performance of network throughout its operation.

scholarly journals METRICS FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SAFETY APPLICATIONS IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKS

Transport ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Yousefi ◽  
Mahmood Fathy
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Message Exchange ◽  
To Come ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Safety Applications

In the recent years, direct message exchange between vehicles in order to improve the safety of road traffic has been attracting lots of interest in both networking and road safety communities. While travelling on a road, vehicles form an ad hoc network called Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET) and deploy life safety applications. Evaluating the performance of these applications is primordial for realizing VANETs in real life. Current literature lacks efficient ways to evaluate the performance of safety applications and mostly leverages on classical networking metrics like delay, delivery rate etc. In this paper, we consider both networking and safety concerns simultaneously to come up with more efficient methods. In particular, we first point out the significance of fairness and coverage from safety viewpoint. Then, we introduce two new metrics called beaconing rate and effective range aiming at providing more facilities for safety performance evaluation in VANET s research. Furthermore, realizing special characteristics of safety applications while disseminating beacon messages, we study the way that beacon dissemination protocols affect the performance of safety applications. We then conduct extensive simulation study to show the usefulness of the introduced metrics and derive some insights on the feasibility of driver‐assistant safety applications. Our evaluation also shows that sending the aggregated status of neighbouring vehicles in addition to vehicle's own status, and instead, increasing beacon transmission interval may be invoked in order to assist safety applications in providing satisfactory services to drivers.

scholarly journals A Semi-Deterministic Channel Model for VANETs Simulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ledy ◽  
Hervé Boeglen ◽  
Anne-Marie Poussard ◽  
Benoît Hilt ◽  
Rodolphe Vauzelle
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Physical Layers ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Simulation Time

Today's advanced simulators facilitate thorough studies on Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs). However the choice of the physical layer model in such simulators is a crucial issue that impacts the results. A solution to this challenge might be found with a hybrid model. In this paper, we propose a semi-deterministic channel propagation model for VANETs called UM-CRT. It is based on CRT (Communication Ray Tracer) and SCME—UM (Spatial Channel Model Extended—Urban Micro) which are, respectively, a deterministic channel simulator and a statistical channel model. It uses a process which adjusts the statistical model using relevant parameters obtained from the deterministic simulator. To evaluate realistic VANET transmissions, we have integrated our hybrid model in fully compliant 802.11 p and 802.11 n physical layers. This framework is then used with the NS-2 network simulator. Our simulation results show that UM-CRT is adapted for VANETs simulations in urban areas as it gives a good approximation of realistic channel propagation mechanisms while improving significantly simulation time.

scholarly journals Transmission Power Based Intelligent Model in VANET

2020 ◽  
pp. 768-775
Author(s):  
Pushpender Sarao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Model ◽  
Research Domain

Vehicular ad-hoc networks is very popular research domain in which research work is going on at various aspects like routing the data without loss end-to-end. Routing in such networks is very tedious task due to frequently changing the position of vehicles location-wise. In this paper an intelligent model has been developed on the basis of adaptive neuro fuzzy system for OLSR routing protocol in VANET. The proposed model is designed based on input parameters average goodput and mac/phy-overhead. Based on these parameters, transmission power can be predicted. Triangular and Gaussian membership functions have been applied for designing the decision model. A comparison work also has been carried out for Gaussian, triangular functions and NS-3 based results. At the same time, the model is investigated by simulation work carried out on network simulator-3 (NS-3) platform.

scholarly journals Traffic Deadlock Resolution System using Internet of Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Deadlock Detection ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deadlock Resolution ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

The number of vehicles on the road are increasing rapidly day by day, which leads to massive road congestions and traffic deadlocks. This paper proposes a model for an algorithm-based technique for efficient resolution of road traffic deadlocks, which would work on the technologies related to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), while keeping the safe and efficient movement of vehicles along with the maintenance of constant communication with nearby vehicles and roadside infrastructure using Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). This would ultimately aid towards the optimization of road traffic, which is very much a need of the hour considering the ever-increasing amount of traffic on the roads today. We make use of two important phases, namely, Deadlock Detection Phase and Deadlock Resolution Phase in order to resolve traffic deadlocks. An equally important focus has been put towards a deep understanding of the motivation behind the efforts put in this paper by examining the present scenario of road traffic conditions and their resulting complications, and how the proposed model could potentially help resolve such complications. It also involves a brief discussion on VANETs, which provides an efficient means of connecting the vehicles together in a network for seamless communications

scholarly journals Design of the Emergency Messages Integration for Vehicle to Everything (V2X) Communications of Connected Cars

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.33) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Eom Young-Hyun ◽  
Inhwan Kim ◽  
Hyunmi Yoo ◽  
Sungguk Cho ◽  
Byungkook Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Safety Message ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Connected Cars ◽  
Hoc Networks

So far, international standardization of message specifications between V2X(Vehicle to Everything) safety communications are BSM(Basic Safety Message) by US-led SAE and CAM(Cooperative Awareness Message)/DENM(Decentralized Environmental Notification Message) by EU-led ETSI. However, in the emergency situation such as car accidents or road traffic jam, there may be insufficient time to process all messages. In this paper, we propose an integration of emergency messages for V2X communications of connected vehicles in VANETs(Vehicular Ad hoc Networks), To do this, we are using the Mobile Virtual Fence(MVF), which has been preliminarily researched and developed. So we extract and integrate only emergency messages as the fields of similar messages between BSM and CAM/DENM, and apply it to the MVF. If it will be the connected MVFs like connected cars in the future and any traffic accident or traffic jam occurs, the proposed messages will be communicated to each other to avoid the accident. Therefore the proposed integration of emergency messages between BSM and CAM/DENM specification will be contribute to improve the safety and reliability as the unified and integrated emergency messages.  

Mobility and Traffic Model Analysis for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 214-232
Author(s):  
Shrirang Ambaji Kulkarni ◽  
G. Raghavendra Rao
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Mobility Models ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks represent a specialized application of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Here the mobile nodes move in lanes and their mobility can be modeled based on realistic traffic scenarios. To meet the above challenge the goal of defining the mobility model for vehicular ad hoc network along with a realistic traffic pattern is an important research area. Vehicular mobility is characterized by acceleration, deceleration, possibility of different lanes and intelligent driving patterns. Also a modeling of traffic is necessary to evaluate a vehicular ad hoc network in a highway environment. The traffic model has to take into account the driver behavior in order to take decisions of when to overtake, change lanes, accelerate and decelerate. To overcome the limitation of traditional mobility models and mimic traffic models, many traffic model based simulators like CORSIM, PARAMICS and MOVE have been proposed. In this chapter we provide taxonomy of mobility models and analyze their implications. To study the impact of mobility model on routing protocol for vehicular motion of nodes we analyze the performance of mobility models with suitable metrics and study their correlation with routing protocol. We also discuss the fundamentals of traffic engineering and provide an insight into traffic dynamics with the Intelligent Driver Model along with its lane changing behavior.

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