scholarly journals QUALITY OF GRAINS OF COLLECTIVE SAMPLES OF SOFT WHEAT OF DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE ORENBURG REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Тимошенкова ◽  
Tatyana Timoshenkova ◽  
Феофан Самуилов ◽  
Feofan Samuilov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Orenburg Region

In scientific work the estimation of technological parameters of grain of wheat varieties of different ecological groups is presented at cultivation in steppe of Orenburg region. Investigations of qualitative properties of grain of spring soft wheat revealed that high-grade grain forms varieties of steppe Volga, eastern and southern ecotypes. More vitreous grains are characteristic of varieties of steppe Volga and eastern ecological groups. Grain with a protein content of 14% and higher is characterized by varieties of forest-steppe West Siberian and forest-steppe eastern, steppe Volga, steppe eastern and steppe southern ecological groups. A high content of gluten (33-34%) was noted in varieties of the steppe Volga, eastern and southern ecotypes. From all studied ecotypes, a grain was obtained with quality gluten of Groups I-III. Most of the varieties of the forest-steppe West Siberian and eastern, steppe Volga, eastern and southern ecological groups in the steppe zone of the Orenburg region form 1-2 grade grains, and samples of forest North Russian and East Siberian forest ecological groups - 3-4 classes.

The size of under-ear interstice and productivity of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups in the forest-steppe of Orenburg region

10.12737/6546 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Мухитов ◽  
Lenar Mukhitov ◽  
Самуилов ◽  
Feofan Samuilov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
The Impact

The impact of contrasting conditions of water availability on the size of the upper internodes in wheat varieties was studied under the conditions of the Orenburg steppe zone. It was noted, that less drought-resistant varieties formed a short upper internodes. We conducted a mathematical analysis of the relationship of productivity and length of ear-carrying internodes of spring soft wheat varieties of different ecological groups. It was established, that we can observe a gradual increase of grain productivity with increasing the length of the upper internodes in the studied range. As a result, the following varities were selected for inclusion into the hybridization: Logachevka, Tulaykovskaya steppe, Tulaykovskaya 1, Tulaykovskaya Belozernaya, Prokhorovka and Uchitel. They have the optimal settings for the presented feature. Using the selected varieties as parental forms can enhance the efficiency of wheat breeding programs for resistance to drought in the forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals The yield and baking quality of Siberia-bred spring soft wheat varieties in the north forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Anastasia Afonasyevna Kazak ◽  
Yury Pavlovich Loginov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Early Ripening

Over the past century and at the beginning of the current one, Siberian breeders have been intensively breeding spring soft wheat for improving the yield and grain quality. The ecologically and geographically diverse source material has been used at the breeding and educational institutions of the region. Thus, in the severe Siberian conditions, the wheat gene pool has been painstakingly created. It has been very difficult here to solve the problem of improving the grain quality, but, given the determination and the talent of many breeders and geneticists, the gene pool of valuable and strong wheat varieties has been created. As a result, being formerly a consumer of food wheat, Siberia has now become a region producing high-quality grain for domestic use and sale in the foreign market. The gene pool of spring soft wheat, which is so rich in the volume and quality, has not been studied in full, and not used throughout Siberia. In 2013 – 2015, sixteen valuable and strong varieties of Siberia-bred wheat had been studied in the northern zone of the Tyumen region on the experimental field of the Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University. It has been found that the average productivity of the early-ripening Novosibirskaya 16, Tulun 15, and Polyushko varieties over the three years amounted to 2.52 – 2.89 t/ha, and was close to the yield (2.35 – 3.10 t/ha) of the middle-early ripening varieties. In the midseason-ripening group, the Alyoshina and Altayskaya 110 and 325 varieties exceeded the Tyumen-bred standard Lutescens 70 by 0.23 – 0.69 t/ha with the yield of the latter being 2.54 t/ha. In terms of the content and quality of gluten, the following varieties stood out: Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, Tulun 15, Polyushko, Omskaya 36, Skala, Boyevchanka, Pamyati Vavenkova, Tyumenskaya 80, Alyoshina, and Altayskaya 325. In terms of baking properties (3.7 – 4.2 points), the following varieties stood out: Iren, Novosibirskaya 15, 29, 31, Polyushko, Skala, Boyevchanka, Pamyati Vavenkova, Tyumenskaya 80, Tulunskaya 12, and Altayskaya 325, which can be used as the source material for further wheat breeding.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PHYSICAL GRAIN PROPERTIES OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE TRANS-URALS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Filippova ◽  
◽  
L.T. Maltseva ◽  
N.Yu. Bannikova ◽  
I.A. Drobot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Grain Properties

scholarly journals Adaptive capacity of winter wheat varieties and formation of qualitative properties of grain of various ecological and geographical origin

1970 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
V. H. Kryzhanivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Purpose. Investigate the features of adaptive ability of winter wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin and reveal the mechanisms of formation of such valuable features as the nature of grain and yield. Methods. In this work, a systematic method of the variants placement was used; field methods – for conducting phenological observations and accounting, laboratory (for establishment of collection varieties), biometric and measuring-weight (for accounting the productivity and yield), mathematical and statistical (objective evaluation of the obtained experimental data). Results. The research was conducted in the research field of the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of Uman National University of Horticulture in 2019-2020. Over the years of research, the nature of grain has changed somewhat. Thus, in 2019, in the varieties that were created in the southern Forest-Steppe, it ranged from 733-766 g/l, while in 2020 these values were 719-748 g/l. In wheat varieties created for the Steppe natural zone, the figure for 2019 was in the range from 743 to 791 g/l, in 2020 it was 719-774 g/l. In 2020, the yield of winter wheat grain of the SN Kombin variety (Forest-Steppe zone) was the highest and amounted to 748 g/l, which is more than the indicators of the Columbia variety and the standard by 42 and 28 g/l respectively. Of the varieties created in the southern Forest-Steppe, Columbia had the lowest yield – 4.1 t/ha. The SN Kombin variety exceeded the Smuglyanka variety by 2.0 t/ha. High grain yield was in the Samurai variety, created in the Steppe zone, which was 10.3 t/ha, or more by 9%. Conclusions. The highest indicator of grain yield was found in the variety Anter, which was 774 g/l, which is 59 g/l more than the control. During the years of research, the weight of 1000 grains in the Samurai variety was the highest and amounted to 47.1 g, which is higher than the standard by 1.3 g. High grain yield was in the Samurai variety, created in the Steppe zone, which was 10.6 t/ha , or by 1.4 t/ha more compared to the standard. Variety Anter formed a 9.2 t/ha grain yield (at the level of the Smuglyanka variety). Thus, on average, for two years of research, the highest yields showed the SN Kombin and Samurai varieties, which amounted to 10.9 and 10.3 t/ha respectively. Other varieties of wheat, such as Smuglyanka and Anter, had almost the same yield – 8.9-8.8 t/ha.

scholarly journals The study of adaptive ability of varieties of winter soft wheat by yield and quality of grain in the condi-tions of forest steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Svetlana Valentinovna Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Adaptive Ability

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptive ability of winter soft wheat varieties in terms of yield and grain quality in the conditions of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga. Studies were conducted in 2013–2015 at the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture. The research material was 17 varieties of winter soft wheat, including 9 zoned varieties and 8 varieties of own breeding. Vegetation conditions during the years of research varied in temperature and the amount of precipitation. The vegetation period of 2013 was characterized by favorable conditions, 163.9 mm of precipitation fell over the entire period, which is 6.7 mm higher than the average long-term norm, the average daily air temperature is 17.1 ?С (higher than the average annual norm by 2 ?С), hydrothermal coefficient (GTK ) is 1.1. In 2014 and 2015 drought during the was observed exit to the earing tube — water supply was 13.4 mm and 20.8 mm, which is 27.5 mm and 20.1 mm lower than the average long-term norm; increased average daily air temperatures up to 18.8 ?С and 17.6 ?С, which is higher than the average annual norm by 3.4 ?С and 2.0 ?С; GTK 0.2 and 0.4, respectively. As a result of studying varieties of winter soft wheat under different growing conditions using stability parameters, the most suitable varieties for cultivation in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region were identified and recommended as starting material: the grain productivity, Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07 (S2di = 3.6), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (S2di = 10.4); according to the total glassiness, Moskovskaya 39 (bi = 0.37, S2di = 0.19), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (bi = 0.73, S2di = 0.17), Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.81, S2di = 0.66), Biryuza (bi = 0.81, S2di = 0.86); the nature of grain Biryuza (bi = 0.12, S2di = 2.2), Klavdiya 2 (bi = 0.25, S2di = 8.1), Nympha (bi = 0.75, S2di = 6.3); according to the quality of gluten in grain Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.63, S2di = 0.60), Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 (bi = 0.94, S2di = 0.11); according to the protein content in the grain, Bezenchukskaya 380 (bi = 0.88, S2di = 0.25), Orenburgskaya 105 (bi = 0.86, S2di = 0.01), Moskovskaya 39 (bi = 0.90, S2di = 0, 01), Alonushka (bi = 0.94, S2di = 0.26), Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07 (bi = 0.93, S2di = 0.09); according to a set of attributes Bezenchukskaya 380, Lutescens 35 / 01-2-07, Lutescens 26 / 03-1-06 for creating new forms.

scholarly journals The influence of microbiological fertilisers on the productivity and quality of winter wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 564-568
Author(s):  
Yuri Koryagin ◽  
Evgenia Kulikova ◽  
Saniya Efremova ◽  
Nadezhda Sukhova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Gluten Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Paenibacillus Mucilaginosus

The study was aimed at assessing the yield and quality of winter wheat grains inoculated with Beijerinckia fluminensis (Azotovit) and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus (Phosphatovit) in a three-year experiment on leached Chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The seeds of the plants were treated before sowing with microbiological fertilisers, both individually and together at a dose of 2 L/t. Bacteria Beijerinckia fluminensis and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus contained in fertilisers increased the resistance of plants to adverse conditions: seedling completeness increased by 5.4%, winter hardiness by 17.4%, and harvestability by 15.0%. The use of fertilisers led to an increase in the productivity of winter wheat grain to 32.4%. The technological parameters characterising the baking properties were improved: the content of crude gluten in the grain of winter wheat has increased to 29.1% at 75 GDI (gluten deformation index) units (I group (good) of gluten quality).

scholarly journals ECOLOGY OF LEPIDOPTERANS OF SATYRIDAE FAMILY IN SOUTHERN TRANS-URALS

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Khlyzova
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Trophic Specialization ◽  
Turf Grass ◽  
Small Leaf ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Small Forest

Satyr fauna of the Southern trans-Urals is represented by 24 species, 2 of which - P. afra and E. medusa - are included in the Red Book of the Kurgan region as species of vanishing number and range. In terms of the wintering phases of satyrs of the Kurgan region, they are possible to be divided into 2 ecological groups: wintering caterpillars (19 species) and wintering pupae (2 species). The hibernating phases of C. hero , P. afra and C. persephone haven’t been identified. Among satyrs divided by the wideness of trophic specialization of caterpillars there exist broad oligophages and broad polyphages. According to the flight terms of imago satyrs of the Southern trans-Urals, they can be divided into 3 phenological groups: early-summer (6 species), summer (15 species) and late-summer (1 species). Satyr fauna in the region generally can be called forest-steppe. According to the peculiarities of the passage of the main parts of the areas, the satyrs can be divided into 3 groups. The first group unites 4 species that are widespread in the northern and southern forest-steppe, the herbage-grass-turf-grass steppe. The second group includes 16 species that occur only in the forest-steppe zone. The third group consists of 4 species, whose most favorable habitats are located in the herbage-turf-grass steppe. According to the landscape-biotope confinement, regional satyrs can be divided into 4 ecological groups: inhabitants of pine-small-leaf forests, inhabitants of the small forest - campestral landscape, inhabitants of steppes and steppe areas, eurybionts. The fauna of glades of pine-small-leaf forests is mostly rich in species. The generality of the species composition of the satyrs of the small forest - campestral and steppe landscapes reaches 53%. First of all, this is due to the quick spread of cereals in these landscapes, which are fodder plants for caterpillars of most species of this family.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE INTROGRESSIVE LINES OF SOFT SPRING WHEAT WITH AGROPYRON ELONGATUM GENES SUSTAINABLE TO SEPTORIOUS IN WESTERN SIBERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Людмила Плотникова ◽  
Lyudmila Plotnikova ◽  
Айнура Сагындекова ◽  
Aynur Sagyndekova ◽  
Галина Бережкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Introgressive Lines

In Western Siberia, the resistance to septoria was tested for samples of wheatgrass of elongated Agropyron elongatum and introgressive lines of spring soft wheat with its genes, created at Omsk State Agrarian University. The experiments were conducted in the field in the forest-steppe zone of the south of Western Siberia (Omsk) in 2013-2016 on an annual natural infectious background. In 2013, the manifestations of septoriosis were weak, in 2014-2015 - moderate, and in 2016 epiphytoty was spread, which led to a severe defeat of varieties of West Siberian selection. A. elongatum samples showed immunity to the disease. In 2013, 15 promising wheat lines were identified that showed high or medium resistance to the Septoria tritici fungus, causing leaf spotting, and Parastagonospora nodorum, which affects leaves and spikes. The lines were predominantly in the middle or middle groups. According to the results of four-year experiments in contrasting weather conditions, the best lines on average showed higher productivity than, or comparable to, the standard varieties, mainly due to the increased number of productive stems of the plant and a high mass of 1000 grains. During the period of observation, there was an increase in the damage of wheat varieties and lines by the causative agents of Septoria, especially S. tritici. In 2013, 8 lines showed high resistance to leaf damage, 10 lines - ears. During the epiphytosis of 2016 year the resistance to S. tritici retained only 2 lines. The resistance to damage to the ear was more stable, in 2016, 6 lines were high, and 5 - medium resistant to P. nodorum. Two lines showed high resistance to septoriosis of leaves and ear. Dedicated lines are recommended for use in breeding soft wheat for resistance to disease.

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