أثر الخصائص الشخصية لرجل البيع على أدائه البيعي : دراسة ميدانية على قطاع السيارات في الجزائر = The Impact of Salesman Personality Traits on His Selling Performance : A Field Study on the Automotive Sector in Algeria

The aim of this study is to reveals the Impact of managerial empowerment in creative thinking at the private sector banks of Kurdistan Region .the study depends on descriptive and analytical methodize using the practical manner. Study sample consists of employees in (13) banks of the private sector at Kurdistan Region, its amounted (132). a major study finding that there is a significant statistical impact and positive statistical significant correlation between managerial empowerment and creative thinking ,by its factors, Originality ,Flexibility ,Fluency, Sensitivity to the problems and the ability to analyze .

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Perspectives on the Situation

The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190224837.013.4 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 66-96

Author(s):

Harry T. Reis ◽

John G. Holmes

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Processes ◽

Social Psychological ◽

The Impact

This chapter reviews major theoretical positions on the influence of situations for the understanding of both personality and social–psychological processes. We review the history and current status of this topic, and we describe in some detail two recent theories that seem particularly amenable toward resolving the disparate approaches that this distinction often engenders. Broadly considered, our position is that personality and situations must be considered interacting factors, but in a theoretically specific way. The concept of affordance—that situations provide opportunities for the expression of certain personality traits—is central to our analysis. We also discuss several issues that personality and social psychologists might profitably consider to provide better grounding for theories and research about the impact of situations on behavior.

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The temporal sensitivity to the tactile-induced double flash illusion mediates the impact of beta oscillations on schizotypal personality traits

Consciousness and Cognition ◽

10.1016/j.concog.2021.103121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 103121

Author(s):

Francesca Fotia ◽

Jason Cooke ◽

Loes Van Dam ◽

Francesca Ferri ◽

Vincenzo Romei

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Beta Oscillations ◽

Schizotypal Personality ◽

The Impact ◽

Double Flash

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Employee Behaviors toward Using and Saving Energy at Work. The Impact of Personality Traits

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3404

Author(s):

Dawid Szostek

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Organizational Citizenship ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Organizational Citizenship Behaviors ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Citizenship Behaviors ◽

The Impact

The purpose of the article is to determine how personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience) affect organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment (OCBE), especially in the context of energy saving. The purpose is also to verify the hypothesis that this impact is significantly moderated by individuals’ demographic characteristic (sex, age, length of service, work type and economic sector of employment). To achieve the purposes, a survey was conducted in 2020 on 454 working people from Poland. The analysis was based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The research model assumed that particular types of personality affect direct and indirect OCBEs, including energy-saving patterns. The model also included the aforementioned demographic characteristics of respondents. I proved that personality traits have a significant impact on direct and indirect organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment. In the case of direct OCBEs, the energy-saving items that were most significantly affected by employee personality were: I am a person who turns off my lights when leaving my office for any reason; I am a person who turns off the lights in a vacant room; I am a person who makes sure all of the lights are turned off if I am the last to leave. The strongest predicators were Neuroticism (negative relationship) and Agreeableness (positive relationship) for direct OCBE, but Extraversion (positive relationship) and Agreeableness (negative relationship) for indirect OCBE. The impact of an individual’s personality on OCBE was significantly moderated mainly for indirect behaviors. This applied to all the analyzed demographic variables, but it was stronger for women, employees aged up to 40 years, those with 10 years or more experience, office/clerical workers, and public sector employees. The article discusses the theoretical framework, research limitations, future research directions and practical implications.

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Testing the Effect of Hedge Height on Perceived Safety—A Landscape Design Intervention

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13095063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 5063

Author(s):

Katinka H. Evensen ◽

Helena Nordh ◽

Ramzi Hassan ◽

Aslak Fyhri

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Landscape Design ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Space Management ◽

Perceived Safety ◽

Urban Green Spaces ◽

Outdoor Spaces ◽

Surrounding Areas ◽

The Impact

Access to safe, green urban environments is important for quality of life in cities. The objective of this study is to explore the impact of a safety-enhancing landscape design measure on visitors’ experiences in an urban park. Additionally, this paper combines the use of field and virtual reality (VR) experiments, contributing methodological insights into how to evaluate safety measures in green space management and research on perceived safety. In a field experiment (n = 266), we explored whether the height of a hedge along a pathway influenced perceived safety among users. The field study showed that cutting down the hedge improved the perceived prospect of the immediate surrounding areas for female users, which again made them feel safer in the park. We developed a VR experiment for an evening scenario in the same environment (n = 19) to supplement the field study and test the effect of the intervention further. The VR experiment also found a gender effect on perceived safety, with females reporting lower perceived safety, but no effect was shown for the height of the hedge. The results in this study show that environmental attributes such as perceived prospect and concealment should be considered in the design and management of urban green spaces. Additionally, this research demonstrates an approach to conducting field experiments to test the effects of actual design interventions and then further developing these experiments using VR technology. Further research on perceived safety in outdoor spaces is needed to make use of this combined method’s potential.

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