Soil Surface Wetting Pattern under Trickle Source in Arid Lands : Badia Regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Abu-Awwad ◽  
Jawad T. Al-Bakri ◽  
Mashal M. Alfawwaz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Surface Wetting ◽  
Wetting Pattern

Low pasture productivity of a sedimentary soil in relation to phosphate and water supply

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (88) ◽  
pp. 776 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cornish ◽  
LF Myers
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Phosphate Level ◽  
Surface Wetting ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Phosphorous Uptake ◽  
Surface Drying ◽  
Available Phosphate ◽  
High Phosphate

Reasons for the low pasture production of a soil derived from Ordovician sediments in the Yass Valley 50 km north of Canberra were investigated in field and glasshouse experiments. In the field, at a moderate phosphate level, application of water to the soil surface in the autumn increased yields although rainfall was above average and soil water was adequate for growth. At a high phosphate level there was no response to this surface wetting. In this soil, available phosphate (Truog) was confined to the 0-5 cm layer. In the glasshouse surface wetting increased yield and phosphorous uptake even though soil water was maintained at adequate levels below the immediate surface. Placement of phosphate at 8 cm depth where the soil remained wet for a longer time led to substantial yield increases over surface applied phosphate. In the field, a productive soil nearby derived from porphyry rock did not respond to surface wetting and yields were higher than those on the sedimentary soil. In the following moist spring, yields on the sedimentary soil were slightly better (P < 0.01) than yields on the porphyry soil. Available evidence suggests that surface drying limits the uptake of surface applied phosphate on the sedimentary soil. Thus phosphate levels that would be adequate for growth are inadequate in the early autumn when evaporation from the soil surface is greatest. On the adjacent porphyry soil, surface applications were fully effective.

How arid lands and snow water help feed us: Abstract

1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Winifred Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Arid Lands ◽  
Snow Water

Modelling the mineralisation of plant residues on the soil surface

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 711-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Berkenkamp ◽  
Eckart Priesack ◽  
Jean Charles Munch
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Plant Residues

Status and development prospects of standard means for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and radon flux density from the soil surface

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
S.G. Birjukov ◽  
O.I. Kovalenko ◽  
A.A. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Volumetric Activity ◽  
Standard Means ◽  
Radon Flux ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Physical Principles

The approach to creating standard means for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and flux density of radon from the soil surface is described based on the physical principles of reproducing these units of quantities and using as technical means for reproducing bubblers with a radioactive solution of radium salt, reference capacities of known volume, emanation chambers for generation of a toron, a gamma spectrometer with a semiconductor detector from highly pure germanium and radon radiometers. Reproduction consists in the physical realization of units in accordance with their definition as applied to the formation of radon and thoron in the radioactive rows of radium and thorium. The proposed approach will allow to determine the structural, structural and other technical solutions of standard measuring instruments, as well as specific techniques and methods of working with them. The creation of standard tools and technologies for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and the density of radon flux from the soil surface will ensure the unity and reliability of measurements in the field of ionizing radiation, traceability of units and bringing the characteristics of national standards in line with world achievements.

Fog on the brine — Fog-catching systems for arid lands

Waterlines ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristobal Pinche ◽  
Loren Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Arid Lands

Restoration of Ecosystem Function by Soil Surface Inoculation with Biocrust in Mesic and Xeric Alpine Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie-Claude Letendre ◽  
Darwyn S. Coxson ◽  
Katherine J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Alpine Ecosystems

REHABILITATION OF THE SOIL STRUCTURE WITH THE DIRECT SOWING IN THE STAVROPOL REGION DRY ZONE

1970 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
V. P. Belobrov ◽  
S. А. Yudin ◽  
V. А. Kholodov ◽  
N. V. Yaroslavtseva ◽  
N. R. Ermolaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Erosion Effect ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Direct Sowing

The influence of different systems of soil cultivation is considered - traditional (recommended) technology and direct sowing, which is increasingly used under dry conditions of the region. The rehabilitation of the degraded southern chernozems and dark chestnut soils structure during 13 and 7 years of direct sowing, respectively, has not been established. It takes much longer to rehabilitation the aggregate state of soils, which is currently in a critical condition of the content of aggregates> 10 mm in size and the sum of agronomically valuable aggregates. The soils under 60-year treeline, as a control, showed a satisfactory range of aggregates, which indicates a high degree of soil degradation in the past and a long period of their recovery time. The effectiveness of direct sowing usage in the cultivation of a wider range of grain and row crops (winter wheat, sunflower, peas, chickpeas, rapeseed, buckwheat, corn) is due to the peculiarities of agricultural technologies. Abandoning of naked fallows and soil treatments with the simultaneous use of plant residues and cover crops on the soil surface between the harvest and sowing of winter crops provides an anti-erosion effect and, as a consequence, a decrease in physical evaporation, an increase in moisture and biota reserves, an increase in microbiological processes, which are noted in the form trends in improving the agrochemical and agrophysical properties of soils.

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