Young's Modulus and Damping Coefficients of Metals at High Temperatures

1952 ◽  
Vol 18 (65) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Tosimitu TUMURA ◽  
Hideo YAMADA

Hitherto, investigations into the elastic properties of metals have been confined to comparatively low temperatures. Gray, Dunlop, and Blyth have measured the modulus of rigidity and Young’s modulus for wires up to temperatures of 100° C., and found that both these quantities decrease as the temperature rises. Martens determined the influence of heat on the strength of iron up to temperatures of 600° C., but his experiments were the ordinary tensile tests carried to rupture, and though he also found a substantial diminution of Young’s modulus with rise of temperature, he did not go into the point fully, being mainly concerned with breaking stress and elongation. In the experiments here described the elastic properties of steel and iron have been investigated at higher temperatures, ranging up to 800° C., and for stresses greatly below that required to rupture the material. We have found that as the temperature rises the stress-strain relations undergo a remarkable change, which may best be expressed by saying that what is variously called the “time-effect,” or “elastische nachwirkung,” or “creeping,” increases greatly with the temperature. Steel, at high temperatures, behaves like indiarubber or glass; if it is stressed for a time, and the stress removed, it does not at once recover, but after the immediate elastic recovery there is a slow contraction perceptible for many minutes. Such “creeping” can be detected at ordinary temperatures, but at a red heat it attains a different order of magnitude, becoming (in its total amount) a substantial fraction of the whole deformation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 4171-4183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Luchini ◽  
Joern Grabenhorst ◽  
Jens Fruhstorfer ◽  
Victor C. Pandolfelli ◽  
Christos G. Aneziris

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.23) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A. Othuman Mydin ◽  
N Mohamad ◽  
I Johari ◽  
A A. Abdul Samad

This paper focuses on laboratory investigation to scrutinize and portray the Young’s modulus of cellular mortar exposed to high temperatures. Two densities of cellular mortar of 600 and 900 kg/m3 density were cast and tested under axial compression and 3-point bending. The tests were performed at room temperature, 105°C, 205°C, 305°C, 405°C, 505°C, and 605°C. The results of this study consistently indicated that the loss in toughness for cement based material like cellular mortar exposed to high temperatures happens principally after 105°C, irrespective of density of cellular mortar. This specifies that the principal contrivance instigating stiffness deprivation is micro cracking in the cement matrix, which happens as water magnifies and disappears from the porous body. As projected, decreasing the density of cellular mortar diminishes its compressive strength and bending strength. Though, for cellular mortar of different densities, the normalized strength-temperature and Young’s modulus-temperature relationships are comparable.  


2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong Weicheng ◽  
Shen Hui ◽  
Kong Dejun

TiAlN and TiSiN coatings were deposited on YT15 cemented carbide using a cathodic arc ion plating (CAIP). The surface-cross section morphologies, chemical elements, surface roughness, phases, and chemical valences of as-obtained coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively, and the bonding strength, hardness and Young's modulus of TiAlN and TiSiN coatings were measured using a scratch tester and nano-indentation, respectively, and the wear mechanism at high temperatures was also discussed. The results show that the surface roughness of TiAlN and TiSiN coatings is 69.1 and 58.0 nm, respectively, and the corresponding average particle size is 998.8 and 817.2 nm, respectively. The TiAlN coating is composed of TiAlN and AlN, while the TiSiN coating is composed of TiN and Si3N4. The bonding strength of TiAlN and TiSiN coatings is 84.3 and 72.6 N, respectively, the hardness and Young's modulus of TiAlN coating is 23.67 and 415.80 GPa, respectively, while that of TiSiN coating is 20.46 and 350.40 GPa, respectively. The average coefficients of friction (COFs) of TiAlN and TiSiN coatings are 0.4516 and 0.4807, respectively; the corresponding wear rate is 589.7 × 10−6 and 4142.2 × 10−6 mm3 N−1 s−1, respectively; the wear mechanism of TiAlN and TiSiN coatings is oxidation wear and abrasive wear.


1923 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chas H Lees ◽  
Jas P Andrews ◽  
L S Shave

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