Seed Germination Responses and Interspecific Variations to Different Incubation Temperatures in Eight Veronica Species Native to Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Interspecific Variations ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

scholarly journals Seed germination of Solanum spp. (Solanaceae) for use in rehabilitation and commercial industries

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Commander ◽  
D. J. Merritt ◽  
D. P. Rokich ◽  
G. R. Flematti ◽  
K. W. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Seed Embryo ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Smoke Water ◽  
Solanum Spp ◽  
Seeds Germination

Effective methods for propagation of native Solanum species are required for mine rehabilitation and the native food industry in Australia. This study investigated seed germination of eight native Solanum species with respect to incubation temperature and the efficacy of germination-promoting compounds gibberellic acid (GA3), the butenolide isolated from smoke (karrikinolide, KAR1) and smoke water (SW). Seeds of all species were tested under a temperature regime of 26/13°C or 33/18°C. In these conditions, seeds of only two species, S. cunninghamii Benth. and S. phlomoides Benth. germinated to high levels without treatment. Of the remaining six species, GA3 alone promoted germination in S. chippendalei Symon, S. diversiflorum F.Muell. and S. sturtianum F.Muell., whereas GA3, KAR1 and SW were effective at promoting germination of S. centrale J.M.Black, S. dioicum W.Fitzg. and S. orbiculatum Dunal ex Poir. to varying degrees. Additional incubation temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C) were examined for S. centrale and S. orbiculatum. For both species, broadly similar patterns were noted in the response of seeds to GA3, KAR1 and SW across all temperatures. However, for S. centrale seeds, germination percentages were higher at 26/13°C than at any of the constant temperatures, and there was a trend of increasing germination with increasing constant temperature for S. orbiculatum seeds. Analysis of seed embryo type and imbibition characteristics and consideration of the subsequent germination results indicates that dormant Solanum seeds possess physiological dormancy.

Sex determination in Cagle's map turtle: implications for evolution, development, and conservation

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2693-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thane Wibbels ◽  
Flavius C. Killebrew ◽  
David Crews
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
River System ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Interspecific Variations ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Pivotal Temperature

Sex determination was investigated in Cagle's map turtle, Graptemys caglei, which has a restricted distribution which is the southernmost of all Graptemys species. This species exhibits temperature-dependent sex determination, with high incubation temperatures producing only females and low temperatures producing only males. The estimated pivotal temperature (approximately 30.0 °C) is higher than those reported for other species of Graptemys in North America; however, the interspecific variations in pivotal temperature are small (approximately 0.5–1.0 °C). Temperature appears to affect the ovarian or testicular nature of the gonads in an "all or none" fashion, but exerts a graded effect on the length of ovaries. In addition, temperature appears to exert a graded effect on the regression of the oviducts in males. The occurrence of temperature-dependent sex determination in this species is also of conservational importance, since alterations to a single river system could potentially impact the reproductive success of this species by changing nest temperatures and, thus, population sex ratio(s).

The influence of diffused light and temperature on seed germination of three genetically nondormant lines of wild oats (Avena fatua) and its adaptive significance

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1910-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramma Sawhney ◽  
Andrew I. Hsiao ◽  
William A. Quick
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Diffused Light

Freshly harvested seeds of three genetically nondormant populations of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) germinated readily in the dark at optimum temperatures. Direct or diffused light caused germination inhibition in seeds of all these populations. This light-induced germination inhibition was intensity dependent; the higher the light intensity, the greater the inhibition. Germination inhibition by light was accentuated by higher incubation temperatures, indicating an interaction between these two factors on the induction of secondary seed dormancy in genetically nondormant populations. This interaction may be of adaptive significance to the survival of nondormant populations, and reconciles some apparently conflicting reports in the literature.

Interspecific variations in seed germination of Corylopsis

2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Roh ◽  
Ae-Kyung Lee ◽  
Jeung Keun Suh ◽  
Carole M. Bordelon
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Interspecific Variations

Milk Thistle(Silybum marianum)Seed Germination

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Young ◽  
R. A. Evans ◽  
R. B. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

The germination of seeds (achenes) of milk thistle [Silybum marianum(L.) Gaertn.] was investigated. One month after harvest, milk thistle seeds had afterripening requirements related to germination temperature that limited germination to 10 to 20 C temperatures. The time required to satisfy afterripening requirements was dependent on germination temperature. Generally the higher the incubation temperature during germination, the longer the afterripening requirement (up to a maximum of 5 months). Once afterripening requirements were satisfied, milk thistle seeds germinated over a temperature range of from 0 to 30 C. Optimum germination occurred with 2 to 15 C 16-h cold periods alternating with 10 to 30 C 8-h warm periods. Emergence of milk thistle seedlings decreased with increased burial depth, but substantial emergence occurred from 8 cm. Germination on the surface of the soil or litter was greatly reduced compared to that with slight soil or litter coverage. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) added to the germination substrate at 1.0 mM enhanced the germination of milk thistle seeds at 2 and 5 C incubation temperatures.

scholarly journals Pericarp, Leachate, and Carbohydrate Involvement in Thermoinhibition of Germinating Spinach Seeds

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel I. Leskovar ◽  
Virgil Esensee ◽  
Helen Belefant-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Aba Content ◽  
Genotype Sensitivity

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) seed germination can be inhibited by high temperatures. An understanding of thermoinhibition in spinach is critical in predicting germination and emergence events. The purpose of this study was 3-fold: 1) to determine seed germination percentage and rate of spinach genotypes—`Cascade', `ACX 5044', `Fall Green', and `ARK 88-354'—exposed to constant and alternating temperatures; 2) to determine the nature and extent of inhibition imposed by the pericarp; and 3) to investigate leachate and oligosaccharide involvement in thermoinhibition. Germination inhibition began at >20 °C constant temperature and was totally suppressed at 35 °C. Alternating temperatures at 30/15 °C (12-hour day/12-hour night) resulted in greater germination than a constant 30 °C. The genotype sensitivity to supraoptimal temperatures was in the order of `ARK 88-354' ≤ `Fall Green' < `ACX 5044' < `Cascade', but the highly thermoinhibited `Cascade' seeds retained the ability to germinate when shifted to lower incubation temperatures. The pericarp inhibited germination, since seeds deprived of the pericarp had ≈90% germination at 30 °C. `ACX 5044' and `Cascade' had higher ABA content in the pericarp than `ARK 88-354' and `Fall Green'. Before imbibition at 30 °C, raffinose levels in each genotype were in the order of `ARK 88-354' > `Fall Green' > `Cascade'. After 48 hours of imbibition, sucrose and glucose levels were highest and raffinose levels were lowest in `ARK 88-354' and `Fall Green' seeds, while `Cascade' seeds remained less active metabolically. These data suggest that the pericarp apparently acts as a physical barrier as well as a source of inhibitors during thermoinhibition.

A hydrothermal time model of seed after-ripening in Bromus tectorum L.

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Christensen ◽  
Susan E. Meyer ◽  
Phil S. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Time ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Base Water Potential

AbstractBromus tectorum L. is an invasive winter annual grass with seeds that lose dormancy through the process of dry after-ripening. This paper proposes a model for after-ripening of B. tectorum seeds based on the concept of hydrothermal time. Seed germination time course curves are modelled using five parameters: a hydrothermal time constant, the fraction of viable seeds in the population, base temperature, mean base water potential and the standard deviation of base water potentials in the population. It is considered that only mean base water potential varies as a function of storage duration and incubation temperature following after-ripening. All other parameters are held constant throughout after-ripening and at all incubation temperatures. Data for model development are from seed germination studies carried out at four water potentials (0, −0.5, −1.0 and −1.5 MPa) at each of two constant incubation temperatures (15 and 25°C) following different storage intervals including recently harvested, partially after-ripened (stored for 4, 9 or 16 weeks at 20°C) and fully after-ripened (stored for 14 weeks at 40°C). The model was fitted using a repeated probit regression method, and for the two seed populations studied gave R2 values of 0.898 and 0.829. Germination time course curves predicted by the model generally had a good fit when compared with observed curves at the incubation temperature/water potential treatment combinations for different after-ripening intervals. Changes in germination time course curves during after-ripening of B. tectorum can largely be explained by decreases in the mean base water potential. The simplicity and good fit of the model give it considerable potential for extension to simulation of after-ripening under field conditions.

Interspecific variations in seed germination and seedling emergence of three Setaria species

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vajihe Amini ◽  
Faezeh Zaefarian ◽  
Mohammad Rezvani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Interspecific Variations

beta-Glucosidase activities and HCN liberation in unimbibed and imbibed seeds, and the induction of cocklebur seed germination by cyanogenic glycosides

1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohji Esashi ◽  
Shinichi Matsuyama ◽  
Hiroki Ashino ◽  
Maria Ogasawara ◽  
Ryo Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Beta Glucosidase
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