Agricultural Safety and Health Learning Methods for Agricultural Workforces

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Serap Gorucu ◽  
Linda Fetzer

HighlightsDemonstrations and one-on-one training were the most preferred learning methods.The most-used learning methods were electronic methods.Printed materials were preferred and perceived as effective by Baby Boomers.Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences among generational cohorts in the agricultural workforce in learning methods, including frequency of use, perceived effectiveness, and preference. A total of 211 participants representing the agricultural workforce completed either a paper-based or online questionnaire. Generational cohorts were determined using participants’ birth years. The results show that regardless of the generational cohort, demonstrations and one-on-one training were the most preferred learning methods and were also perceived as the most effective methods. Participants indicated that they mostly use electronic methods to learn about agricultural safety and health. Generational differences were found for some learning methods. Printed materials were found to be preferred and perceived as effective by Baby Boomers more so than the other cohorts. Electronic methods were mostly used by Gen X and Millennial participants. For learning about agricultural safety, demonstrations are the most preferred and most effective methods but are not used as frequently as the other learning methods. Agricultural safety education should continue delivering safety demonstrations. Keywords: Learning methods, Multigenerational, Safety and health, Training.

Author(s):  
A.J. Nicholas

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea;">Today&rsquo;s workers and consumers </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">consist of four generations of individuals raised with very different technologies and lifestyles. How does this affect attracting and retaining individuals as workers or consumers? Generational differences of Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X and Generation Y may </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea;">influence their values and preferences. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Why will understanding these dissimilar perceptions be important? According to Murphy (2007), &ldquo;different perspectives on issues like work ethic, leadership, and authority can cause conflict, frustration, and misunderstanding if not managed well&rdquo; (p.18).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>In a recent </span>&ldquo;World of Work Survey&rdquo; (2008), the older and younger generations noted l<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ittle or no interaction with the other. This is not conducive to a cooperative environment where working with and learning from one another can be vital. Understanding what appeals to the generations as consumers is also critical for organizations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>T</span>argeting specific generations for their preferences and reaching them through media that is suitable to their style is an important marketing trend (Marconi, 2001).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Customizing for these dissimilar cohorts will require knowledge of their particular attitudes and inclinations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Understanding these different perceptions will enable improved communications for the workforce and the consumer. This paper seeks to clarify some of these differences. </span></span></p>


2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Hernaus ◽  
Nina Pološki Vokic

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to uncover the nature of job characteristics related to different generational cohorts (Baby-boomers, Generation X and Generation Y). Significant differences between four task and four social job characteristics across generational cohorts have been revealed. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical research was conducted through a field study of employees from large-sized Croatian organizations. A cross-sectional and cross-occupational research design was applied. A total of 512 knowledge workers (139 managers and 373 professionals) participated in the research. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to determine and compare work design across generations. Findings – The results indicate that job characteristics are not equally represented within different generational cohorts. While the nature of task job characteristics is mostly irrespective of generations, social job characteristics to some extent differ among generational cohorts. High task variety, reasonably high task identity, and a moderate level of both received interdependence and task significance are recognized as common job characteristics of knowledge workers across generations. However, jobs of Baby-boomers, Xers, and Yers are idiosyncratic for work autonomy, interaction with others, initiated interdependence, and teamwork. Additionally, the inclusion of the work type as a control variable revealed that interaction with others does differ but only among generations of professionals. Originality/value – The present study is the first research in which generational similarities and differences have been empirically examined through job characteristics. The authors focused on knowledge workers within an under-researched context (studies about knowledge workers, work design and generational differences are rare or non-existent in south-eastern European countries), making this systematic investigation unique and practically significant.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Nour ◽  
Yuan-Hsin Cheng ◽  
Ji-Qin Ni ◽  
Ed Sheldon ◽  
William E. Field

HighlightsA total of 133 cases were documented in a seven-state region, with Iowa reporting 43% of the cases and asphyxiations accounting for 42% of all cases.Most victims were male (&gt;79%) with an average age of 38 years.The overall fatality rate was 57%, and 16% of the victims were under the age of 21.Thirteen incidents involved secondary victims, including eleven incidents involving two, one incident involving three, and one incident involving four.Abstract. Research was conducted to document, classify, analyze, and summarize available injury and fatality data involving facilities and equipment for livestock manure storage, handling, and transport in the seven-state region (Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota) served by the Central States Center for Agricultural Safety and Health (CS-CASH). Data were initially drawn from the Purdue Agricultural Confined Space Incident Database (PACSID), which contained over 2,400 individual U.S. cases of agricultural confined space related entrapment, engulfment, entanglement, asphyxiation, and falls that were documented between 1975 and 2019. Data from these cases have been partially summarized and published, but the findings did not include in-depth analysis of manure-related incidents. Approximately one in five (460) of the 2,400+ cases that were documented over 44 years involved storage, handling, or transport of livestock wastes, including exposure to toxic gases. Of these, 133 cases were documented as having occurred in the targeted seven-state region. Each case was identified and coded according to a protocol developed previously to classify incidents related to livestock manure handling, storage, and transport. Iowa and Minnesota accounted for 79% of the total, with swine operations accounting for 33% of cases when livestock type was known. Of the victims, 79% were male. Ages ranged from 1 to 85, with an average age of 38, and 15% of the victims were age 21 and under. There were 13 incidents for which two or more victims were identified, including one incident involving four victims. It is believed that historical under-reporting of incidents, especially non-fatal incidents, continues to be a barrier to achieving a more comprehensive understanding of the scope and magnitude of the problem. However, the findings are sufficient to be used in cooperation with stakeholders to enhance the content and delivery of evidence-based agricultural safety and health programs, promote safer work practices, and contribute to the development of engineering design standards. The desired outcomes of this research include more effective strategies to protect farmers and farm workers who are at high risk of manure-related injuries. The findings also provide a sufficient baseline to gauge the effectiveness of future injury prevention measures. Keywords: Confined space, Fatality, Livestock, Manure pit, Manure spreader, Manure storage.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Yuan-Hsin Cheng ◽  
William E. Field ◽  
Roger Tormoehlen ◽  
Edward J. Sheldon

Highlights1,412 farm-related fatalities have been documented in Indiana since 1970.There were 30.7 fatalities annually, with an average of 25.2 over the past ten years.Victims age 60 and older have increased slightly, accounting for about 48% of all documented fatalities.Fatalities involving youth under the age of 18 have decreased in frequency.Tractors accounted for 45% of all farm fatalities over the past 20 years.Tractor rollovers continue to be the most frequent cause of farm-related fatalities.Abstract. Purdue University’s Agricultural Safety and Health Program (PUASHP) has been monitoring farm-related fatalities in Indiana for more than 70 years. The earliest identified summary of cases was published in 1960. This database, although recognized as not comprehensive for all farm-related deaths, provides a unique opportunity to explore trends that have occurred over several decades during which agricultural production has experienced considerable transformation in technology and practices. Analysis of earlier unpublished Indiana fatality data gathered during the 1940s and early 1950s identified the leading causes of deaths during that period as livestock related, primarily involving horses and bulls. These animal-related causes of injury and death have been largely replaced, at a much lower frequency, with tractors and machinery. Over the past five decades, the data show a clear downward trend that closely parallels the decline in the number and ongoing consolidation of farm operations, with the exception of the last decade, during which there has been a slightly increasing frequency of incidents. No fewer than 1,412 farm-related fatalities have been documented in Indiana since 1970, or approximately 30.7 fatalities annually, with an average over the past ten years of 25.2. Fatalities involving children and youth ages 1 to 17 have also continued to decline in number from 5 to 9 per year to an average of less than 2 per year over the last five years. On the other hand, incidents involving those over the age of 60 are trending slightly upward, accounting for about 48% of all documented fatalities and for 33% in 2016. For the past two decades, tractors accounted for 45% of all farm fatalities, including in 1998 when the percentage of cases involving tractors reached a high of 75%. Since 1970, tractor overturns have been the single most frequently identified cause of farm-related deaths. In 2016, 36% of all documented fatalities involved tractors, of which nearly all were related to an overturn. Findings suggest that the diversity of causative agents involved is increasing, the problem remains male-centric with ages that exceed the average age of Indiana farmers, children no longer make up a significant number of cases, and the Amish/Old Order communities and part-time farmers in the state account for a disproportionate share of farm-related deaths. Hazards identified as needing special attention include the operation of older, non-rollover protective structure (ROPS) equipped tractors by older workers, working in wood lots and tree felling on farms, operating self-propelled mowing equipment on farms, working with livestock, including horses, and falls from agricultural structures. The findings are being used to aid in allocation of diminishing injury prevention resources and development of more evidenced-based educational programming. Keywords: Farm, Farm fatalities, Fatality, Indiana, Tractor overturn.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Wahyudin Noor

Abstract Pesantren are often associated with backwardness and traditionalism in everything: facilities, technology, learning methods, and even the curriculum. For now, it seems like the traditional term for pesantren is no longer relevant enough. The pace of movement in the era of renewal marked by the rapid development of technology has demanded pesantren to make adjustments. However, on the one hand, when viewed from the direction of change, the reform efforts pursued by pesantren are not to erase the old tradition, but merely to add something new so that the old tradition and conditions can be maintained while accepting the presence of a new one. On the other hand, the reform efforts undertaken by pesantren have implications for the fact that the typical values of the pesantren are fading away. Abstrak  Pesantren seringkali diasosiasikan dengan keterbelakangan dan tradisional dalam segala hal: fasilitas, teknologi, metode pembelajaran, dan bahkan kurikulumnya. Untuk saat ini, sepertinya istilah tradisional untuk pesantren, sudah tidak lagi cukup relevan. Laju gerak pembaharuan zaman yang ditandai dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi telah menuntut pesantren untuk melakukan penyesuaian diri. Kendatipun demikian, di satu sisi, jika dilihat dari arah perubahan, upaya pembaharuan yang ditempuh pesantren tidaklah untuk menghapus tradisi yang lama, tetapi sekadar menambah dengan sesuatu yang baru sehingga tradisi maupun kondisi yang lama bisa dipertahankan sambil menerima kehadiran yang baru. Di sisi yang lain, upaya pembaharuan yang dilakukan pesantren ternyata berimplikasi pada kenyataan akan semakin pudarnya nilai-nilai khas yang dimiliki oleh pesantren.


Author(s):  
Bruna Rondinone ◽  
Antonio Valenti ◽  
Valeria Boccuni ◽  
Erika Cannone ◽  
Pierluca Dionisi ◽  
...  

The aim of this study is to map the coverage of occupational safety and health (OSH) rules and provisions and their enforcement at a country level worldwide. Members’ participation in the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) activities was also investigated. We used a questionnaire-based survey to collect data. An online questionnaire was administered from February 14 to March 18, 2018 to all ICOH members for the triennium 2015 to 2017 (n = 1929). We received 384 completed questionnaires from 79 countries, with a 20% response rate. To synthesize information about the coverage of OSH rules and provisions and their level of enforcement, a synthetic coverage index was calculated and combined with country, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the human development index (HDI). We used multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to analyze the members’ participation in ICOH activities. More than 90.0% of the sample declared that in their own country there is a set of rules and provisions regulating OSH in the workplace, and training procedures and tools to improve workers’ awareness. However, these rules and training procedures are mainly “partially” enforced and utilized (39.0% and 45.4%). There was no statistically significant association between country and GDP per capita and the synthetic coverage index, whilst controlling for HDI. The level of engagement in ICOH activities is higher in senior members (aged 65 years or older), coming from high-income countries, having held a position within ICOH, with a higher level of education and a researcher position. An integrated and multidisciplinary approach, which includes research, education and training, is needed to address OSH issues and their impact both at global and country level.


2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley J. Donham

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (700) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
H. Caplan

The purpose of this prologue is to outline how I have approached the arrogant and impossible task of surveying an unborn century of law. I may also be able to illustrate that the nature and quality of the task is completely different from that attempted in the preceding papers. In the whole paper I have done little more than infer repeatedly, in different ways (a) that the shape of the future so far as law is concerned will be determined by the methods of communication adopted between sectors of the aerospace community and between the aerospace community and society at large, and (b) that the search for effective methods of communication is urgent. But my target is not the lawyers of our community—who I am not qualified to advise. I write for the other members of the Royal Aeronautical Society and I return to the task of persuading them that they have a role to play in evolving future laws for aerospace activities.


2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Frank ◽  
Robert McKnight ◽  
Steven R. Kirkhorn ◽  
Paul Gunderson

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document