Payment by Results and Social Impact Bonds in the UK

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Albertson ◽  
Chris Fox ◽  
Chris O’leary ◽  
Gary Painter ◽  
Kimberly Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
The Uk

This chapter discusses the development of outcomes-based commissioning in the UK, focusing on Payment by Results (PbR) and Social Impact Bonds (SIBs). It first considers key policies that have underpinned outcomes-based commissioning in the UK since 2010 before analysing PbR programmes and SIBs in more detail, highlighting results and some of the important issues related to these areas of policy. It shows that the themes of New Public Management (NPM) and risk management are evident in the development of PbR and SIBs, whereas the theme of social innovation is present but less prominent. The chapter also provides an overview of the social investment market and two PbR programmes, namely, the Work Programme and the Troubled Families programme. Finally, it describes two SIBs: HMP Peterborough SIB and Nottingham Futures SIB.

Conclusions, cautions and future directions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Albertson ◽  
Chris Fox ◽  
Chris O’leary ◽  
Gary Painter ◽  
Kimberly Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Public ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Logical Extension

This book has examined some technical, economic and political questions about outcomes-based commissioning as well as key theoretical debates, arguing that outcomes-based commissioning in its various guises may be theorised as a logical extension of New Public Management (NPM) or marketisation. It has also shown that outcomes-based commissioning might be theorised as policy makers' response to complexity and risk management, and/or as a means of facilitating philanthropists and other private sector actors in social innovation. This chapter draws conclusions from the evidence that has been reviewed, discusses the theoretical issues that have been identified, and considers future directions for Payment by Results (PbR) and Social Impact Bonds (SIBs).

Outcome-based commissioning: theoretical underpinnings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Albertson ◽  
Chris Fox ◽  
Chris O’leary ◽  
Gary Painter ◽  
Kimberly Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Perverse Incentives ◽  
Public Sector Efficiency

This chapter discusses some key theoretical issues that are raised by outcomes-based commissioning. It begins by outlining three potential theoretical drivers of outcomes-based commissioning. First, Payment by Results (PbR)/Pay for Success (PFS) and Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) can be viewed as the logical next step in the New Public Management (NPM) reforms aimed at improving public sector efficiency. Second, they can be explained as an attempt by policy makers to deal with complexity in the social world. Third, they can be interpreted as a means by which policy makers seek to facilitate and develop new and existing philanthropic activity and social enterprise. The chapter goes on to consider the underlying theories and objectives of outcomes-based commissioning as well as how practice and theory may differ, focusing on issues relating to perverse incentives, conflicting policy objectives, risk management, and contracting. Finally, it examines questions of delivery and outcomes.

Outcomes-based contracts in the UK public sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Chris Fox ◽  
Kevin Albertson
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
The Uk

A major innovation in public sector commissioning in recent years is the recourse of the state to so called ‘Outcomes-based Contracts’ particularly Payment by Results (PbR) in the UK. A PbR contract contains three elements, a commissioner, a service provider and an outcomes metric. The outcomes metrics is designed, in theory, to align the incentive structures of the commissioner and the service delivery agency so as to achieve efficient results. Thus, PbR is theorised to allow public commissioners to pay a provider of services on the basis of specified outcomes achieved rather than the inputs or outputs delivered. A related innovation is that of Social Impact Bonds (SIBs). SIBs are distinguished from PbR contracts in that they supposedly allow financiers to contribute to the social innovation process by providing working capital. The return on the SIB is calculated using PbR methodology. Compared to a PbR contract, the SIB contract seeks to align the incentive structures, not only of commissioners and providers, but also financiers through an appropriate metrics-based payments scheme. PbR and SIBs have been referred to as key tools for delivering change. In this chapter we set out the theoretical and practical challenges arising from the development and application of PbR and SIBs and consider the evidence of their efficacy or otherwise.

Employment Services

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Greer ◽  
Karen Breidahl ◽  
Matthias Knuth ◽  
Flemming Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
New Public ◽  
Work Assessment ◽  
Work Programme

Denmark, Germany, and Britain have marketized their employment services in different ways. This chapter introduces the tasks involved in moving jobless people into, or closer to, paid work (assessment, advice, training, job placement, and the organization of make-work schemes). In Denmark New Public Management and municipalization trends have combined to produce dramatic fluctuations in the volume of work and the rules of the market; marketization has proceeded in three waves since 2005. In Germany, there are diverse market segments reflecting the persistence of three different transaction modes in the wake of the Hartz reforms; marketization was implemented in 2002–5. In Britain, a series of privatization experiments led to the creation of a highly concentrated, centralized, and uncompetitive market, with several multinational firms managing the bulk of the market as Work Programme prime contractors; this market structure was created in 2008–11.

scholarly journals Brottsoffer i indikatorland – Öppna jämförelser inom socialtjänstens brottsofferstödjande arbete

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Agevall Gross ◽  
Verner Denvall ◽  
Cecilia Kjellgren ◽  
Mikael Skillmark
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Programme Theory ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
National Board ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Victim Support ◽  
Support Work

Crime victims in Indicatorland – Open comparisons in the social services’ work with victim supportSince the 90s there have been extensive changes in the public sector, such as rationalization and increasing demands for documentation and review. The changes have also affected the social services’ victim support work that has increasingly been subject to various forms of regulation, such as requirements for monitoring, evaluation and quality assurance. This article aims to examine one of the monitoring systems applied in the victim support work: the instrument of open comparisons. This article is based on an exploratory study of the local organization of crime prevention in two municipalities and analyses how the processes of open comparisons are organized at local, regional and central levels. The empirical data consists of documents such as legal sources and handbooks from e.g. the National Board of Health and Welfare and the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions, as well as documents obtained locally in the two municipalities. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with professionals working on different organizational levels. Analytically the study has been inspired by programme theory, which made it possible to concentrate on clarifying the operational idea in which open comparisons are based and capturing the consequences in the two cases. The study shows that open comparisons have been implemented without support from existing research. However, strong normative support for open comparisons exists within governmental agencies and the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions. They are included as one of many elements of New Public Management and result in changes in the victim support work. In contrast to present visions, the performance is not affected to any significant extent. In contrast, a comprehensive administration is created, where employees of municipalities are supposed to collect data, register information and analyse the results generated by the open comparisons.

THE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM IN POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF THE NEW CONCEPT OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Leszek Zelek
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Welfare Model

The aim of the article is to present the social assistance model in Poland in the light of new concepts of public management in this area. As a result of the review of the available literature on the subject, the genesis, evolution and directions of development of social assistance in Poland are shown. New directions of management in the context of social policy were discussed. The description of the social welfare model presented in the article is systematising knowledge in the scope of the discussed problem and by comparing new management concepts, assessing the possibilities of their implementation on the ground of social assistance. The first part of the article describes the genesis and evolution of social welfare in Poland and discusses its structure. In the second part, through comparative analysis, an attempt was made to characterize new management concepts, New Public Management and governance, in the light of the social welfare model in Poland

scholarly journals Outlining a theory of the social and symbolic function of evaluations of education

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e1467
Author(s):  
Morten Nørholm
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
New Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Empirical Material

AbstractThe article presents the results of a research project focusing on evaluations of education as a part of a New Public Management in the area of education.The empirical material consists of:- 8 state-sanctioned evaluations of the formal training programs for the positions in a medical field- various texts on evaluations- various examples of Danish evaluation research.A field of producers of Danish evaluation research is constructed as part of a field of power: analogous to the analysed evaluations, Danish evaluation research forms a discourse legitimizing socially necessary administrative interventions. The evaluations and the evaluation research are constructed as parts of a mechanism performing and legitimizing a sorting to an existing social order. The theoretical starting point is from theories, primarily by Émile Durkheim, Pierre Bourdieu and Ulf P. Lundgren.Keywords: evaluation, evaluation of education, social reproduction, New Public Management, societies after the Modern, meritocracy

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