Evaluation of Black Pied first-calf heifers` lactation of various genotypes

Purpose: Comparative assessment of the fullness of lactation of primarmels of different genotypes.Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the assessment of the lactation activities, which was carried out in the SEC "Kazminsky" Kochubeevsky district of the Stavropol region on the livestock of the black and motley breed of local and brown populations from the Vologda region from LLC "Zaozerier" (farm №. 1) and SHPK "Proseukhon" (farm №2). Three experienced animals groups of 30 goals were formed in each, studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods.Results. The greatest amount of milk for 305 days I lactation was obtained from the first elevations brought from LLC "Zaozerier" - 7368 kg, which is 3.64% more than from the cows of their own reproduction and 8.85% more than from animals grown in SEC "Proseukhonskoye". The lactation stability ratio was calculated in two ways, and in both cases there was more than 100, the factor of the fullness of lactation in the cows of the studied genotypes this indicator was also very high and amounted to 87.7-91.6, which indicates a high level of breeding and tribal work, and On the significant influence of genetic factors on the lactation activity of the studied animals. According to the nature of the lactation curve, the pilot of all three genotypes can be attributed to the I type - high stable lactation. However, the greatest amount of milk from cows was obtained in the third phase of lactation.Conclusion. Thus, it can be concluded that the period of adaptation did not have a significant impact on the lactation activity of the delivered first elements. The animals studied were characterized by high productivity and sustainable lactation.It is desirable when evaluating the cows, along with productivity for 305 days of lactation, consider individual qualities and the ability to hold high productivity to a large part of the lactation period. For more differentiated selection of cows in the breeding group, we recommend using the stability coefficients and the usefulness of lactation.

Rediscovery of Karelin’s newt (Triturus karelinii, Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) in the Stavropol region and Karachay-Cherkessia (North Caucasus, Russia)

Karelin's newt (Triturus karelinii) in Russia is known for sure in Republic of Crimea, Krasnodar region, Republic of Adygea, and Republic of Dagestan. No reports of this species distribution in other regions of the North Caucasus have yet been confirmed by collection materials. The paper presents data on few Karelin's newt findings in the Stavropol region and Karachay-Cherkessia Republic. In May 2018, five adult T. karelinii (two males and three females) were captured in the vicinity of the Novoekaterinovskaya village (Kochubeyevskiy district, Stavropol region). Another finding of this species (an adult female) was made in the vicinity of the Kubina village (Abazinskiy district, Karachay-Cherkessia Republic) in April 2021. The authors believe that Karelin's newt should be included in the faunal lists and Red Data Books of these regions.

Yield formation by winter wheat as affected by sowing time

Исследование выполнено в 2019 и 2020 годах в зоне неустойчивого увлажнения Ставропольского края. Цель работы — изучить влияние сроков посева на рост, развитие, формирование урожайности и качества зерна озимой пшеницы (сорт Безостая 100). Схема опыта включала следующие варианты: 1) посев в III декаде сентября; 2) посев в I декаде октября; 3) посев во II декаде октября; 4) посев в III декаде октября. Изменение климата достаточно сильно сказывается на сроках посева. В условиях зоны неустойчивого увлажнения оптимальным сроком является III декада сентября. Высокий температурный режим при посеве в III декаде сентября способствовал быстрому прохождению фазы кущения, и к моменту ухода в зиму у 70% посевов наблюдалось перерастание, отдельные экземпляры растений озимой пшеницы перешли в фазу выхода в трубку, что повлияло на процесс протекания стадии закалки растений и зимостойкость в целом. В варианте с поздним сроком сева (в III декаде октября) растения не успели раскуститься и в зиму ушли в фазе двух-трёх листьев, что также повлияло на устойчивость растений к неблагоприятным факторам в период перезимовки. Растения озимой пшеницы, посеянные в I и II декадах октября, раскустились и ушли в зиму в фазе одного-трёх побегов, что обеспечило хороший процент перезимовавших растений. Проведённые исследования показали, что в среднем за 2 года наибольшая урожайность получена в вариантах с посевом в I и II декадах октября, при этом прибавка относительно оптимального срока посева составила 1,3–1,91 т/га. Разница между оптимальным сроком и посевом в III декаде октября составила 0,37 т/га. При этом наблюдалось снижение количества белка на 2,1%. При ранних сроках посева получено зерно III класса, тогда как при поздних сроках качество соответствовало IV классу. The investigation was conducted in the dry zone of the Stavropol region in 2019 and 2020. The aim was to analyze the effect of sowing time on winter wheat growth, development, productivity and grain quality (variety “Bezostaya 100“). The experiment included the following variants: 1) sowing in late September; 2) in early October; 3) in II decade of October; 4) in late October. Climate change significantly affects sowing time. Late September is considered to be an optimal sowing time under dry weather. High temperature in late September ensured active tillering stage. By winter 70% of plants grew too much, some of them were at shooting stage which influenced winter hardiness in general. Sown in late October plants did not reach their tillering stage which also affected their resistance to unfavorable conditions. Plants seeded in I and II decades of October were able to reach the tillering stage and effectively overwintered at the phase of 1–3 shoots. The highest productivity occured when seeding in I and II decades of October, yield increase amounted to 1.3–1.91 t ha-1. The difference in yield amounted to 0.37 t ha-1 between the optimal time and seeding in late October. Protein content dropped by 2.1%. Early sowing resulted in grain of III grade, while late seeding — IV grade.

Current Status of the Natural Foci of Tick-Borne Diseases in the Stavropol Region

Background: Tick-borne diseases are a serious threat to the epidemiological safety of the population of the Stavropol Region, making up more than 70 per cent of all natural focal infectious diseases registered in this territory annually. A wide range of hosts contributes to high tick abundance, diversity of tick-borne pathogens, and maintenance of the natural foci. Objective: To assess the activity of natural foci of tick-borne infections in the Stavropol Region in 2016–2020. Materials and methods: We used notifications submitted by the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Stavropol Region to the Scientific and Methodological Center for Monitoring the Pathogens of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of Pathogenicity Groups II–IV for the subjects of the North Caucasian and Southern Federal Districts and the results of an epizootological survey of the Stavropol territory by specialists of the Stavropol Plague Control Research Institute. Markers of the causative agents of tick-borne diseases were detected by ELISA and PCR methods. Data processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Active natural foci of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Q fever, a group of tick-borne spotted fevers, Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and human monocytic ehrlichiosis were established in the region in 2016–2020. Human cases of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lyme borreliosis and Q fever were also registered annually. The abundance of infected ticks in resort towns of the Caucasian Mineral Waters is of particular concern. Conclusion: We established up-to-date epizootic and epidemic manifestations of tick-borne infections in the Stavropol Region in the modern period, which are an important link in epidemiological surveillance and the basis for improving preventive measures

The Calling of a Man and a Scholar: the World of Sergey Malovichko

Cтатья посвящена основным вехам научной и образовательной деятельности известного российского историка Сергея Ивановича Маловичко, приложившего много усилий для развития историографии, новой локальной истории и интеллектуальной истории на Ставрополье, а затем в Москве. В материале отмечается пристальное внимание С.И. Маловичко к использованию научных достижений в учебном процессе. В заключении статьи подчеркивается востребованность научного наследия С.И. Маловичко российскими и зарубежными историками в будущем. The presented article is devoted to the main phases of the academic and educational work of a famous Russian historian Sergei Ivanovich Malovichko who put a lot of effort into the development of historiographical trends – new local history and intellectual history in the Stavropol Region, and later in Moscow. The article points out S.I. Malovichko's close attention to the application of historical studies to the educational process. In the conclusion of the article, the relevance of the scientific heritage of S.I. Malovichko by Russian and foreign historians in the future is emphasized.

THE BURIAL WITH A BRONZE HAMMER-AXE FROM THE ANDREEVSKIY KURGAN IN STAVROPOL REGION

Статья посвящена публикации погребения 19 с бронзовым топором-молотом из кургана 1 у пос. Андреевского близ г. Георгиевска на севере района Кавказских Минеральных Вод. Памятник раскопан Р. В. Прокофьевым. Захоронение является основным для второй насыпи кургана, возведенного ранее над захоронениями долинского варианта майкопско-новосвободненской общности. Топор-молот из п. 19 украшен литым орнаментом. Погребение имеет радиоуглеродную дату -третья четв. III тыс. до н. э. В статье приводятся аналогии топору-молоту в Предкавказье и в степном Поволжье. Проводится анализ орнаментов этих топоров-молотов и делается вывод об их символическом значении как топоров-скипетров. Производство такого типа оружия связывается с Центральным Предкавказьем. The paper describes burial 19 containing a bronze hammer-axe from kurgan 1 located in the vicinity of the Andreevskiy settlement near the town of Georgievsk in the North Caucasian Mineral Waters region. The site was excavated by R. V. Prokofyev. The burial is primary one in the second kurgan mound constructed earlier over the burials attributed to the Dolinskoye variant of the Maykop-Novosvobodnaya community. The entire surface of the discussed hammer-axe from burial 19 is densely covered with cast decoration. The radiocarbon date of the burial puts it within the third quarter of 3 mill. BC. The article presents analogies to the hammer-axe among similar artifacts from the Fore-Caucasus and the steppe Volga region. It also analyzes decoration patterns on such hammer-axes and comes to the conclusion on their symbolic meaning as scepter-axes. Production of this type of weapons is associated with the central ForeCaucasus.

Characteristics of labor resources by types of peasant (farm) households

The article presents the results of development and testing of methods for identifying types of peasant (farm) households using the method of equal-frequency grouping and analysis of labor resources based on them. The subject of the study is a system of statistical indicators of peasant (farm) households, the object is a set of peasant (farm) households of three Russian regions with different natural and climatic conditions (the Republic of Buryatia, the Lipetsk region, and the Stavropol region). The source of information was the form of departmental reporting 1-KFH “Information on the production activities of the heads of peasant (farm) households-individual entrepreneurs”. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of a methodology for the typification of peasant (farm) households using the method of equal-frequency grouping, in the justification of a system of indicators for the analysis of the labor resources of peasant (farm) households by the selected types, as well as in the assessment of the impact on the income level of the availability of labour force and of agricultural equipment peasant (farm) households on the basis of the construction of production functions.

Study of the effect of Baricitinib on the Course of COVID-19

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the inhibitor of janus kinase – baricitinib ("Olumiant") on the course of COVID-19. This drug baricitinib is able to suppress the systemic inflammatory response, which is one of the common causes of death in COVID-19, is an urgent problem of the study. The study was carried out in the Regional Specialized Budget Infectious Diseases Hospital of Stavropol (Russian Federation, Stavropol Region). In a multivariate analysis, it was shown that the use of baricitinib was associated with a decrease in the frequency of the primary endpoint of death/need for invasive lung ventilation. The use of baricitinib was quite safe, but in some patients there was an increase in the level of transaminases. No cases of hypercoagulation have been reported while taking baricitinib. It was found that patients with a normal BMI are more sensitive to therapy than those who are overweight.75% of patients in the first group had a temperature above 38.0oC. However, against the background of taking the standard treatment regimen and baricitinib, it was noted that the temperature stabilized during the day and did not rise again. Against the background of taking baricitinib, the elimination of the phenomena of respiratory failure and the refusal of an oxygen mask occurred 3.1 times more often than without baricitinib. The authors concluded that the use of baricitinib can be considered as an additional therapy for moderate forms of pneumonia in patients over 65 years or in patients with concomitant chronic diseases in order to suppress the reactions of systemic inflammation and the development of serious respiratory and other system lesions caused by COVID-19.