An Analysis of Iceberg Theory in Hills like White Elephants by Hemingway

Iceberg Theory is Hemingway’s unique writing theory. It presents readers how the most succinct writing style can create the strongest interaction. The thesis condensed the abstract concept of Iceberg Theory into concrete elements such as dialogues, wordings, sentence structure, narration, and etc. In order to assist people to understand the abstract implications and expressiveness of the theory. The analysis of the Iceberg Theory is carried out based on the short story Hills like White Elephants.

KAJIAN SASTRA PERJALANAN DALAM HIKAYAT KISAH PELAYARAN ABDULLAH KE MEKAH KARYA ABDULLAH BIN ABDUL KADIR MUNSYI

This research is aimed to identify and to reveal a hikayat as classic travel literature of Indonesia by the travel writing theory of Carl Thompson. To gain those purposes, this research used literary criticism and descriptive-analytic methods. The object of this study is Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah by Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir Munsyi (1854), focusing on the six elements of travel writing by Carl Thompson’s approach based on the hikayat. This study shows that the hikayat contains six elements of travel writing. Those are self, other, movement, space, encounter, and writing. Abdullah as a sailor puts himself in his hikayat as the main character by using “sahaya” and “aku” to articulate “self” in his hikayat. The “self” during travel met new and foreign things that the author had never seen before. He drew and expressed his point of view, feeling, and observation of all the encounters that he had met during sailing in to hikayat.Keywords: Carl Thompson, hikayat, travel writing

Futures Honed

This chapter comprises an interview between Barbara Adam and the editors, and is followed by Adam’s ‘Honing Futures’, which is presented in four short verses of distilled theory. In the interview Adam reflects on thirty-five years of futures-thinking rooted in her deeply original work on time and temporality, and her innovative response to qualitative and linear definitions of time within the social sciences. The interview continues with a discussion of the way Adam’s thinking on futures intersects in her work with ideas of ethics and collective responsibility politics and concludes with a brief rationale for writing theory in verse form. In ‘Honing Futures’, a piece of futures theory verse form, Adam charts the movements and moments in considerations of the Not Yet and futurity’s active creation: from pluralized imaginings of the future, to an increasingly tangible and narrower anticipated future, to future-making as designing and reality-creating performance. Collectively, the verses identify the varied complex interdependencies of time, space, and matter with the past and future in all iterations of honing and making futures.

Bullying Pada Anak Usia Dini

Artikel ini saya buat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis saya. Sungguh, tidak sedikit diantara kita yang mereduksi arti menulis sekadar menorehkan pulpen pada kertas atau menekan tuts-tuts komputer sehingga tulisan muncul di layar monitor komputer. Tidak salah memang, tetapi menulis bukan hanya lakuan sedemikian [1]. Dalam kerangka Ersis Writing Theory (EWT), seseorang hanya bisa menuliskan apa yang ada di pikirannya atau apa yang telah ditulisnya di otak [2]. Tulisan atau cuitan orang tertentu di media sosial yang mengadu-domba atau memaki-maki. Kemampuan mengadudomba dan memaki-makinya semakin lama semakin bagus [3]. Pada zaman sekarang banyak sekali muncul kasus bullying atau merundung orang lain karena berbagai macam alasan. Tetapi, yang lebih banyak adalah karena merasa ingin dihormati atau orang yang terlalu gila hormat. Sebenarnya saling menghormati itu penting bagi sesama manusia, tetapi mungkin cara yang dilakukan salah dan ada beberapa alasan lainnya yang membuat seseorang membully orang lain. Bullying dapat terjadi di lingkungan sekolah, kerja, bahkan internet (Hamarus dan Kaikkonen, 2008; Einarsena, Hoelb, dan Notelaersa, 2009; Slonje dan Smith, 2008). Bullying yang terjadi di sekolah dapat terjadi antara kakak kelas-adik kelas, guru-murid, ataupun teman sebaya (Sejiwa, 2008; Hamarus dan Kaikkonen, 2008) [4]. Kata Kunci: bullying, usia dini, remaja, sosial media

Life Writing and American Studies

This forum seeks to outline a variety of research prospects at the intersection of American studies and life-writing studies. The common thread that interrelates the individual contributions is spun and twisted out of various filaments of life writing theory which productively dialogue with current trajectories in American studies. The contributors to this special forum highlight what they consider particularly significant developments of the interdisciplinary field of life-writing studies. Taken together, they raise issues about representations of the self in film, literature, and popular culture from the vantage points of transnational American studies, feminist studies, intermediality studies, oceanic studies, affect theory, critical race theory, and queer theory. The result is a rich, multi-layered conversation about the future of American studies within the interdisciplinary and decidedly transnational context of life-writing studies.

Vera Fyodorovna Ivanova (To the 100th Anniversary of the Birth)

An outstanding linguist V. F. Ivanova is represented in the article from different aspects – as a scientist, teacher, lecturer, the initiator of teaching manuals publication, a member of the editorial board of the journal «Russian Language at School». The article describes the life and creative activity of the scientist, the contribution of V. F. Ivanova’s works into the development of various branches of linguistics, with the writing theory, graphics and orthography coming first. A detailed analysis reveals the importance of V. F. Ivanova’s research materials for the development of the general writing theory and the theory of Russian orthography, their role in the study of the history and principles of Russian graphics and orthography and in the graphical systems of other languages of the peoples of Russia. The theory of writing presented in V. F. Ivanova’s works is compared in the article with the views of other scientists belonging to Petersburg phonological school. The author proves that the basic issues of the theory of writing, the notions of graphics and especially orthography presented in V. F. Ivanova’s works are of exceptional importance for the development of the Cyrillic writing systems of the peoples of Russia.

How report writing supports paramedic students' learning

Writing skills are critical as emergency medical services (EMS) use them to support patient care, yet limited research supports EMS writing practice and pedagogy. The field of writing studies and its sub-field of technical communication offers theories and methods to understand these skills. Grounded in writing theory, this article reports on a longitudinal study about paramedic documentation training and uses the framework of ‘threshold concepts’: ideas, knowledge, and skills writers gain that transform learning. This study collected paramedic students' writing over 2 years, and participants also completed interviews and focus groups. Grounded theory and textual analysis guided data analysis. Findings suggest that paramedic students pass through significant learning thresholds when they write during field training, including developing expertise, audience awareness, and reflection. In turn, writing provides an opportunity for paramedic students to learn critical skills. This article provides assignment ideas that training programmes can use to harness writing's transformative power.

Image of a Man: An Introduction

An introduction to Keith Vaughan, his life and visual work, his journal, and the unifying theme of the self-/image of a man as it relates to painting, journal-writing, masculinity and desire. This introduction asserts that Vaughan’s journal should be considered as a major literary work and as Vaughan’s chief creative project, detailing the process of researching the Vaughan archives and working with the journal manuscripts whilst drawing on life-writing theory to argue for employing the approach of close literary critical analysis. It reflects upon the challenges of following the threads of social, political, and aesthetic debate that make Vaughan’s journal such a rich and complex text. Crucially, this introduction establishes the book’s key argument that the writing of journals and diaries should be considered as a means of literary self-construction, a process key to the making and re-making of identity and subjectivity. This introduction closes by outlining the contents of this book’s chapters, which are organised to explore how Vaughan wrote himself into roles or positions that would add another necessary facet to his developing identity: the conscientious objector to war and war-going masculinity; the detached and perceptive observer; the self-aware and self-critical intellectual; and the striving, perpetually unsatisfied artist.

MELAWAN TEORI OTENTISITAS HADITS

In the scientific tradition, the study of Islam in the orientalisme is not stagnant, but has experienced development. This article focuses on the arguments of Nabia Abbot's argument and theory in refuting Goldziher's theory of the study of hadith. The author calls it a counter discourse. At least this article found three outlines of Nabia Abbot's rebuttal to Goldziher: (a) the theory of authenticity, Goldziher said the hadith was not an authentic report but a form of doctrinal reflection during the first two centuries after the prophet Muhammad. Abbot denies he views this view as wrong because it ignores historical evidence. For Abbot the hadith had appeared early in the century, as evidenced by the oral hadith of Muawwiyah (d. 60/680), Marwan (d. 65/684) and Abd Malik bin Marwan (d. 86/705). (b) Isnad's theory. Goldziher mentioned that the growth of the hadith in the third century Hijriyah was due to the history of history and the fabrication of the hadith. Nabia Abbott has argued with the argument that the number of hadiths is due to the growth of the hadith path in the geometric progression, not forgery. (c) Hadith Writing Theory, Goldziher said that the early hadith did not have a written reference, only oral, so the hadith in the form of thoughts could not be verified. Abbot denied, he said, that the beginning had been carried out in the narration and the modification of the hadith. Besides there are a number of books of hadith as in the text of Hammâm b. Munabbih (40-131 / 132 H).