Content Growth and Attention Contagion in Information Networks: Addressing Information Poverty on Wikipedia

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-509
Author(s):  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Dylan Walker ◽  
Lev Muchnik
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Causal Understanding ◽  
Open Collaboration ◽  
Information Poverty ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
Collaboration Platforms

Open collaboration platforms have fundamentally changed the way that knowledge is produced, disseminated, and consumed. Although the community governance and open collaboration model of Wikipedia confers many benefits, its decentralized nature can leave questions of information poverty and skewness to the mercy of the system's natural dynamics. In this paper, we leverage a large-scale natural experiment to gain a causal understanding of how exogenous content contributions to Wikipedia articles affect the attention that they attract and how that attention spills over to other articles in the information network. We find a positive feedback loop: content contribution leads to significant and long-lasting increases of attention and future contribution. Unfortunately, this also suggests that impoverished regions of information networks are likely to remain so in the absence of intervention. However, our analysis reveals a potential solution. Articles in impoverished regions of information networks are particularly positioned to benefit from the phenomenon of attention spillovers. Using a simulation that is calibrated with real-world link traffic of the Wikipedia network, we show that an attention contagion policy, which focuses editorial effort coherently on impoverished regions, can lead to as much as a twofold gain in attention relative to unguided contributions.

scholarly journals Stacked Community Prediction: A Distributed Stacking-Based Community Extraction Methodology for Large Scale Social Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Christos Makris ◽  
Georgios Pispirigos
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Graph Partitioning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Partitioning Problems ◽  
Iterative Solutions ◽  
Community Extraction ◽  
Stability And Accuracy

Nowadays, due to the extensive use of information networks in a broad range of fields, e.g., bio-informatics, sociology, digital marketing, computer science, etc., graph theory applications have attracted significant scientific interest. Due to its apparent abstraction, community detection has become one of the most thoroughly studied graph partitioning problems. However, the existing algorithms principally propose iterative solutions of high polynomial order that repetitively require exhaustive analysis. These methods can undoubtedly be considered resource-wise overdemanding, unscalable, and inapplicable in big data graphs, such as today’s social networks. In this article, a novel, near-linear, and highly scalable community prediction methodology is introduced. Specifically, using a distributed, stacking-based model, which is built on plain network topology characteristics of bootstrap sampled subgraphs, the underlined community hierarchy of any given social network is efficiently extracted in spite of its size and density. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology has diligently been examined on numerous real-life social networks and proven superior to various similar approaches in terms of performance, stability, and accuracy.

Inter-Ethnic Dynamics in the Wake of Terrorist Attacks: Evidence from the 2015 Baga Massacre

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Far North ◽  
North East

AbstractThis paper investigates the consequences for inter-group conflicts of terrorist attacks. I study the 2015 Baga massacre, a large scale attack conducted by Boko Haram at the far North-East state of Borno, Nigeria, as a quasi-natural experiment and examine a set of attitudes in the aftermath of the event of Christians and Muslims throughout the country. Comparing individuals, outside the region of Borno, interviewed by Afrobarometer immediately after the massacre and those interviewed the days before within same regions and holding fixed a number of individual characteristics, I document that the informational exposure to the event rendered Christians less amiable to neighboring Muslims and Muslims less likely to recognize the legitimacy of the state. Nonetheless, Muslims increased their view of the elections as a device to remove leaders in office, event that took place 2 months later with the election of the challenger, Muhammadu Buhari. My findings indicate that terrorist attacks may generate a relevant and heterogeneous backlash across ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Social feedback and the emergence of rank in animal society

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hobson ◽  
Simon DeDeo
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Dominance Hierarchies ◽  
Myiopsitta Monachus ◽  
Direct Aggression ◽  
Individual Decisions

Dominance hierarchies are group-level properties that emerge from the aggressions of individuals. Although individuals can gain critical benefits from their position in a hierarchy, we do not understand how real-world hierarchies form, or what signals and decision-rules individuals use to construct and maintain them in the absence of simple cues. A study of aggression in two groups of captive monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) found a transition to large-scale ordered aggression occurred in newly-formed groups after one week, with individuals thereafter preferring to direct aggression against those nearby in rank. We describe two mechanisms by which individuals may determine rank order: inference based on overall levels of aggression, or on subsets of the aggression network. Both pathways were predictive of individual decisions to aggress. Based on these results, we present a new theory, of a feedback loop between knowledge of rank and consequent behavior, that explains the transition to strategic aggression, and the formation and persistence of dominance hierarchies in groups capable of both social memory and social inference.

Development of Large-Scale User/Client Application for Automobile Networking Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 1061-1067
Author(s):  
Aishrith P Rao ◽  
◽  
Dr. Minal Moharir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Client Application ◽  
Current State ◽  
Milestone Payment ◽  
Pain Points

Large Scale User Applications have been prevalent in the 5G era especially in sectors such as automobile, employee tracking features, e-commerce management, etc., especially with services that connect users with their pain points. One of the pain points observed in the subcontinent regarding an overlooked scenario was driving schools and the business of driving services. The current state of driving schools tends to confuse the user base with miscommunications, late service delivery, licensing formalities, and also the payment structure in the absence of a feedback loop. This project attempts to create a full-fledged driving service solution for the 38-lakh user base in the Indian Subcontinent, so as to acquire driving service providers and connect them with the target audience. This would prompt a smoother process of user onboarding as well as improve the service quality with an integrated milestone payment loop. The results observed through the launch of the application on the Play Store were positive and the young generation aged 18-15 were highly enthusiastic about using the service.

scholarly journals The same or different psychiatrists for in- and out-patient treatment? A multi-country natural experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giacco ◽  
V.J. Bird ◽  
T. Ahmad ◽  
M. Bauer ◽  
A. Lasalvia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Somatisation Disorder ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Aims A core question in the debate about how to organise mental healthcare is whether in- and out-patient treatment should be provided by the same (personal continuity) or different psychiatrists (specialisation). The controversial debate drives costly organisational changes in several European countries, which have gone in opposing directions. The existing evidence is based on small and low-quality studies which tend to favour whatever the new experimental organisation is. We compared 1-year clinical outcomes of personal continuity and specialisation in routine care in a large scale study across five European countries. Methods This is a 1-year prospective natural experiment conducted in Belgium, England, Germany, Italy and Poland. In all these countries, both personal continuity and specialisation exist in routine care. Eligible patients were admitted for psychiatric in-patient treatment (18 years of age), and clinically diagnosed with a psychotic, mood or anxiety/somatisation disorder. Outcomes were assessed 1 year after the index admission. The primary outcome was re-hospitalisation and analysed for the full sample and subgroups defined by country, and different socio-demographic and clinical criteria. Secondary outcomes were total number of inpatient days, involuntary re-admissions, adverse events and patients’ social situation. Outcomes were compared through mixed regression models in intention-to-treat analyses. The study is registered (ISRCTN40256812). Results We consecutively recruited 7302 patients; 6369 (87.2%) were followed-up. No statistically significant differences were found in re-hospitalisation, neither overall (adjusted percentages: 38.9% in personal continuity, 37.1% in specialisation; odds ratio = 1.08; confidence interval 0.94–1.25; p = 0.28) nor for any of the considered subgroups. There were no significant differences in any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusions Whether the same or different psychiatrists provide in- and out-patient treatment appears to have no substantial impact on patient outcomes over a 1-year period. Initiatives to improve long-term outcomes of psychiatric patients may focus on aspects other than the organisation of personal continuity v. specialisation.

scholarly journals Detecting Covert Networks in Multilingual Groups: Evidence within a Virtual World

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janea Triplet ◽  
Andrew Harrison ◽  
Brian Mennecke ◽  
Akmal Mirsadikov
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
A Priori Knowledge ◽  
Unstructured Text ◽  
Network Analytics ◽  
Covert Networks ◽  
Information Providers

This paper introduces an approach for the examination and organization of unstructured text to identify relationships between networks of individuals. This approach uses discourse analysis to identify information providers and recipients and determines the structure of covert organizations irrespective of the language that facilitate conversations between members. Then, this method applies social network analytics to determine the arrangement of a covert organization without any a priori knowledge of the network structure. This approach is tested and validated using communication data collected in a virtual world setting. Our analysis indicates that the proposed framework successfully detected the covert structure of three information networks, and their cliques, within an online gaming community during a simulation of a large-scale event.

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