scholarly journals Proces starzenia się społeczeństw

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6(75)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan W. Tkaczyński ◽  
Joanna M. Guzik ◽  
Maciej Pletnia
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Industrial Revolutions ◽  
Low Birth Rate

The Process of Ageing of Societies: On the Need for Research on (In)Resilience of Demographic Change and (In)Appropriateness of State Social Policy in the Context of the Japanese, South Korean, German and Polish Experiences The existence of a low birth rate has so far frequently been associated with the repercussions of either armed conflicts or epidemics. Economic crises, religious upheavals, cultural changes or industrial revolutions have also been cited as causes, albeit less frequently. The phenomenon of the ageing of societies which we are currently observing, however, has – by all indications – other and not yet fully defined causes. It is therefore worth considering not only why this is happening, but also if the phenomenon stems from the same causes everywhere. It may well be that the phenomenon of ageing societies occurs in various parts of the globe, but this does not prove that it is an automatism, caused by the same combination of factors. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify which of the defined factors play a catalytic role in the process under consideration, and which factors are indifferent or of marginal significance in relation to it, as well as whether it is possible, on the basis of comparative analysis of the cases of the proposed countries, to ascribe universal importance to all of them?

The marketization of childcare and elderly care, and its results in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1260-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongho Chon
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
South Korean Government ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Low Birth Rate

To cope with a low birth rate and an aging population, some East Asian countries have actively reformed their care systems for children and older people by adopting policies for the marketization of care services. This research aims to explore the recent implementation of marketization of childcare and elderly care services by the South Korean government, and to examine the outcomes of the implementation of such policies. Owing to the marketization of services, a number of positive and challenging results have been reported. Similarities and differences have appeared in the processes and outcomes of the marketization of care between child and elderly services.

scholarly journals La renta básica universal y los Programas Electorales 2016 de los Partidos Políticos

2019 ◽  
pp. 237-255
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Political ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Social Equality

Resumen: El trabajo se centra en una cuestión poco tratada, como es la renta básica universal y su relación con los actuales programas de los partidos políticos, con los que han concurrido a las elecciones generales, con una doble dimensión: a) lo que cada programa presenta y defiende acerca de esta renta o medidas similares (justificación, alcance y límites), y b) una vez esbozadas la idea y alcance de la renta en cada partido, el análisis comparativo de las diversas propuestas de los partidos, abundando en la cercanía o la distancia de tales propuestas con una renta básica universal Palabras clave:renta básica universal, rentas de solidaridad, políticas sociales, igualdad social, soluciones a la pobreza. Abstract: The work focuses on a little-treated issue, as it is the universal basic income and its relationship with existing programmes of the political parties, which have attended the general election, with a double dimension: (a) what each program presents and defends about this income or similar measures (justification, scope and limits), and b) once outlined the idea and scope of the income in each party, the comparative analysis of the various proposals of the parties, abounding in the closeness or distance of such proposals with a universal basic income. Keywords:universal basic income, income from solidarity, social policy, social equality, solutions to poverty.

scholarly journals Urbanization: Exploring Rural-Urban Migration, Conflict, and Anthropogenic Change in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guibor Camargo ◽  
Andrés Miguel Sampayo ◽  
Andrés Peña Galindo ◽  
Francisco Escobedo ◽  
Fernando Carriazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Change ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Anthropogenic change is generally associated with population growth, land use change, and changing economies. However, internal migration patterns and armed conflicts can also be key drivers behind these anthropogenic change and demographic change processes. To better understand this dynamic, we explore the spatial relationship between forced migration due to armed conflict and changing demographic factors in Colombia; a country with a recent history of 7 million internal migrants. First, we spatiotemporally analyzed the relationship between anthropogenic and demographic change due to forced migration from internal armed conflicts using remote sensing to measure anthropogenic change during 1984-2018 and we then used statistical and spatial analyses of demographic data. We found that anthropogenic change is significantly and positively related with increased rural-urban migration. Results show that interregional expulsion is also negatively associated with such anthropogenic change. Indeed, different regions anthropogenic prints have had different sensibilities towards forced migration, and across different time periods. Findings are then used to discuss how social and political phenomena such as armed conflict can have significant effects on the dynamics and trajectories of humans and territories in countries such as Colombia.

scholarly journals The Importance of Economic Security in Shaping Cultural Behaviors Influenced by Progressive Globalization Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Daniel Kucharek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
The Impact

One of the most transparent manifestations of globalization processes currently occurring is the phenomenon of economic migration. It is associated with the movement of large masses of people from poor, economically underdeveloped regions often disturbed by armed conflicts to economically developed countries with already shaped prosperity. Migration processes pose many economic, social and cultural problems that discourage the population of wealthy countries from receiving incoming migrants. This article was organized in order to firstly consider the impact of economic migration on the phenomenon of changes in the population structure and thus cultural changes that might result from it. The next stage of the conducted analysis refers to the problem of commodification of artworks created within the area of culture. An important effect of the conducted research is to draw attention to the phenomenon of blurring differences, and, as a result, the emergence of widely accepted, supranational cultural patterns. Finally, the undertaken research identifies possible opportunities and threats for sustainable development of culture on an economically diverse world.

scholarly journals SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ISSUES OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT NURSES IN JAPAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Yoko Ishikawa ◽  
. Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Internationally Educated Nurses ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Low Birth Rate

Cooperation with IENs (Internationally Educated Nurses) is increasingly important given the aging society and low birth rate in Japan. This study focuses on lived experiences of Indonesian nurses in Japan. Objectives of this study were to clarify their experiences and views in terms of the scope of nursing and cultural adaptation, and to examine whether cultural barriers are among the reasons nurses return to their home country. The study was based upon in-depth interviews with Indonesian nurses who had worked in Japan. Fourteen Indonesian nurses participated in the study. Indonesian nurses viewed Japanese work culture as hardworking, requiring excessive punctuality, having too many rules, and maintaining hierarchy between junior and senior nurses.Collaboration with doctors, integrated elderly care, and touching emerged as differences in the nursing practice. Indonesian nurses hesitated to touch patients as they did in Indonesia due to cultural differences. Religious practice among Muslims and family priority were reasons to return to Indonesia. To utilize IEN’s skills, not only must the migrants learn Japanese culture and values, but it will be necessary for Japanese employers and staff to understand the values of the IENs.

A production of education migrants: A case study of South Korean transnational families in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjung Lee ◽  
Marjorie Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Transnational Families ◽  
Source Country ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Source Countries

This article critically examines the close tie between host and source countries in producing education migration. Using South Korea and Canada as a case study, our analysis illustrates how the gradual granting/limiting of citizenship to education migrants is ingrained in social policy which contributes to the nation-building of the host country while relying on ‘foreign’ income from the source country, impinging on family life (i.e. splitting family structure trans-nationally), and risking social integration. Although the actors are changed from labor migrants to education migrants the same dynamic of excluding migrants from citizenship and distinguishing worthy migrants from non-worthy migrants remains unchanged.

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