The "Salesmanship of Sacrifice": The Advertising Industry's Use of Public Relations During the Second World War

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger L. Stole
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Second World

Breaking the Taboo: Architects and Advertising in Depression and War

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Shanken
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Relations Campaign ◽  
American Institute Of Architects ◽  
Second World

Breaking the Taboo: Architects and Advertising in Depression and War chronicles the fall of a professional interdiction in architecture, precipitated by the Second World War. For much of the history of their profession in the United States, architects——unlike builders and engineers, their main competition——faced censure from the American Institute of Architects if they advertised their services. Architects established models of professional behavior intended to hold them apart from the commercial realm. Andrew M. Shanken explores how the Great Depression and the Second World War strained this outdated model of practice, placing architects within consumer culture in more conspicuous ways, redefining the architect's role in society and making public relations an essential part of presenting the profession to the public. Only with the unification of the AIA after the war would architects conduct a modern public relations campaign, but the taboo had begun to erode in the 1930s and early 1940s, setting the stage for the emergence of the modern profession.

The Conflict Within: Sir Stephen Tallents and Planning Propaganda Overseas Before the Second World War

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Robert Cole
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Second World War ◽  
British Broadcasting Corporation ◽  
World War ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Government ◽  
Firing Line ◽  
Second World

Propaganda overseas was vital to Britain in the Second World War. She could not easily confront her enemies alone and survive, much less win. It was imperative to keep her allies united, her empire and the commonwealth loyal, and neutrals benevolent—or perhaps, even, to get them committed to her side. These were the objectives of British propaganda overseas in war time. Despite foreign-office objections, the Committee of Imperial Defense (CID) in the mid-1930s gave responsibility for this work to the Ministry of Information (MOI), which was to be established on the outbreak of war. Meanwhile, ministry machinery had to be planned, and the policies which would govern its work had to be determined. These responsibilities were given in 1936 to Sir Stephen Tallents, public relations controller for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Britain's leading expert on advertising publicity. Yet, neither the machinery nor a policy was ready when the war began in September 1939. The ministry and the country, as Phillip M. Taylor has indicated, was inarticulate, if not quite speechless, at the start of the “war of words.” Britain was able only to conduct propaganda to enemy countries, because plans for that work earlier had been removed from MOI control.Conflicts in the planning process created this situation in which two factors stand out. MOI planners were hampered at the start by departmental and personal feuding, which was permitted because no war emergency existed, and, after 1937, by the adherents of appeasement policy who dominated Whitehall. Stephen Tallents stood on the firing line most visibly as the government, led by an economy-minded treasury, discouraged planning any propaganda machinery for war time which might even hint at serious propaganda deployment in peace time.

scholarly journals FALSIFICATION OF THE HISTORY AND RESULTS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN SOME COUNTRIES’ LEGISLATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (3) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
О. А. Mironova ◽  
A. E. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uniform Policy ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Second World

The relevance of the problem is that at the present stage of development of public relations between Western countries and Russia, attempts are being made to revise the history of the Second world war and such attempts are becoming more distinct over time. The paper proposes to consider the reasons for such actions and analyze the legal acts that are adopted by countries in some countries in the direction of reviewing the prerequisites, causes and results of the great Patriotic War. The methods used in this work are comparative descriptions of normative legal acts aimed at prohibiting Communist symbols and placing them on a par with Nazi symbols. It is also proposed to understand the reasons for the preparation and publication of such acts on the territory of some countries, using the example of the Baltic States and Ukraine. In the final part of the work, we can draw a conclusion about the similarity of legal acts adopted by these States, their uniform policy in the framework of consideration of historical and legal assessments of the Second world war. The results of the work are recommendations that are proposed to be considered and discussed on these proposals, which are aimed at popularizing Patriotic tourism, preserving historical justice and preventing the reformatting of the prerequisites, causes and results of the great Patriotic War. The value of the work is to collect information from official sources, to structure it and to be able to use it in practice. This work allows us to give our own assessment of the formation of rule-making in some post-Soviet countries in the field of discussing the history of the Second world war. The paper provides recommendations for preserving historical memory and achieving the principles of openness and fairness in the interpretation of the results of the Second world war.

‘What is Past is Prologue’: Hollywood’s History of the OSS and the Establishment of the CIA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Willmetts
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
World War ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Public Relations Campaign ◽  
Second World

At the end of the Second World War, the OSS were swiftly disbanded. In response, OSS chief William “Wild Bill” Donovan launched a massive public relations campaign to celebrate the wartime activities of his agency and to advocate for the establishment of a permanent central intelligence agency. Hollywood, perhaps unsurprisingly given the extensive links between American filmmakers and the OSS, played an important part in mythologizing the OSS in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War and in so doing helped make the case for the creation of the CIA.

British Military Information Management Techniques and the South Asian Soldier: Eastern India during the Second World War

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
World War ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
British Military ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
The Many ◽  
Second World

This article examines the dissemination of military propaganda and the operation of censorship structures within the Indian Army ‘units’—a term used in historically contemporary documentary sources to denote regiments, divisions or battalions—serving in the eastern provinces of the subcontinent during the Second World War. Instead of presenting propaganda as merely being misleading information, this work operates with Philip Taylor's interpretation of it being a combination of ‘facts, fiction, argument or suggestion’, and concentrates instead on unravelling its form and the intent behind its deployment. Moreover, the often artificial distinction between ‘propaganda’ and ‘counter-propaganda’ is avoided, since the many wartime British public relations projects in South Asia that were aimed at contradicting particular enemy claims were very frequently represented as having other concerns. Particular attention is devoted to describing the military's attitudes towards policies of propaganda and information between 1942 and 1945, as these years saw Eastern India, defined in wartime official documents as being comprised of Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, the eastern districts of the United Provinces and the sparsely populated frontier areas bordering Burma, develop into an important base of operations against the Japanese armies located in Southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Prospects of modernization of the institute of citizenship in modern constitutional law

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Dmytro Tysiachnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Global Constitutionalism ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Legislative Support ◽  
Second World

The problematic issues of the functioning of the institution of citizenship in the modern conditions of formation and development of global constitutionalism are studied. Ways to modernize the constitutional and legal institution of citizenship are proposed. The need for comprehensive improvement of the constitutional and legal regulation of citizenship issues is emphasized. It is noted that the modern content and nature of the institution of citizenship, which was formed under the influence of international legal standards after the Second World War, in the late twentieth and early twentieth century under the influence of globalization and interstate integration processes have undergone some changes. After all, the content of the constitutional and legal category of citizenship has acquired features and functional properties that go beyond traditional intoxication. First of all, citizenship ceases to be perceived as an exclusive link with one state in its mutual rights and responsibilities, and also ceased to be monopolized with the category of sovereignty of a particular state. Given the objective and established trends in the formation and development of the institution of citizenship change, there is a need for scientific understanding of the accumulated theoretical and methodological knowledge about these phenomena, as well as real experience of legislative constitutional and legal regulation of the organization and activities of state bodies. strengths and weaknesses of regulations governing public relations in the field of citizenship, the adoption of effective regulatory technologies, approaches and methods of legislative support, as well as the application of comparative approaches to the analysis of legislation in the field of citizenship, which will identify, specify and eliminate gaps legislation, outline practical conceptual areas for its improvement.

Environment, Energy, Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-95
Author(s):  
Melissa Aronczyk ◽  
Maria I. Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Industrial Hygiene ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Science Funding ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Second World ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Corporate Clients

Chapter 3, Environment, Energy, Economy, opens as industrial PR practitioners in the 1950s and 1960s confront a new rival: environmental pollution and its discontents. Prior to the Second World War, industry was the leading source of information on air pollution among other problems of “industrial hygiene.” In the postwar era, with new federal science funding, changing norms of media representation, and rising legal battles for companies, alternative voices emerged around environmental issues. Amid the transformation of the nature of evidence in scientific research and a growing public anxiety over depletion of the commons, public relations counsel sought to balance the scales in their corporate clients’ favor. They would find this balance in the notion of energy as its own scarce resource in need of protection. The chapter reviews the expansion of public relations networks and the adoption of environmentalism as a force to be strategically managed.

scholarly journals Buildings from the Socialist Past as part of a City’s Brand Identity: The case of Warsaw

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (39) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ochkovskaya ◽  
Valentina Gerasimenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Brand Identity ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Visual Identity ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Second World

Abstract The aim of this paper is to investigate those buildings left over from Warsaw’s socialist past as a part of the city’s brand visual identity including their perception by foreign tourists and local citizens. Although Lisiak (2009) examined the destruction, removal and presence of these remnants from the socialist past in Central European cities, a comparative study of the perception of these architectural sites erected in Warsaw during socialist times has not been carried out specifically so far. To fill the gap, the authors concentrated research efforts on the following buildings: Palace of Culture and Science; the SMYK Store at Bracka 15/19; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development at Wspólna 30; Office Building and Atrium at Wspólna 62; and the former headquarters of the Polish Communist Party at Nowy Świat 6/12. These buildings were built after the Second World War between the late 1940s and the first half of the 1950s. With the exception of the Palace of Culture and Science - which is one of the most notable symbols of Warsaw - these architectural sites are not on a priority list of the average tourist who does little or no planning for their trip. Nevertheless, these buildings are connected to the Polish People’s Republic era and might attract different groups interested in this historical period and architecture. Apart from being potential tourist attractions, these buildings are being re-evaluated and restored to become integrated into the urban environment and more ‘comfortable’ for the local inhabitants. This paper gives some insights into the recognition and attractiveness of these architectural sites from the socialist past by those from Russia and the USA who have visited Warsaw as well as by Poles who know this city well. It is recommended that these results be taken into consideration by tourist agencies who deal with tours in Warsaw as well as institutions responsible for the city’s image. The authors express the hope that this paper might be of interest for officials with public relations duties related to these architectural sites.

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