scholarly journals Selective Recovery of Radioactive Carbon Dioxide Released from Nuclear Off-gas by Adsorption

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Kenzo MUNAKATA ◽  
Akinori KOGA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Radioactive Carbon

COMPETITION BETWEEN AMINO ACIDS FOR TRANSPORT INTO EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA CELLS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1717-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Scholefield
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Competitive Inhibitors ◽  
Amino Acid Analogues

The cumulative entry of amino acids into Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells is due to the presence of active transport systems, each with its own specific range of substrates. Several amino acids and amino acid analogues may have an affinity for the same transport system and thus may inhibit transport of other amino acids by acting as competitive inhibitors or competitive substrates. Loss of methionine from ascites cells takes place by a diffusion process which obeys Fick's law. Leucine accumulation by ascites cells is small and is increased on addition of certain other amino acids. The increase is not due to inhibition of leucine oxidation as increase in the rate of production of radioactive carbon dioxide from labeled leucine also occurs. Kinetic aspects of these results are discussed.

POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PRODUCTION BY OSMOPHILIC YEASTS: STUDIES WITH C14-LABELED GLUCOSE

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
A. C. Neish ◽  
A. C. Blackwood ◽  
H. R. Sallans
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions

D-Glucose was dissimilated aerobically by a strain of osmophilic yeast producing glycerol, D-arabitol, ethanol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of succinic acid. Glucose-1-C14 gave glycerol labeled in the terminal carbons, D-arabitol labeled in carbon-1 and carbon-5, methyl labeled ethanol, and succinic acid with 30% of the labeling in the carboxyl carbons and 70% in the methylene carbons. Glucose-2-C14 gave glycerol labeled in carbon-2, D-arabitol labeled in carbon-1, carbon-2, and carbon-4, carbinol labeled ethanol, and succinic acid having 70% of the labeling in the carboxyl carbons and 30% in the methylene carbons. Labeled carbon dioxide was produced from both carbon-1 and carbon-2 labeled glucose but the specific activity of carbon dioxide from glucose-1-C14 was higher than that from glucose-2-C14. The distribution of radioactive carbon in the products is explained by assuming that glucose is dissimilated via a combination of the Embden–Meyerhof and the phosphogluconate oxidation pathways, with transketolase-catalyzed reactions playing an important part in D-arabitol formation.

Pyrimidine reducing enzymes of rat liver

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald O. Hallock ◽  
Esther W. Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Marker Enzyme ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Cytosol Fraction ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Mitochondrial Fractions ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Rat Liver Cells

Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.3.1.2) was partially purified from the cytosol fraction of rat liver and fractionated by disc gel electrophoresis. A major and minor band were visualized by staining for enzyme activity. The substrate specificity of these bands was investigated. It was found that both bands were two to three times more active with dihydrothymine as substrate than with dihydrouracil in the presence of NADP+ and the optimum pH of 7.4.Mitochondrial fractions containing most of the NADH-dependent uracil reductase of rat liver cells were fractionated by centrifugation in sucrose density gradients. Two procedures involving linear or discontinuous gradients were used. By both, good separation of NADH- and NADPH-dependent reductases was achieved. Marker enzyme studies supported the view that the NADH-dependent enzyme is located principally in mitochondria whereas the NADPH-dependent enzyme is mainly in plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. For the NADH-dependent reductase the apparent Km for thymine at pH 7.4 was 1.39 times that found for uracil whereas for the NADPH-dependent enzyme the apparent Km values were similar for the two substrates at this pH.Dihydrouracil was the principal product isolated by paper chromatography from the reaction mixture containing a partially purified fraction of mitochondria, uracil and NADH at pH 7.4. This fraction also catalyzed the formation of radioactive carbon dioxide from [2-14C]uracil. The proportion of CO2 formed by the mitochondria was about 10% of that formed by the original homogenate.

scholarly journals Highly selective recovery of medium chain carboxylates from co-fermented organic wastes using anion exchange with carbon dioxide expanded methanol desorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 124178
Author(s):  
Clara Fernando-Foncillas ◽  
Carlos I. Cabrera-Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco Caparrós-Salvador ◽  
Cristiano Varrone ◽  
Adrie J.J. Straathof
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Medium Chain

The Photometabolism of glucose in Chlorella

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Whittingham ◽  
Margaret Bermingham ◽  
R. G. Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Sugar Phosphate ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Low Concentrations

Uniformly labelled radioactive glucose was fed to Chlorella cells in the presence of non-radioactive carbon dioxide. The concentration of carbon dioxide was varied and the distribution of radioactivity determined in the light. At low concentrations of carbon dioxide much of the radioactivity appeared in glycollate or derivatives thereform. By contrast, at higher concentrations of carbon dioxide, most of the radioactivity appeared in sucrose. If the concentration of oxygen was increased above that normally present in air, there was relatively more activity in glycollate. The effect of the addition of isoniazid in these conditions was also investigated. It was concluded that glucose fed to Chlorella exogenously is metabolised in the light in Chlorella via sugar phosphate intermediates of the Calvin cycle.

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