scholarly journals Piast castle on Ostrów Tumski island in Wrocław

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 255-274
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Chorowska ◽  
Wojciech Bartz ◽  
Mariusz Caban ◽  
Eryk Wodejko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Absolute Dating

The article briefly presents the author’s hypothesis of architectural changes in the ducal castle on Ostrów Tumski in Wrocław, which was developed based on the results of architectural studies of the relics of the castle walls uncovered in excavations in 2011–2012 and 2014, in combination with the results of laboratory tests such as petrographic and mineralogical analysis of mortars, 14C analysis of charcoal contained in mortars and extensive analysis of brick dimensions using statistical methods. As a result, a chronological stratification into eight phases from the 12th to 15th centuries is proposed. Absolute dating was addressed through radiocarbon analyses and historical context.

scholarly journals Vitamin D (25 ( OH) D ) in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 2-5

2016 ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Restrepo Valencia ◽  
Jose Vicente Aguirre Arango
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Objective: To determine whether patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) without dialysis their stage impacts the native vitamin D levels. Methods: Patients over 18 years with chronic kidney disease stage 2-5 without dialysis treatment. They demographic, anthropometric variables, degree of sun exposure, disease etiology and laboratory variables related to bone and mineral disorders were evaluated. Study analytical cross-sectional prospective. Descriptive statistical methods for quantitative and qualitative are characterized, and analytical correlation between levels of vitamin D statistical laboratory tests related to bone and mineral disorders, sun exposure and ethnicity variables for each stage were characterized. By descriptive statistical methods, quantitative and qualitative variables were characterized, and analytical statistical correlation between levels of vitamin D with laboratory tests related to bone and mineral disorders, sun exposure and ethnicity for each stage were practiced. Results: 331 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 71 years, the mestizo majority (71%), 173 women, main etiology of CKD hypertensive nephropathy (33.2%). 21.1% of patients had normal levels of vitamin D, 70.1% insufficient, and 8.8% in deficit. Negative correlation was detected between the levels of vitamin 25(OH)D and serum creatinine, phosphorus, calcium x phosphorus product, PTH, proteins in urine 24 hours and BMI. Positive correlation for calcium and albumin. Positive statistical significance between the levels of vitamin 25(OH)D and sun exposure for 3b and 4 stages was found. Conclusions: In patients with CKD is common to detect low levels of vitamin 25(OH)D, which can contribute to the generation of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

scholarly journals The effect of CO2 on cement composites produced with an admixture of waste sludge water from a concrete plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Lukas Klus ◽  
Jakub Svoboda ◽  
Vojtech Václavik ◽  
Tomas Dvorský ◽  
Jiri Botula
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Mixing Water

Abstract This article presents the results of a research dealing with the effect of CO2 on cement composites prepared on the basis of waste sludge water from the concrete plant. The designed formulas R1 and R3 use waste sludge water from the concrete plant as a partial or complete replacement of mixing water in the production of cement composites. The mixing water was replaced by waste sludge water in the amounts of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Laboratory tests that are defined in ČSN EN 1008 standard were performed in order to determine the effect of partial or complete replacement of mixing water. The test specimens were further subjected to the effect of CO2 in the Lamart laboratory chamber, where the effect of CO2 was simulated for the period 50 years. Subsequently, the cement composites were tested for their strength characteristics (tensile flexural strength, compressive strength) and subjected to a mineralogical analysis. The results show that the effect of CO2 will reduce the strength characteristics of the composite compared to the comparative samples.

scholarly journals On the Influence of Religious Assumptions in Statistical Methods Used in Science

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Cornelius Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Evolutionary Theories ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Logical Fallacy

For several centuries, statistical testing has been used to support evolutionary theories. Given the diverse origins and applications of these tests, it is remarkable how consistent they are. One common theme among these tests is that they appear to be founded on the logical fallacy of a false dichotomy. Is this true? It would be somewhat surprising if such diverse and historically important works are all guilty of the same naïve fallacy. Here, I explore these works and their historical context. I demonstrate that they are not logically fallacious, but instead incorporate and require a religious assumption about how a Creator would act. I conclude that this religious assumption and its influence on science should be considered in models of the interaction between science and religion.

Statistics and parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
T. E. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Trigonometric Parallaxes ◽  
Systematic And Random Errors

This review paper deals with the use of statistical methods to evaluate systematic and random errors associated with trigonometric parallaxes. First, systematic errors which arise when using trigonometric parallaxes to calibrate luminosity systems are discussed. Next, determination of the external errors of parallax measurement are reviewed. Observatory corrections are discussed. Schilt’s point, that as the causes of these systematic differences between observatories are not known the computed corrections can not be applied appropriately, is emphasized. However, modern parallax work is sufficiently accurate that it is necessary to determine observatory corrections if full use is to be made of the potential precision of the data. To this end, it is suggested that a prior experimental design is required. Past experience has shown that accidental overlap of observing programs will not suffice to determine observatory corrections which are meaningful.

Critical limb ischaemia in diabetes: definition, assessment, prognosis

VASA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement 58) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Luther
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Arterial Reconstruction ◽  
Arterial Circulation ◽  
Diabetic Foot Disease ◽  
Foot Disease ◽  
Fontaine Classification

In diabetic foot disease, critical limb ischaemia (CLI) cannot be precisely described using established definitions. For clinical use, the Fontaine classification complemented with any objective verification of a reduced arterial circulation is sufficient for decision making. For scientific purposes, objective measurement criteria should be reported. Assessment of CLI should rely on the physical examination of the limb arteries, complemented by laboratory tests like the shape of the PVR curve at ankle or toe levels, and arteriography. The prognosis of CLI in diabetic foot disease depends on the success of arterial reconstruction. The best prognosis for the patients is with a preserved limb. Reconstructive surgery is the best choice for the majority of patients.

Psychology as a Profession and a Science

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ype H. Poortinga ◽  
Ingrid Lunt
Keyword(s):  
European Association ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Professional Psychologists

The European Association of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA) was created in 1981 as the European Association of Professional Psychologists’ Associations (EFPPA). We show that Shakespeare’s dictum “What’s in a name?” does not apply here and that the loss of the “first P” (the adjectival “professional”) was resisted for almost two decades and experienced by many as a serious loss. We recount some of the deliberations preceding the change and place these in a broader historical context by drawing parallels with similar developments elsewhere. Much of the argument will refer to an underlying controversy between psychology as a science and the practice of psychology, a controversy that is stronger than in most other sciences, but nevertheless needs to be resolved.

The Reliability of Retrieval-Induced Forgetting

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Potts ◽  
Robin Law ◽  
John F. Golding ◽  
David Groome
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Test Items ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
Induced Forgetting

Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) refers to the finding that the retrieval of an item from memory impairs the retrieval of related items. The extent to which this impairment is found in laboratory tests varies between individuals, and recent studies have reported an association between individual differences in the strength of the RIF effect and other cognitive and clinical factors. The present study investigated the reliability of these individual differences in the RIF effect. A RIF task was administered to the same individuals on two occasions (sessions T1 and T2), one week apart. For Experiments 1 and 2 the final retrieval test at each session made use of a category-cue procedure, whereas Experiment 3 employed category-plus-letter cues, and Experiment 4 used a recognition test. In Experiment 2 the same test items that were studied, practiced, and tested at T1 were also studied, practiced, and tested at T2, but for the remaining three experiments two different item sets were used at T1 and T2. A significant RIF effect was found in all four experiments. A significant correlation was found between RIF scores at T1 and T2 in Experiment 2, but for the other three experiments the correlations between RIF scores at T1 and T2 failed to reach significance. This study therefore failed to find clear evidence for reliable individual differences in RIF performance, except where the same test materials were used for both test sessions. These findings have important implications for studies involving individual differences in RIF performance.

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