Finding employment and living a good life in London

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Price
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Stable Position ◽  
Market Changes

This is one inner London charity’s story of working alongside people living on a low income. Pecan has worked for over 25 years in the community, with a focus on helping people out of the clutches of poverty through helping people to build the skills and confidence to secure work. But is work able to pay enough in London considering the rising cost of living in London? Drawing on the experiences of some people who have been in touch with Pecan and its projects, the chapter argues that while Pecan does its best to help people find and stay in employment through expert advice and emotional support, the structural difficulties posed by labour and housing market changes, which result in income and housing insecurities, can prevent people from shifting to a more stable position in their lives.

Failed Markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Valenzuela Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Housing Needs

A confluence between the state, the housing market, and the rationale of financial capital has led to excessive growth of social housing in Mexico in the past two decades. This growth has been one way of channeling excess capital into global financial markets rather than the result of a public policy to address the housing needs of the low-income population. Durante las últimas dos décadas la confluencia entre el estado, el mercado de la vivienda y la lógica del capital financiero ha llevado a un crecimiento excesivo de la vivienda social en México. Este crecimiento ha sido una manera de canalizar el excedente de capital hacia los mercados financieros internacionales en vez del resultado de una política pública para resolver las necesidades de vivienda de la población de bajos ingresos.

scholarly journals Gendered Emotional Support and Women’s Well-Being in a Low-Income Urban African Setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-859
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Madhavan ◽  
Shelley Clark ◽  
Yuko Hara
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Gender Composition ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Data Set

In most contexts, emotional support is crucial for the well-being of low-income single women and their children. Support from women may be especially important for single mothers because of precarious ties to their children’s fathers, the prevalence of extended matrifocal living arrangements, and gendered norms that place men as providers of financial rather than emotional support. However, in contexts marked by economic insecurity, spatial dispersion of families, and changing gender norms and kinship obligations, such an expectation may be problematic. Applying theories of emotional capital and family bargaining processes, we address three questions: What is the gender composition of emotional support that single mothers receive? How does gender composition change over time? Does the gender composition of emotional support affect the self-reported stress of single mothers? Drawing on data from a unique data set on 462 low-income single mothers and their kin from Nairobi, Kenya, we uncover three key findings. One, whereas the bulk of strong emotional support comes from female kin, about 20 percent of respondents report having male-dominant support networks. Two, nearly 30 percent of respondents report change favoring men in the composition of their emotional support over six months. Three, having a male-dominant emotional support network is associated with lower stress. These results challenge what is commonly taken for granted about gender norms and kinship obligations in non-Western contexts.

Toward the Pursuit of What People Value

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Mendiola Teng-Calleja ◽  
Jose Antonio R. Clemente ◽  
Ma. Ligaya Menguito ◽  
Donald Jay Bertulfo
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
The Capability Approach

Abstract. This study sought to initiate conversations on the utility of the capability approach and a psychological lens in approximating a living wage. We put forth the concept of capability gap – defined as the difference between what one values and what one perceives as attainable. We used a set of valued domains of a good life that were identified based on well-being indicators in determining capability gaps. Five hundred workers (all breadwinners) belonging to households selected through stratified random sampling from purposively chosen middle- and low-income communities in the Philippines participated in the survey. From the data, we constructed a weighted capability measure that determines the capability gap, weighted by the perceived importance of each of the good life domains. We likewise derived an estimate of a living wage that yields a weighted capability that represents individuals' capabilities to achieve and pursue valued outcomes, freedoms, and entitlements. This initial attempt at estimating a living wage based on individuals' capability to achieve and pursue a good life is presented as the main contribution of the research. The limitations of the study as well as its implications to living wage research and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Changes in Food Consumption of WIC-Participating Infants and Children, 2008 vs. 2016 (P11-066-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Guthrie ◽  
Andrea Anater ◽  
Diane Catellier ◽  
Wendy Johnson ◽  
Erin Quann
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Food Packages ◽  
Food Package ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objectives The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutritionally at-risk low-income pregnant women, infants and children up to 5 years of age with foods tailored to their nutritional needs, along with nutrition education. In 2009, USDA made major revisions to WIC food packages to better conform to expert dietary guidance. Notable changes included increased fruits and vegetables, and lower-fat milk for children 2 years and older. This study uses data from the 2008 and 2016 Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) to compare foods consumed by children participating in WIC to foods consumed by children not participating in WIC before and after the food package changes. Methods FITS 2008 (n = 3273) and 2016 (n = 3235) are cross-sectional nationally-representative surveys of caregivers of children < 4 years living in the U.S. Trained telephone interviewers collected 24-hour dietary data. Tests of interaction were used to determine whether the trends in consumption of select foods between 2008 and 2016 differed between children who participate in WIC compared to those who do not, while controlling for income and household size. Results The percentage of WIC infants (6-11.9 months) eating vegetables increased from 2008 to 2016, but the % eating fruit (including 100% juice) was unchanged. WIC infants shifted from being less likely than non-WIC infants to eat babyfood fruits and vegetables in 2008 to being more likely to eat them in 2016; at the same time, the % of WIC participants consuming non babyfood fruit and vegetables declined. The percentage of WIC children (12-23.9 months) drinking whole milk increased and drinking reduced fat (2%) milk decreased in 2016 compared to 2008; whereas older WIC children (24-47.9 months) were more likely to drink low or nonfat milk and less likely to drink reduced-fat milk. Conclusions Babyfood fruits and vegetables, added to the WIC food package in 2009, have become important contributors to WIC infants’ fruit and vegetable intakes. In 2016, WIC children were more likely to follow expert advice to shift to lower fat milks at ages 2 and above. Significant changes in the relationship of these food patterns to WIC participation between 2008 and 2016 suggest an important public health role of the revised WIC food packages. Funding Sources FITS 2008 and 2016 supported by Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne Switzerland.

scholarly journals Adoption of enterprise architecture for healthcare in AeHIN member countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e100136
Author(s):  
Jitendra Jonnagaddala ◽  
Guan N Guo ◽  
Sean Batongbacal ◽  
Alvin Marcelo ◽  
Siaw-Teng Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Health Technologies

BackgroundHealthcare organisations are undergoing a major transformational shift in the use of information and digital health technologies. Enterprise architecture (EA) has been incrementally adopted in many healthcare organisations globally to facilitate this change. EA can increase the effectiveness of an organisation’s digital health capabilities and resources. However, little is known about the status of EA adoption in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to evaluate the challenges, goals and benefits associated with adoption of EA for healthcare in the Asia eHealth Information Network (AeHIN) member countries .MethodsWe developed an EA Adoption Evaluation framework with four principal layers: governance, strategy, EA and performance. The framework guided the development of a questionnaire to investigate the goals, challenges and benefits faced before and during EA adoption by healthcare organisations.Sample26 participants from 18 healthcare organisations in the Asia-Pacific region representing 11 countries. Organisations included Ministries of Health, Universities, Non-Governmental Organisations and Technical Advisory Groups.FindingsOnly 5 of the 18 organisations had begun adopting EA. The goals expressed for EA adoption were to address issues such as interoperability, lack of technical infrastructure and poor alignment of business and information technology strategies. Cost reduction was less emphasised. The main challenges to adopting EA was the lack of EA knowledge, leadership and involvement of senior management.ConclusionThe adoption of EA is incipient in AeHIN member healthcare organisations. To encourage EA adoption, these organisations need to invest in internal capacity building, senior management training and seek independent EA expert advice to systematically identify and address the barriers to adopting EA.

scholarly journals Explaining the declined affordability of housing for low-income private renters across Western Europe

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2618-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dewilde
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Before And After

The private rented sector (PRS) recently enjoyed a revival, in particular in the years before and after the Great Financial Crisis (GFC). At the same time however, affordability concerns have come to the fore. The main aim of this paper is to explain trends in housing affordability for lower-income households in the PRS across Western European countries, from a supply versus demand perspective. To this end we: (1) related trends in housing affordability to wider changes in housing systems, welfare regimes, demographic indicators and housing market financialisation; and (2) decomposed affordability trends in terms of rents and incomes, controlling for compositional shifts. We incorporated the spatial dimension by distinguishing between urban and rural regions. Although we could not explicitly test for the more fine-grained mechanisms relating housing market financialisation to increased ‘unaffordability’ of PRS-housing, our findings nevertheless warrant future research into this topic. In particular in countries with strong financialisation (Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain and Portugal) decreasing affordability arises from the fact that during the period 1995–2007 private rent increases were not compensated for sufficiently by income growth. We furthermore found that across urban regions, between 1995 and 2007, affordability worsened through demand pressure arising from in-migration. Changes after the GFC (up to 2013) were more limited and diverse.

scholarly journals The Distributional Consequences of Large Devaluations

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 3477-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Cravino ◽  
Andrei A. Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Distributional Consequences ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Income Decile

We study the impact of large exchange rate devaluations on the cost of living at different points on the income distribution. Poor households spend relatively more on tradeable product categories and consume lower-priced varieties within categories. Changes in the relative price of tradeables and of lower-priced varieties affect the cost of living of low-income relative to high-income households. We quantify these effects following the 1994 Mexican devaluation and show that they can have large distributional consequences. Two years post-devaluation, the cost of living for the bottom income decile rose 1.48 to 1.62 times more than for the top income decile. (JEL D12, D31, E31, F31, O12, O19, O24)

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