A109 TEST PLAN OF A BENCH SCALE CLOSED CYCLE GAS TURBINE WITH SUPER-CRITICAL CO_2 AS WORKING FLUID(Gas Turbine-3)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009.1 (0) ◽  
pp. _1-69_-_1-74_
Author(s):  
Motoaki UTAMURA ◽  
Hiroshi HASUIKE ◽  
Takashi YAMAMOTO ◽  
Masanori ARITOMI
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Bench Scale

Test Plan and Preliminary Test Results of a Bench Scale Closed Cycle Gas Turbine With Super-Critical CO2 as Working Fluid

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hasuike ◽  
Takashi Yamamoto ◽  
Toshihiko Fukushima ◽  
Toshinori Watanabe ◽  
Motoaki Utamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Auxiliary Component ◽  
Inlet Conditions

Development of a closed cycle gas turbine using supercritical carbon dioxide as a working fluid is underway to generate power from industrial waste heat sources of a low or intermediate temperature range. Its demonstration test plan using a reduced scale turbomachine is described herein. Principal specifications include the following: net power output of 10 kWe and recirculation CO2 with flow rate of 1.2 kg/s under given turbine inlet conditions of 550 K and 12 MPa. The optimized ranges of compressor inlet temperatures and pressures are investigated in this study. Given these inlet conditions, primary and auxiliary component development is done. Coupled with cycle analysis, the design rotational speed of the co-axially aligned turbomachine was determined as 100,000 rpm. Aerodynamic CFD analyses were conducted for the centrifugal compressor considering real gas properties. Preliminary test results show indirect evidence of compressor work reduction inherent to the supercritical CO2 gas turbine concept.

Multi-Fluid Gas Turbine Components Scaling for a Generation IV Nuclear Power Plant Performance Simulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Theoklis Nikolaidis ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Suresh Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Component Map

One major challenge to the accurate development of performance simulation tool for component-based nuclear power plant engine models is the difficulty in accessing component performance maps; hence, researchers or engineers often rely on estimation approach using various scaling techniques. This paper describes a multi-fluid scaling approach used to determine the component characteristics of a closed-cycle gas turbine plant from an existing component map with their design data, which can be applied for different working fluids as may be required in closed-cycle gas turbine operations to adapt data from one component map into a new component map. Each component operation is defined by an appropriate change of state equations which describes its thermodynamic behavior, thus, a consideration of the working fluid properties is of high relevance to the scaling approach. The multi-fluid scaling technique described in this paper was used to develop a computer simulation tool called GT-ACYSS, which can be valuable for analyzing the performance of closed-cycle gas turbine operations with different working fluids. This approach makes it easy to theoretically scale existing map using similar or different working fluids without carrying out a full experimental test or repeating the whole design and development process. The results of selected case studies show a reasonable agreement with available data.

Modeling and Analysis of Power Conversion System for High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor With Cogeneration

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Afrazeh ◽  
Hiwa Khaledi ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Ghofrani
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
Conversion System ◽  
High Temperature Gas

A gas turbine in combination with a nuclear heat source has been subject of study for some years. This paper describes the advantages of a gas turbine combined with an inherently safe and well-proven nuclear heat source. The design of the power conversion system is based on a regenerative, non-intercooled, closed, direct Brayton cycle with high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), as heat source and helium gas as the working fluid. The plant produces electricity and hot water for district heating (DH). Variation of specific heat, enthalpy and entropy of working fluid with pressure and temperature are included in this model. Advanced blade cooling technology is used in order to allow for a high turbine inlet temperature. The paper starts with an overview of the main characteristics of the nuclear heat source, Then presents a study to determine the specifications of a closed-cycle gas turbine for the HTGR installation. Attention is given to the way such a closed-cycle gas turbine can be modeled. Subsequently the sensitivity of the efficiency to several design choices is investigated. This model is developed in Fortran.

Description of an Operating Closed Cycle: Helium Gas Turbine

1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. La Fleur
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Refrigeration Cycle ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Compressor Inlet ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Low Temperature Refrigeration ◽  
Made In

In May of 1960 La Fleur Enterprises, later to become The La Fleur Corporation, undertook the design of a closed-cycle gas turbine utilizing helium as a working fluid. The useful output of this machine was to be in the form of a stream of helium bled from the last stage of the compressor. This stream was to be used in a low-temperature refrigeration cycle (not described in this paper) and would be returned to the compressor inlet at approximately ambient temperature and at compressor-inlet pressure. The design of this machine was completed by the end of 1960 and construction was initiated immediately. The unit was completed and initial tests were made in the Spring of 1962. This paper covers the design philosophy as it affected the conceptual and preliminary design phases of the project and describes briefly the design of the various components. Photographs of these components and a flow schematic are included.

The Liquid Metal Fuel Reactor Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant

1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Stoughton ◽  
T. V. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Reactor Fuel ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Fuel Reactor ◽  
Metal Fuel ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

A nuclear power plant is proposed which combines the advantages of a liquid metal fueled reactor with those inherent in a closed cycle gas turbine. The reactor fuel is a solution of uranium in molten bismuth which allows for unlimited burn-up with continuous fuel make-up and processing. The fuel can either be contained in a graphite core structure or circulated through an external heat exchanger. The cycle working fluid is an inert gas which is heated by the reactor fuel before entering the turbine. A 15 MW closed cycle gas turbine system is shown to illustrate the application of this reactor.

Design of a 6- by 6-Foot Coal-Fired Heater for a CCGT Air Heater

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Russell ◽  
J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Department of Energy is sponsoring a program of research and development on coal-fired heaters to provide heat input to the working fluid of a closed-cycle gas turbine/cogeneration system. One of the fired heater concepts being researched employs the atmospheric pressure fluidized bed coal combustion concept. This paper describes a research oriented atmospheric fluidized bed of 6- by 6-foot plan dimensions that has been designed and is being constructed for utilization during the R&D program. The design rationale is presented, details of the more significant details are described and discussed, and the planned methods for utilizing the 6- by 6-foot AFB as a research tool are presented.

scholarly journals Performance Analyses and Evaluation of Co2 and N2 as Coolants in a Recuperated Brayton Gas Turbine Cycle for a Generation IV Nuclear Reactor Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Theoklis Nikolaidis ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Suresh Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Power ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

Abstract As demands for clean and sustainable energy renew interests in nuclear power to meet future energy demands, generation IV nuclear reactors are seen as having the potential to provide the improvements required for nuclear power generation. However, for their benefits to be fully realized, it is important to explore the performance of the reactors when coupled to different configurations of closed-cycle gas turbine power conversion systems. The configurations provide variation in performance due to different working fluids over a range of operating pressures and temperatures. The objective of this paper is to undertake analyses at the design and off-design conditions in combination with a recuperated closed-cycle gas turbine and comparing the influence of carbon dioxide and nitrogen as the working fluid in the cycle. The analysis is demonstrated using an in-house tool, which was developed by the authors. The results show that the choice of working fluid controls the range of cycle operating pressures, temperatures, and overall performance of the power plant due to the thermodynamic and heat properties of the fluids. The performance results favored the nitrogen working fluid over CO2 due to the behavior CO2 below its critical conditions. The analyses intend to aid the development of cycles for generation IV nuclear power plants (NPPs) specifically gas-cooled fast reactors (GFRs) and very high-temperature reactors (VHTRs).

Design and Operational Challenges of Switching Working Fluid for a Gen IV Nuclear Powered Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine: Case Studies of Nitrogen and Air, Helium and Argon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Nasiru Tukur ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
First Case ◽  
Gen Iv

Abstract A unique benefit of using the closed-cycle gas turbine and gas turbomachines employed in the Gen-IV nuclear power plant is the flexibility it offers in terms of working fluid usage. This is so because of the self-containing nature of the closed-cycle gas turbine. To this end, the selection of the working fluid for the cycle operation is driven by several factors such as the cycle performance, system design, and component material compatibility with fluid properties, availability, and many more. This paper provides an understanding of the design and operational challenges of switching working fluids for a nuclear powered closed-cycle gas turbine. Using the plant output power of a simple closed-cycle configuration as a baseline condition, two case studies have been presented in this paper to explore the design and operational challenges of switching working fluids. In the first case study, the fluid was switched from nitrogen to air and in the second case study, helium and argon were utilised. In both cases, using thermodynamic flow relationship, the closed-cycle gas turbine turbomachinery components maps were analysed to understand the operational requirements for switching the working fluids. The paper also provided an insight into the turbomachinery component design considerations for this to be achieved. The overarching results from a thermodynamic perspective showed fluids with similar thermodynamic behaviour could be switched during idle synchronous speed.

The Efficiency of Closed-Cycle Gas Turbines Controlled by Different Methods and Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
V.D. Molyakov ◽  
B.A. Kunikeev ◽  
N.I. Troitskiy
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Pressure Compressor

Closed-cycle gas turbine units can be used as power plants for advanced nuclear power stations, spacecraft, ground, surface and underwater vehicles. The purpose and power capacity of closed gas turbine units (CGTU) determine their specific design schemes, taking into account efficient operation of the units both in the nominal (design) mode and in partial power modes. Control methods of both closed and open gas turbine units depend on the scheme and design of the installation but the former differ from the latter mainly in their ability to change gas pressure at the entrance to the low-pressure compressor. This pressure can be changed by controlling the mass circulating in the CGTU circuit, adding or releasing part of the working fluid from the closed system as well as by internal bypassing of the working fluid. At a constant circulating mass in the single-shaft CGTU, the temperature of the gas before the turbines and the shaft speed can be adjusted depending on the type of load. The rotational speed of the turbine shaft, blocked with the compressor, can be adjusted in specific ways, such as changing the cross sections of the flow of the impellers. At a constant mass of the working fluid, the pressure at the entrance to the low-pressure compressor varies depending on the control program. The efficiency of the CGTU in partial power modes depends on the installation scheme, control method and program. The most economical control method is changing the pressure in the circuit. Extraction of the working fluid into special receivers while maintaining the same temperature in all sections of the unit leads to a proportional decrease in the density of the working fluid in all sections and the preservation of gas-dynamic similarity in the nodes (compressors, turbines and pipelines). Specific heat flux rates, and therefore, temperatures change slightly in heat exchangers. As the density decreases, heat fluxes change, as the heat transfer coefficient decreases more slowly than the density of the working fluid. With a decrease in power, this leads to a slight increase in the degree of regeneration and cooling in the heat exchangers. The underestimation of these phenomena in the calculations can be compensated by the underestimation of the growth of losses in partial power modes.

Performance Analysis of Generation IV Nuclear Reactor Power Plant Using CO2 and N2: Case Study of a Recuperated Brayton Gas Turbine Cycle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Theoklis Nikolaidis ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Suresh Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Power ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Closed Cycle

With renewed interest in nuclear power to meet the world’s future energy demand, the Generation IV nuclear reactors are the next step in the deployment of nuclear power generation. However, for the potentials of these nuclear reactor designs to be fully realized, its suitability, when coupled with different configurations of closed-cycle gas turbine power conversion systems, have to be explored and performance compared for various possible working fluids over a range of operating pressures and temperatures. The purpose of this paper is to carry out performance analysis at the design and off-design conditions for a Generation IV nuclear-powered reactor in combination with a recuperated closed-cycle gas turbine and comparing the influence of carbon dioxide and nitrogen as working fluid in the cycle. This analysis is demonstrated in GTACYSS; a performance and preliminary design code developed by the authors for closed-cycle gas turbine simulations. The results obtained shows that the choice of working fluid controls the range of cycle operating pressures, temperatures and overall performance of the power plant due to the thermodynamic and heat properties of the fluids. The performance results favored the nitrogen working fluid over CO2 due to the behavior CO2 below its critical conditions.

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