A Bite of the Apple

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-136
Author(s):  
Ann Oakley
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sick Baby ◽  
The Way

During the pilot study for the Social Support and Pregnancy Outcome project, several shared themes emerged from the stories told by participants. These themes later took shape as systematic patterns during the main project itself. Among these themes are: the unresolved anguish of having a small, sick baby in the past, and the consequent increased anxiety in the next pregnancy; inability to get enough of the right kind of information from medical and midwifery staff; problems of insensitive care; physical and/or emotional and/or financial difficulties with partners; trouble with other relatives; and the task of becoming and being a mother in conditions of poverty. This chapter looks at the way in which these themes emerged in the pilot study, and at other ‘results’ of this stage of the research.

Futures Honed

Futures ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118-134
Author(s):  
Barbara Adam
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
The Past ◽  
Writing Theory ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Verse Form ◽  
The Way

This chapter comprises an interview between Barbara Adam and the editors, and is followed by Adam’s ‘Honing Futures’, which is presented in four short verses of distilled theory. In the interview Adam reflects on thirty-five years of futures-thinking rooted in her deeply original work on time and temporality, and her innovative response to qualitative and linear definitions of time within the social sciences. The interview continues with a discussion of the way Adam’s thinking on futures intersects in her work with ideas of ethics and collective responsibility politics and concludes with a brief rationale for writing theory in verse form. In ‘Honing Futures’, a piece of futures theory verse form, Adam charts the movements and moments in considerations of the Not Yet and futurity’s active creation: from pluralized imaginings of the future, to an increasingly tangible and narrower anticipated future, to future-making as designing and reality-creating performance. Collectively, the verses identify the varied complex interdependencies of time, space, and matter with the past and future in all iterations of honing and making futures.

scholarly journals A new myth regarding the Great Trek: Reinvention of identity in Die pad na skuilhoek [The path toSkuilhoek] by Hans du Plessis.

Literator ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies Taljard
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Myth ◽  
The Way

This article aims to illustrate how Hans du Plessis, in his novel Die pad na Skuilhoek [The path to Skuilhoek] (a place of shelter), subverts the way in which history had been presented in historical novels in the past by addressing social issues that contemporary readers find relevant. The first part of the article deals with the social codes that shape the identities of the main characters and how these identities are relevant in terms of the social framework within which the novel is received. In the second place the focus will shift towards Du Plessis’s representation of cultural and national identities. The question: ‘Who were the Afrikaners at the time of the Great Trek?’ will be answered with reference to these identities. In conclusion it will be pointed out how Du Plessis avoids dated practices of historical interpretation by choosing ecocrticism as the ideological framework for his novel and is, in this way, constructing a new social myth about the Great Trek.

The Perils of Vanguardism

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua C Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unexpected Outcome

AbstractOver the past 25 years, Sweden has gone from having one of the most generous unemployment benefit systems among the rich democracies to one of the least. This article advances a multi-causal explanation for this unexpected outcome. It shows how the benefit system became a target of successive right-wing governments due to its role in fostering social democratic hegemony. Employer groups, radicalized by the turbulent 1970s more profoundly than elsewhere, sought to undermine the system, and their abandonment of corporatism in the early 1990s limited unions’ capacity to restrain right-wing governments in retrenchment initiatives. Two further developments help to explain the surprising political resilience of the cuts: the emergence of a private (supplementary) insurance regime and a realignment of working-class voters from the Social Democrats to parties of the right, especially the nativist Sweden Democrats, in the context of a liberal refugee/asylum policy.

scholarly journals Designing the social estate of odnodvortsy of the western provinces in 1831

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Constantin Vadimovich Troianowski
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Social Category ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article investigates the process of designing of the new social estate in imperial Russia - odnodvortsy of the western provinces. This social category was designed specifically for those petty szlachta who did not possess documents to prove their noble ancestry and status. The author analyses deliberations on the subject that took place in the Committee for the Western Provinces. The author focuses on the argument between senior imperial officials and the Grodno governor Mikhail Muraviev on the issue of registering petty szlachta in fiscal rolls. Muraviev argued against setting up a special fiscal-administrative category for petty szlachta suggesting that its members should join the already existing unprivileged categories of peasants and burgers. Because this proposal ran against the established fiscal practices, the Committee opted for creating a distinct social estate for petty szlachta. The existing social estate paradigm in Russia pre-assigned the location of the new soslovie in the imperial social hierarchy. Western odnodvortsy were to be included into a broad legal status category of the free inhabitants. Despite similarity of the name, the new estate was not modeled on the odnodvortsy of the Russian provinces because they retained from the past certain privileges (e.g. the right to possess serfs) that did not correspond to the 19th century attributes of unprivileged social estates.

scholarly journals MODERN MIDDLE AGE IN HIGH FASHION THROUGH THE DESIGN OF ALEKSANDAR JOKSIMOVIĆ

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783
Author(s):  
Dragana Frfulanović-Šomođi ◽  
Milena Savić
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Way

The design of socialist Yugoslavia received a particularly new look through the creation of Aleksandar Joksimović, which gave the new elements a traditional look, equally putting them in rank with world-famous designs of celebrated designers. This paper was created with the idea of emphasizing the importance of the creativity of Joksimović, which is within the framework of socialist norms, as an artist, remained insufficiently recognized, although his work was in the service of exclusive promotion of the cultural aspects of his country. His concept of design based on the medieval cultural tradition emerged from the framework of the then socialist clothes, and it is called grandiose exoticism. The names of the first collections given by the historical figures of medieval Serbian history are a clear indication that it is possible to draw inspiration from the past, if it is professionally approached and adequately, by contemporary trends, the audience and the market. Joksimovic's individualism, apart from design, was also reflected in the way the collection itself was modeled through models and choreographies, and clearly once again showed his step ahead of time, while the social and political circumstances forced him to stay one step behind.

The Ethical Demand and Social Norms

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-65
Author(s):  
Robert Stern
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Variable Character ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ethical Demand ◽  
The Way

This chapter covers Chapters 3 and 4 of The Ethical Demand. In these chapters, Løgstrup adds to his characterization of the demand by claiming that it is ‘radical’. He explains this radicality in terms of various further key features, including the way it may intrude on our lives and pick us out as individuals, while even the enemy is included in the requirement on us to care. At the same time, Løgstrup argues that we do not have the right to make the demand, while also denying that it is ‘limitless’. The features of the demand that make it radical distinguish it from the social norms, while the unconditional and absolute nature of the demand contrasts with the variable character of such norms, a contrast which he uses to respond to the challenge of relativism.

scholarly journals Social network support and harm reduction activities in a peer researcher-led pilot study, British Columbia, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulaf Elkhalifa ◽  
Ehsan Jozaghi ◽  
Samona Marsh ◽  
Erica Thomson ◽  
Delilah Gregg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tangible Support ◽  
Peer Researchers ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Background People who smoke drugs (PWSD) are at high risk of both infectious disease and overdose. Harm reduction activities organized by their peers in the community can reduce risk by providing education, safer smoking supplies, and facilitate access to other services. Peers also provide a network of people who provide social support to PWSD which may reinforce harm reducing behaviors. We evaluated the numbers of supportive network members and the relationships between received support and participants’ harm-reducing activities. Methods Initial peer-researchers with past or current lived drug use experience were employed from communities in Abbotsford and Vancouver to interview ten friends from their social networks who use illegal drugs mainly through smoking. Contacts completed a questionnaire about people in their own harm reduction networks and their relationships with each other. We categorized social support into informational, emotional, and tangible aspects, and harm reduction into being trained in the use of, or carrying naloxone, assisting peers with overdoses, using brass screens to smoke, obtaining pipes from service organizations and being trained in CPR. Results Fifteen initial peer researchers interviewed 149 participants who provided information on up to 10 people who were friends or contacts and the relationships between them. People who smoked drugs in public were 1.46 (95% CI, 1.13-1.78) more likely to assist others with possible overdoses if they received tangible support; women who received tangible support were 1.24 (95% CI; 1.02-1.45) more likely to carry and be trained in the use of naloxone. There was no relationship between number of supportive network members and harm reduction behaviors. Conclusions In this pilot study, PWSD who received tangible support were more likely to assist peers in possible overdoses and be trained in the use of and/or carry naloxone, than those who did not receive tangible support. Future work on the social relationships of PWSD may prove valuable in the search for credible and effective interventions.

The Poverty of Research

2018 ◽  
pp. 377-410
Author(s):  
Ann Oakley
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Real World ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Material Support ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Treatment

This chapter presents an argument about both the narrow and the wider meanings of the Social Support and Pregnancy Outcome study. It addresses the question of findings within three contexts. The first context is that of previous work on social support and health, and of the relations between social and material support; in other words, does befriending pregnant women make sense when their greatest enemy is not lack of social support but inadequate material resourcing of motherhood? The second context is the cultural treatment of women and reproduction; here the question is about the implications of the study for the routine provision of maternity care. The third context relates to the question of who listens, and attends, to the results of research; because of the problematic nature of this part of the process, the question is: does research make any difference to the ‘real’ world anyway?

Results from Phase I of a Pilot Study on Dynamic Ramp Metering in Houston

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (11) ◽  
pp. 478-489
Author(s):  
Hongmin “Tracy” Zhou ◽  
Magdy Kozman
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
Texas Department ◽  
The Right ◽  
Benefit Cost

Traffic in Houston, U.S., has continued growing over the past decade. The Houston District of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) recently began a pilot study to evaluate a dynamic ramp metering system. The project is aimed to convert ramp metering from local control to system-wide dynamic operation. In Phase I of the project, major control parameters and different metering strategies were tested and evaluated in simulation and field settings for a study corridor installed with six ramp meters. The study identified a base metering plan that overall worked well for sites without restrictive queue conditions. This base plan was that average speed of 50 mph or lower in the right-most two mainlanes will call for metering at a constant metering rate of 850 vehicles per hour for at least 4 min, and that queue occupancy of 50% or higher will call for meter shutdown for at least 1 min. Ramp metering coordinated with the downstream intersection performed well by accommodating diverted traffic caused by ramp metering. When operating ramp meters in a group, metering the immediately upstream meter performed best compared with metering further upstream meters. It is evident that ramp metering caused traffic diversion to the frontage road and also caused reduced queue-jumping behaviors on the frontage road at ramp meters with an immediately upstream exit ramp. The coordinated ramp metering strategy can potentially generate a benefit/cost ratio of 117:1 compared with local metering in the District.

scholarly journals The Enforcement Approach to Coercion

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Authority ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ethical Significance ◽  
The Way

This essay differentiates two approaches to understanding the concept of coercion, and argues for the relative merits of the one currently out of fashion. The approach currently dominant in the philosophical literature treats threats as essential to coercion, and understands coercion in terms of the way threats alter the costs and benefits of an agent’s actions; I call this the “pressure” approach. It has largely superseded the “enforcement approach,” which focuses on the powers and actions of the coercer rather than the perspective of the coercee. The enforcement approach identifies coercion with certain uses of the kinds of powers that agents need to accumulate and wield in order to be able to make significant, credible threats. Though there is considerable overlap extensionally in the instances of coercion recognized by the two approaches, the enforcement approach encompasses some uses of power to coerce that do not involve threats (in particular some direct uses of physical force). It also circumscribes which threats should be counted as coercive, though notably it provides a picture of coercion that is non-moralized in its essentials. While there may be specific purposes for which a pressure account is to be preferred, I argue that the enforcement approach better describes how coercion works, and elucidates factors that are often tacitly assumed by pressure accounts. It also is more useful for explaining the social and political significance of coercion, and why coercion is thought to have the implications commonly associated with it. In particular, I argue that it helps us understand why uses of coercion are in general a matter of ethical significance, why state authority depends on commanding a monopoly on the right to use coercion, and why being coerced may reasonably provide one a defense against being held responsible for actions one is coerced into taking.

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