Testing times

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Sue Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Home Testing ◽  
The Government

Early years sector organisations have campaigned hard for providers to have access to Covid home testing to give them parity with maintained settings. While the Government has now promised to deliver this by 22 March – the next battle is to ensure that childminders are included in the frame.

Development and destruction of the liberal prison system in Spain: a general framework for studying the topic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Luis Gargallo Vaamonde
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

During the Restoration and the Second Republic, up until the outbreak of the Civil War, the prison system that was developed in Spain had a markedly liberal character. This system had begun to acquire robustness and institutional credibility from the first dec- ade of the 20th Century onwards, reaching a peak in the early years of the government of the Second Republic. This process resulted in the establishment of a penitentiary sys- tem based on the widespread and predominant values of liberalism. That liberal belief system espoused the defence of social harmony, property and the individual, and penal practices were constructed on the basis of those principles. Subsequently, the Civil War and the accompanying militarist culture altered the prison system, transforming it into an instrument at the service of the conflict, thereby wiping out the liberal agenda that had been nurtured since the mid-19th Century.

Some Actuarial Aspects of Unemployment Insurance

1929 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-160
Author(s):  
J. G. Kyd ◽  
G. H. Maddex
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Poor Laws ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

Judged by the amount of space devoted to the subject in the Journal of the Institute, Unemployment Insurance has received but little attention from actuaries in the past Public interest in the problem of relieving distress due to unemployment became pronounced in the early years of the present century and led to the appointment in 1904 of a Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and, eventually, to the passing in 1911 of the first Unemployment Insurance Act. These important events found a somewhat pallid reflection in our proceedings in the form of reprints of extracts from Sir H. Llewellyn Smith's address on Insurance against Unemployment to the British Association in 1910 (J.I.A., vol. xliv, p. 511) and of Mr. Ackland's report on Part II of the National Insurance Bill (J.I.A., vol. xlv, p. 456). At a later date, when the scope of the national scheme was very greatly widened, the Government Actuary's report on the relevant measure—the Unemployment Insurance Bill 1919—was reprinted in the Journal (J.I.A., vol. lii, page 72).

scholarly journals Humanitarian Assistance of Italy to Ukraine in 2014-2018 рр.

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-124
Author(s):  
Olga Sukhobokova
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
The Government

The article deals with the provision of humanitarian aid to Ukraine by the government and society (citizens) of Italy during the period of Russian armed aggression against Ukraine (2014-2018). Among them are the efforts of the large Ukrainian community in Italy (according to official figures in Italy, there are more than 230 thousand Ukrainians registered). The directions, volumes and methods of relief assistance for Ukrainian military and population in war-affected areas in eastern Ukraine and settlers were analyzed. It was determined that government financial assistance (over 3 million euros was allocated for 2014-2018) during this period came through international humanitarian organizations, which deal with the civilian people affected by the armed conflict and the program of demining of ukrainian territories. The Ukrainian community in Italy provides individual assistance (from individuals) and from organizations (for example, the Congress of Ukrainians in Italy, “EuroMaydan-Rome” and others). Ukrainian communities of entire cities and regions may be involved in collecting a large sum (the most active are Ukrainians in Rome, Brescia, Milan, Naples).Mostly Ukrainians provided cars for units of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and volunteer groups in the area of fighting, equipment, clothes and funds for the needs of Ukrainian defenders, as well as food and gifts for them to holidays, organized humanitarian cargoes for the victims of the war of the population. At the same time, the Ukrainian community in Italy tried to hold public information events in support of Ukraine in the early years of the Russian-Ukrainian War and inform the Italian society and authorities about the events in it.The third source of humanitarian aid for Ukraine in Italy is Italian voluntary associations such as “Italy-Ukraine-Maidan”, which independently delivers the largest humanitarian cargo to the east of Ukraine. Italy’s assistance to Ukraine is considered in the context of the socio-political processes and the foreign policy line of the Italian government. It is determined how the traditional strong ties between Italy and Russia affect for the attitude and assistance to Ukraine.

Take Back Our Future

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Ching Kwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Student Activists ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Civic Values ◽  
Take Back ◽  
The Government

This introductory chapter provides a background of the Umbrella Movement, which emerged in the fall of 2014. The genesis of the Umbrella Movement can be traced to an intensification of popular discontent against the Hong Kong government and its principal, the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Since China's resumption of sovereignty in July of 1997, the end of British colonialism has been experienced by many Hong Kong citizens as the beginning of another round of colonization, this time by the Mainland Chinese communist regime. Such recolonization, which proceeded with fits and starts in the early years after the handover and had become more aggressive since 2003, can be broken down into three constitutive processes: political disenfranchisement, colonization of the life world, and economic subsumption. Increasing encroachment by China to turn Hong Kong into an internal colony has spurred the rise of new political actors and groups to defend Hong Kong's way of life and liberal civic values. The chapter then looks at the series of contentious mobilizations leading up to the Umbrella occupations, to trace how the contradiction constitutive of this Hong Kong regime in transition from liberalism to authoritarianism have contributed to nurturing and growing the collective capacity of at least three general categories of political actors who would converge during the Umbrella protests: the self-mobilized citizenry, the localists, and the student activists.

Computer Technology in Taiwan Kindergartens

2010 ◽  
pp. 20-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Yuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Early Years ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Teachers Professional Development

Taiwan has become a global high-tech center. The success of becoming the leading country of high-tech and information technology is accredited to the efforts of the government and of all citizens. In addition, Chinese highly value in academic success, and this has contributed to the success of Taiwan. Parents believe the success of life is rooted in a good education, especially in the early years. This chapter presents an overview of early childhood education in Taiwan and explores how Chinese culture had influenced the value of parents’ expectation in education, as well as how children learn through the use of technology. The last part of the chapter discusses the discrepancy between current early childhood education situations and teachers’ professional development.

Practitioners do not want change for the sake of change

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Liz Bayram
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Independent Review ◽  
The Government

The Early Years Foundation Stage framework is in the process of being updated, with the Government saying it could be used in schools as early as 2020, but does the sector really want or need this? An independent review suggests not.

Letting off steam

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Deborah Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
The Government ◽  
Career Progress

Report after report has urged the Government to address the professionalism crisis in the early years workforce. So why are we still waiting for a coherent strategy that raises status, pay and career progress?

Centenary of the NPL

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
A. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) attained its centenary in 2000 and that was the occasion for a meeting in The Royal Society on 7 November 2000. The centenary is part of the record of The Royal Society because Fellows of the Society actively promoted the formation of the laboratory, and the programme of the Laboratory in its early years was guided by a committee of the Society. In addition, some of the researches of the Laboratory were supported by grants from the government grant administered by the Society. The relations between the early Laboratory and the Society are not unlike those between the Society and the early Royal Observatory more than 200 years earlier. The centenary of the NPL was indeed an event of the last year of the Second Millennium, and so we include this account of the meeting of 7 November, which includes Lord Sainsbury's and the President's Addresses and abstracts of the presentations from other speakers.

The Rôle of the Judiciary in the Constitutional Systems of East Africa

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-66
Author(s):  
Steven B. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Will ◽  
New States ◽  
Written Form ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Government

From the late 1950s until the present day the territories, colonies, and later the new states of English-speaking Africa have been engaged in a continuing effort to develop their own national constitutions. It has been an attempt to capture in written form the government structures and political systems which would best express their political will and guide them through the difficult early years of independence.

From a Bolshevik to a British Subject: The Early Years of Maksim M. Litvinov

Slavic Review ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
Violent Men ◽  
The Government ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Striking Contrast ◽  
The Revolution

Maksim M. Litvinov was the most colorful and controversial of the major European diplomats in the 1930s. As Henry Roberts has observed, Litvinov's “chubby and unproletarian figure radiated an aura of robust and businesslike common sense that was in striking contrast to the enigmatic brutality of the Politburo.” But this cultured and reflective man served that Politburo for the better part of his life, and he did so until his disillusionment overwhelmed him, and he made a complete break with the policies of the Soviet leadership. The obvious question is why Litvinov continued this bizarre relationship so long—one between the cosmopolitan “citizen of Geneva” and the reclusive and often violent men in the Kremlin. A definitive answer is, of course, impossible given the sources, but a clue can be found in an examination of Litvinov before the Bolshevik Revolution, a topic that has received virtually no attention from western scholars. As will be shown, the rotund and cooly analytical diplomat was for a considerable period of time a man wholly dedicated to violent revolution—and not just in the abstract. Litvinov was one of the apparatchiki of the movement who was not afraid to get his hands dirty in the sometimes messy business of fomenting revolution. Litvinov changed greatly over the course of his life, but it seems clear that for a few decades he was never fully able to repudiate these early years. Therefore he remained at his post, continuing to serve the government that sprang from the revolution, even as his own disillusionment grew.

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