Towards a Postcolonial, Anti-Racist, Anti-Militarist Feminist Mode of Weapons Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-168
Author(s):  
Anna Stavrianakis
Keyword(s):  
International Security ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship ◽  
Weapons Control ◽  
Postcolonial Politics

The last decade has seen some notable feminist successes in the regulation of the international arms trade, one of the ‘hardest’ areas of international security. Nonetheless, they have not been straightforward or clear-cut gains. Feminist critiques of militarism indicate the scale of the ongoing challenges around weapons control. Furthermore, feminist analysis has long had an ambivalent relationship with anti-racist and postcolonial politics. The argument of this chapter is that efforts to integrate gender into initiatives to regulate or abolish the arms trade are inadequate unless they also centre racial and postcolonial politics within and between states and unless they address more directly the question of when the use of force is justified. The chapter discusses the overlapping imperatives of postcolonial, anti-racist and anti-militarist politics for feminist modes of weapons control as a contribution to the next generation of WPS scholarship.

22. Humanitarian Intervention

2018 ◽  
pp. 334-349
Author(s):  
Alex J. Bellamy ◽  
Stephen McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Society ◽  
International Security ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Post Cold War

This chapter examines the implications of humanitarian intervention for international security. It considers the debate between those who argue that the protection of civilians from genocide and mass atrocities is far more important than the principle of non-intervention in certain circumstances and those who oppose this proposition. This has become a particular problem in the post-Cold War world where the commission of atrocities in places like Rwanda, Bosnia, and Darfur prompted calls for international society to step in to protect the victims with military force if necessary. Humanitarian intervention causes problems for international security by potentially weakening the rules governing the use of force in world politics. The chapter first considers the case against humanitarian intervention before discussing the principle known as ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P).

scholarly journals Operações de Paz: novos mandatos e suas implicações para os países contribuintes com tropas * Peace operations: new mandates and their implications for troops contributing countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
SÉRGIO LUIZ CRUZ AGUILAR
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
International Security ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Military

<p><strong>Resumo: </strong>O artigo apresenta as alterações nas operações de paz contemporâneas conduzidas pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e suas implicações para o Brasil. Baseada em bibliografia sobre o assunto e documentos das Nações Unidas o texto apresenta o apoio conceitual e jurídico para a implementação dessas operações e descreve a evolução dos mandatos e do uso da força pelo componente militar. Com base nas alterações recentes, o texto discorre sobre tendências na aprovação e condução das operações e suas implicações para os países contribuintes com tropa. </p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Operações de Paz; Nações Unidas; Segurança Internacional.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The article presents the changes in contemporary peacekeeping operations conducted by the United Nations (UN) in a historical perspective and its implications for the troops contributing countries. Based on literature of the subject and UN documents the text presents the conceptual and legal support for the implementation of these operations and describes the evolution of mandates and the use of force by the military component. Based on recent changes, we discuss trends in the approval and conduct of operations and their implications for the troops contributing countries.<strong></strong></p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Peace Operations; United Nations; International Security.

1 Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boothby William H
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
The Law

This relatively brief chapter introduces the book as a whole. It positions weapons law within the framework of international law in general, and of the law of armed conflict in particular, noting the important distinctions between international and non-international armed conflicts, and between the law on the resort to the use of force and that which regulates the conduct of hostilities. The logical flow of the book is presented, and certain terms that are vital to the ensuing discussion, namely weapons, means of warfare and methods of warfare are explained. The all-important distinction between weapons law and the legal rules that regulate targeting is noted. A concluding section addresses the recently-adopted Arms Trade Treaty.

Normative Transformation and the War on Terrorism

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Frankel Pratt
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Security ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
International Relations Theory ◽  
Relational Sociology ◽  
War On Terrorism ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Norm Change

Pratt investigates the potential erosion of prohibiting assassination, torture, and mercenarism during the US's War on Terrorism. In examining the emergence and history of the US's targeted killing programme, detention and interrogation programme, and employment of armed contractors in warzones, he proposes that a 'normative transformation' has occurred, which has changed the meaning and content of these prohibitions, even though they still exist. Drawing on pragmatist philosophy, practice theory, and relational sociology, this book develops a new theory of normativity and institutional change, and offers new data about the decisions and activities of security practitioners. It is both a critical and constructive addition to the current literature on norm change, and addresses enduring debates about the role of culture and ethical judgement in the use of force. It will appeal to students and scholars of foreign and defence policy, international relations theory, international security, social theory, and American politics.

scholarly journals UVELJAVLJANJE ZASEBNIH VOJAŠKIH DRUŽB SKOZI PRIZMO GLOBALIZIRANE VARNOSTI

2015 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
GREGOR GARB
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
International Security ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legitimate Authority ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Basic Tenet ◽  
Private Military Companies ◽  
State Monopoly

Zagotavljanje varnosti je v sodobnem svetu preraslo v proces institucionalizacije mednarodne varnosti, pri čemer se največji vpliv globalizacijskih procesov na področju varnosti kaže v spreminjajočih se pogojih zagotavljanja državnega monopola pri legitimni uporabi sile. Ti spremenjeni pogoji se nanašajo predvsem na zmanjševanje sposobnosti trenutnih političnih procesov za učinkovito reševanje političnih izzivov, kar pomembno vpliva na legitimnost politične oblasti. Drugi vidik pa je porast mednarodnih institucij in organizacij, na katere država prenaša del svojih pristojnosti in nalog, iz česar sledi zmanjšanje zmožnosti države, da ohranja in uveljavlja svoje legitimne pristojnosti nad uporabo sile. Da so vplivi procesov globalizacije in spreminjajočih se družbenih razmerij zelo prepleteni in ne poznajo meja, dokazuje tudi pojav zasebnih vojaških družb, ki se vse bolj uveljavljajo v različnih dimenzijah zagotavljanja globalizirane varnosti. Mednarodna pravnonormativna umestitev njihovega delovanja je temeljno vodilo članka. The provision of security in the modern world has grown into a process of institutionalization of international security, with the largest impact of security globalization processes reflecting in the varying conditions of the provision of state monopoly in the legitimate use of force. These changed conditions relating in particular to the reduction of the ability of current political processes to effectively address the political challenges which significantly affect the legitimacy of political power. Another aspect is the increase of international institutions and organizations to which the state transfers a part of its powers and functions, which results in a reduction of the state's ability to maintain and assert its legitimate authority over the use of force. The impacts of globalization processes and changing societal relationships are very intertwined and know no borders, which is proven by the emergence of private military companies gaining ground in various dimensions of providing globalized security. The International judiciary and regulatory placement of their operation is thus the basic tenet of the article.

scholarly journals Arms trade as a global international problem

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaklina Spalevic ◽  
Zeljko Bjelajac ◽  
Dusko Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
International Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

The aim of this paper is to highlight the great social danger resulting from uncontrolled trade in arms and military equipment. A large number of terrorist attacks in the world show that uncontrolled arms trade is a growing problem for international security. In order to provide the same protection, the problem of uncontrolled arms and military equipment, which is the major international business, should be viewed from several aspects. To this end, after defining weapons, their production and trade, the authors have presented one of the ways the leading companies in the military-industrial complex provide themselves a market for sale of arms and military equipment, thus creating the conditions that contribute to expanding of their military companies. As the world?s largest exporters of arms and military equipment the United States, Russia and China give a short historical account of their arms trafficking. Then, considering the fact that the amount of weapons would unlikely diminish, the authors have pointed out that states should find a way to control the movement of weapons in the world preventing terrorist to take hold of them.

22. Humanitarian Intervention

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Bellamy
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Society ◽  
International Security ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Post Cold War

This chapter examines the implications of humanitarian intervention for international security. It considers the debate between those who argue that the protection of civilians from genocide and mass atrocities is far more important than the principle of non-intervention in certain circumstances and those who oppose this proposition. This has become a particular problem in the post-Cold War world where the commission of atrocities in places like Rwanda, Bosnia, and Darfur prompted calls for international society to step in to protect the victims with military force if necessary. Humanitarian intervention causes problems for international security by potentially weakening the rules governing the use of force in world politics. The chapter first considers the case against humanitarian intervention before discussing the principle known as ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P).

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