Reconsidering implementation

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Kate Crowley ◽  
Jenny Stewart ◽  
Adrian Kay ◽  
Brian W. Head
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Implementation Theory ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Policy Success ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Policy Problems

Scholarly interest in implementation theory has waxed and waned despite enduring concerns with practitioner competences and the causes of policy failure or policy success. Attention to understanding and improving policy implementation needs to build on previous attempts to identify and absorb the lessons already known. Implementation processes often encounter governance challenges that were unforeseen, arising from difficulties in coordination of partnerships or from rapid changes in external events. This chapter reconsiders the role of implementation analysis in the era of governance, which sees implementation as joined-up networked practices discounts the significance of state capacity and centrality. The chapter recounts the manner in which implementation theory has evolved, from early instrumental accounts, to top-down, bottom-up and synthesised analysis, to current interest in the utility of implementation theory in addressing complexity of policy problems. It argues that, despite the shift in emphasis to governance-based and interpretive accounts, implementation as a structural and process challenge in government policy practice remains a vital concern. So do the problems of failure and success, learning and capacity, monitoring and evaluation that implementation theory has highlighted. Policy change agendas are foreshadowed, for further analysis in the following chapter.

scholarly journals PERAN DUNIA USAHA DAN DUNIA INDUSTRI DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN SMK BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI KOTA MATARAM

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indriaturrahmi Indriaturrahmi ◽  
Sudiyatno Sudiyatno
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The City

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) peran DUDI dalam mendorong produk kebijakan pendidikan Pemda Kota Mataram dalam mengembangkan SMK berbasis kearifan lokal; (2) implementasi penyelenggaraan kebijakan pendidikan SMK yang sesuai dengan kearifan lokal; dan (3) peran DUDI dalam pengembangan SMK. Informan kunci pada penelitian adalah Kepala Dinas Dikmen sub-bagian kepala seksi kurikulum, Kepala Sekolah, Wakasek Humas Industri, Pembimbing Industri, dan Siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) peran DUDI dalam mendorong kebijakan Pemda terkait pengembangan SMK berbasis kearifan lokal belum memadai; (2) implementasi kebijakan Pemda, antara lain: (a) monitoring dan evaluasi, (b) menyediakan unit gedung baru, (c) membuka kompetensi keahlian baru, (d) pemberian dana, (e) mengadakan Gebyar SMK se-Kota Mataram; dan (3) peran DUDI dalam pengembangan SMK antara lain: (a) penyelenggaraan prakerin siswa berjalan dengan baik. b) industri sebagai tempat pemagangan guru, c) industri terlibat dalam uji kompetensi siswa tingkat akhir dan tempat menyalurkan lulusan, d) belum ada kerja sama terkait penyediaan sarana dan prasarana, dan e) pengembangan kurikulum dalam bentuk workshop kurikulum. Kata kunci: peran DUDI, penyelenggaraan SMK, kearifan lokal THE ROLE OF BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (VHS) BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM IN THE CITY OF MATARAM Abstract This research aims to know: (1) the role of business and industry in encouraging the product education policy of the local government in Mataram City for developing vocaational high school (VHS) based on local wisdom; (2) the implementation of VHS education policy with an appropriate local wisdom; and (3) the role of business and industry in developing VHS. The key informants in this research were the Head of Secondary Education Curriculum Sub-section, Principal, Vice Principal of Industry Public Relations, Industry Counsellors, and students. The data were collected by observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique included data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: (1) the role of business and industry in encouraging the regional government policy related to VHS development based on local wisdom had not been adequate; (2) the implementation of regional government policy were among others: (a) monitoring and evaluation, (b) providing a new building unit, (c) opening new expertise competencies, (d) providing funds, (e) conducting Gebyar SMK in the city of Mataram; and (3) the roles of business and industry in the development of VHS were among others: (a) the implementation of the students’ industrial practice ran well, (b) the industry as the place for teachers’ apprenticeship, (c) the industry was involved in students’ competency test at the end of the students’ study and as an institute which would recruit the graduates, d) there had not been any cooperation related to the provision of facilities and infrastructure, and e) curriculum development in the form of a curriculum workshop. Keywords: the role of business and industry, implementation of VHS, local wisdom

Public Policy Making in Tunisia: The Contribution of Policy Research Institutes

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-100
Author(s):  
Intissar Kherigi ◽  
Khalil Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
Evaluation Of Public Policies

The concept of governance is increasingly used to describe a range of factors relating to “the exercise of economic, political and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels.” The process of policymaking lies at the heart of the governance challenge. The conception, planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies are the visible outcomes of the process of exercising economic, political and administrative authority. These policy processes and their outcomes can be measured, assessed and evaluated in order to improve governance and achieve higher value outcomes for the public. The important role of applied research in this process is increasingly being recognised by practitioners. This paper examines the role of policy research institutes in Tunisia in policy evaluation and providing policy makers with valuable data and analysis in order to contribute to a better understanding of policy problems and more effective policies that are targeted to the needs of the affected groups. Our research shows that such institutes are developing a stake in the policymaking process in Tunisia, using new spaces for policy research and critical engagement to scrutinise and question government policies, challenge policy frameworks and government models and raise new policy problems. The paper examines the challenges facing these institutes and presents recommendations for strengthening their role in order to contribute to developing more effective forms of policy monitoring and evaluation that can help the state to design more effective public services, assist legislative bodies to better exercise their role of democratic oversight, and raise the public’s level of understanding of, and engagement in, how their government is conducting their affairs.

The SORS Decision-Making Support System: A statistical tool for better policy making in the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Miladin Kovačević ◽  
Katarina Stančić
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
System A ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Trusted Data

Modern society is witnessing a data revolution which necessarily entails changes to the overall behavior of citizens, governments and companies. This is a big challenge and an opportunity for National Statistics Offices (NSOs). Especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, when the public debate about the number of mortalities and tested and infected persons escalated, trusted data is required more than ever. Which data can modern society trust? Are modern societies being subjected to opinion rather than fact? This paper introduces a new statistical tool to facilitate policy-making based on trusted statistics. Using economic indicators to illustrate implementation, the new statistical tool is shown to be a flexible instrument for analysis, monitoring and evaluation of the economic situation in the Republic of Serbia. By taking a role in public policy management, the tool can be used to transform the NSO’s role in the statistical system into an active participant in public debate in contrast to the previous traditional, usually passive role of collecting, processing and publishing data. The tool supports the integration of statistics into public policies and connects the knowledge and expertise of official statisticians on one side with political decision makers on the other.

Commentary on “Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: issues for policy, practice and education”

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianne Redquest ◽  
Yona Lunsky
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Practice

Purpose There has been an increase in research exploring the area of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and diabetes. Despite being described as instrumental to diabetes care for people with IDD, the role and experiences of family carers, such as parents and siblings, are often neglected in this research. However, it is clear that family carers do not feel that they have sufficient knowledge about diabetes. The purpose of this commentary is to extend the content from “Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: Issues for policy, practice, and education (Maine et al., 2020)” and discuss how family carers can feel better supported when caring for someone with IDD and diabetes. Design/methodology/approach This commentary discusses specific efforts such as STOP diabetes, DESMOND-ID and OK-diabetes for people with IDD including family carers. Encouragement is given for health care providers to recommend such programmes to people with IDD and their family carers. It is also suggested that health care providers involve family carers in diabetes care planning and implementation for people with IDD. Findings It is hoped that if changes are made to current diabetes practices and more research with family carers is conducted, diabetes prevention and management for people with IDD will be more successful and family carers can feel more confident in providing support to their loved ones. Originality/value Research exploring the role of family carers in diabetes care for people with IDD and diabetes is very limited. This commentary makes recommendations to help family carers feel better supported in their role. It also provides areas for future research.

Modelling the Role of Government Policy in Post-War Australian Immigration

1979 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALLEN C. KELLEY ◽  
ROBERT M. SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Post War

An Evaluation of a Self-Initiated Practice Exercise for Investigative Interviewers of Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Wright ◽  
Belinda L. Guadagno ◽  
Martine B. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Investigative Interviewing ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Complex Skills ◽  
Practice Opportunities ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The current study extends debate and research on the important role of practice in promoting and sustaining complex skills in investigative interviewing. Specifically, we explored the use of self-initiated practice as one avenue for facilitating ongoing development of professionals who interview children about abuse. A group of 40 investigative interviewers were required to organise and administer their own practice opportunities and to document these sessions in a diary. The professionals were aware of the important role of practice and what constitutes best-practice interview guidelines; however no instruction was given about the desired format, structure and timing of the practice sessions. A combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed poor adherence to self-initiated practice, and the practice (among those who adhered to this model) had negligible impact on performance. Overall, these findings highlight the need for careful monitoring and evaluation of all interviewer practice tasks.

The role of exploratory mechanisms in evolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 349 (1329) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Variation And Selection

Many cellular mechanisms use a process of variation and selection to generate specific patterns. Among these, dynamic instability of microtubules has been shown to employ a specific mechanism to intentionally generate variation. In many systems the growth of neurons or neuronal processes is excessive, the final connections being established by stabilization of functional interactions. When changes in neuronal networks take place, such as in metamorphosis, use is made of the plasticity of neuronal connectivity. In the immune system, specific responses are generated by variation and selection. Processes that explore a wide range of conditions and a wide range of structures can be called exploratory processes. These are very robust and capable of responding to damage, variability in the environment and ontogenic changes in the organisms. Such robustness would be useful for adapting to changes that occur during phylogenetic changes as well. Given the extensive history of extinction and radiation in evolution, it may be supposed that these mechanisms have themselves been selected for their capacity to survive rapid changes in the organism and for their ability to generate cellular variation.

Color-Neutral Disaggregation? Principals’ Practices Around Disaggregating Data From Three School Districts

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-588
Author(s):  
Rachel Roegman ◽  
Ala Samarapungavan ◽  
Yukiko Maeda ◽  
Gary Johns
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Leadership Practice ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Data Practices ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Disaggregated Data ◽  
Disaggregate Data ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Role Of The Principal

Purpose: We explored the practices and understandings around using disaggregated data to inform instruction of 18 principals from three Midwestern school districts. Research Method: This qualitative study used one-on-one semistructured interviews with the principals focusing on how they disaggregate data in practice. The protocol included general questions about principals’ data practices as well as specific questions around disaggregation. Initial inductive coding began with principals’ direct responses to specific questions around disaggregation, and then emerging themes were used to analyze the entire transcripts. Findings: Participants were more likely to talk about disaggregation in relation to performance (by teacher, by grade level, etc.) than by subgroup (by race/ethnicity, by gender, etc.). Further analysis highlighted principals’ purposes for disaggregating data that focused on identifying low performance on standards-based assessments, as well as the challenges they faced, particularly in terms of technical skills and software. Implications for Research and Practice: We conclude with a discussion of how disaggregation could support or challenge equity-focused leadership, with implications for policy, practice, and preparation. We consider the role of the principal in identifying inequitable patterns versus focusing on individual students, and different ways that equity can become part of regular leadership practice.

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