Lifestyle-related liver disease: an avalanche warning

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Sup6) ◽  
pp. S4-S4
Author(s):  
Michelle Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Avalanche Warning

Michelle Clayton, Chair of the British Liver Nurses' Association, considers the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for liver health

scholarly journals Markers of Intestinal Permeability Are Rapidly Improved by Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1659
Author(s):  
Finn Jung ◽  
Katharina Burger ◽  
Raphaela Staltner ◽  
Annette Brandt ◽  
Sebastian Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Changes in intestinal microbiome and barrier function are critical in the development of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Here, we determined the effects of a one-week alcohol withdrawal on parameters of intestinal barrier function in heavy drinkers with ALD in comparison to healthy non-drinkers (controls). In serum samples of 17 controls (m = 10/f = 7) and 37 age-matched ALD patients (m = 26/f = 11) undergoing a one-week alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver health and intestinal barrier function were assessed. Liver damage, e.g., fibrosis and hepatic steatosis, were assessed using FibroScan. Before alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver damage, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and overall TLR4/TLR2 ligands in serum were significantly higher in ALD patients than in controls, whereas intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and zonulin protein concentrations in serum were lower. All parameters, with the exception of LBP, were significantly improved after alcohol withdrawal; however, not to the level of controls. Our data suggest that one-week of abstinence improves markers of intestinal barrier function and liver health in ALD patients.

scholarly journals Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Where Do We Stand?

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Francesco Paolo Russo ◽  
Alberto Zanetto ◽  
Elisa Pinto ◽  
Sara Battistella ◽  
Barbara Penzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Virological Suppression ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death. Although the burden of alcohol- and NASH-related HCC is growing, chronic viral hepatitis (HBV and HCV) remains a major cause of HCC development worldwide. The pathophysiology of viral-related HCC includes liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and deregulation of cell signaling pathways. HBV is particularly oncogenic because, contrary to HCV, integrates in the cell DNA and persists despite virological suppression by nucleotide analogues. Surveillance by six-month ultrasound is recommended in patients with cirrhosis and in “high-risk” patients with chronic HBV infection. Antiviral therapy reduces the risks of development and recurrence of HCC; however, patients with advanced chronic liver disease remain at risk of HCC despite virological suppression/cure and should therefore continue surveillance. Multiple scores have been developed in patients with chronic hepatitis B to predict the risk of HCC development and may be used to stratify individual patient’s risk. In patients with HCV-related liver disease who achieve sustained virological response by direct acting antivirals, there is a strong need for markers/scores to predict long-term risk of HCC. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances regarding viral-related HCC.

LONG TERM RESULTS OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION FOR ALCOHOLIC RELATED LIVER DISEASE UNDER TACROLIMUS

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. S198
Author(s):  
A Jain ◽  
A. DiMartini ◽  
N. Rishi ◽  
M G. Fitzgerald ◽  
S. Rohal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Long-term Prospective Study of the Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Cystic Fibrosis-related Liver Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanda Nousia-Arvanitakis ◽  
Maria Fotoulaki ◽  
Hippolyti Economou ◽  
Mairy Xefteri ◽  
Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Ursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Related Liver Disease

scholarly journals Effect of Increased Alcohol Consumption During COVID-19 Pandemic on Alcohol-related Liver Disease: A Modelling Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Julien ◽  
Turgay Ayer ◽  
Elliot Tapper ◽  
Carolina Barbosa ◽  
William Dowd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Microsimulation Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The burden of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is surging in the US. There is evidence that alcohol consumption increased during the early periods of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic. We describe the impact of increased alcohol consumption on alcohol-related liver disease. Design: Microsimulation model Setting: Model parameters estimated from publicly available data sources, including national surveys on drug and alcohol use and published studies informing the impact of alcohol consumption on ALD severity. Participants: US residents Methods: We extended a previously validated microsimulation model that estimated the short- and long-term effect of increased drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals in the US born between 1950-2012. We modeled short- and long-term outcomes of current drinking patterns during COVID-19 (status quo) using survey data of changes in alcohol consumption in a nationally representative sample between February and April 2020. We compared these outcomes with a counter-factual scenario wherein no COVID-19 occurs, and drinking patterns do not change. Reported outcomes are for individuals aged 18-65. Main outcome measures: ALD-related deaths inclusive of HCC mortality, the prevalence and incidence of decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) Results: Increases in alcohol consumption during 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic are estimated to result in to 8,200 [95% UI 7,700 - 8,700] additional ALD-related deaths (1% increase compared with the counter-factual scenario), 17,100 [95% UI 16,100 - 18,200] cases of decompensated cirrhosis (2% increase) and 1,100 [95% UI 1,100 - 1,200] cases of HCC (1% increase) between 2020 and 2040. Between 2020 and 2023, alcohol consumption changes due to COVID-19 will lead to 100 [100-200] additional deaths and 2,200 [2,200-2,300] additional decompensations in patients suffering from alcohol-related liver disease. Conclusions: A short-term increase in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic can substantially increase long-term ALD-related morbidity and mortality. Our findings highlight the need for individuals and policymakers to make informed decisions to mitigate the impact of high-risk alcohol drinking in the US.

Long-term outcome of patients undergoing OLT for hepatitis B-related liver disease without HBIG prophylaxia

1998 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. A1328
Author(s):  
M.E. Rinella ◽  
K. Dasgupta ◽  
T.D. Schiano ◽  
T.W. Lissoos ◽  
J.M. Millis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Related Liver Disease
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