scholarly journals Ultrastructural Changes of the Tracheal Epithelium after Vaccination of Day-Old Chickens with the La Sota Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mast ◽  
C. Nanbru ◽  
T. van den Berg ◽  
G. Meulemans
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
And Function

The progression of tracheal lesions induced by vaccination of day-old specific pathogen-free chicks with the La Sota strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was examined by relating surface changes as observed by scanning electron microscopy with subcellular changes seen by transmission electron microscopy. NDV infection resulted in hypertrophy of goblet cells, their rupture, and the formation of excess mucus. Activation of goblet cells peaked within 4 days postvaccination. Afterward, the activation levels gradually decreased. At the level of the ciliated cells, a marked increase in the proportion of nonciliated to ciliated cells and later an almost complete deciliation of the tracheal surface were observed because a simple squamous to cuboidal epithelium replaced the original pseudostratified epithelium. Fifteen days postvaccination, all epithelial damage was restored. Because the observed vaccination-induced lesions are detrimental to epithelial integrity and function as a barrier against invading microorganisms, they might explain at the ultrastructural level the secondary complications of vaccination with the La Sota strain against NDV

scholarly journals Molecular characterisation of Newcastle disease virus exotic isolate in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
N. P. Kusumarahayu ◽  
N. Putri ◽  
R. Ernawati ◽  
J. Rahmahani ◽  
S. Suwarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Basic Work ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Native Chickens

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is ssRNA paramyxovirus causing clinical signs, varying from subclinical infections to 100% mortality in infected chickens. Haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein has an important role related to infection and pathogenesis, therefore, the protein was characterised in this study. Samples were collected from 45 cloacal swabs of native chickens. They were isolated by inoculating in specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs. Molecular detection of NDV was done by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) encoding HN protein. RT-PCR for HN gene of NDV generated DNA fragments sized 503 bp, which were then sequenced using ABI Prism. The results have shown that virus isolates were mostly lentogenic and might contribute to outbreak in East Java, Indonesia. Based on this fact, NDV infected native chickens can act as reservoir and contribute to outbreak in the poultry. Our study provides baseline information on genetic characteristics of NDV circulating in East Java and serves as a basic work for further research.

scholarly journals Generation of recombinant lentogenic Newcastle disease virus from cDNA

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2987-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Römer-Oberdörfer ◽  
Egbert Mundt ◽  
Teshome Mebatsion ◽  
Ursula J. Buchholz ◽  
Thomas C. Mettenleiter
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
T7 Rna Polymerase ◽  
Wild Type Virus ◽  
Progeny Virus ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Recombinant lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of the vaccine strain Clone-30 was reproducibly generated after simultaneous expression of antigenome-sense NDV RNA and NDV nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from plasmids transfected into cells stably expressing T7 RNA polymerase. For this purpose, the genome of Clone-30, comprising 15186 nt, was cloned and sequenced prior to assembly into a full-length cDNA clone under control of a T7 RNA polymerase promoter. Recombinant virus was amplified by inoculation of transfection supernatant into the allantoic cavity of embryonated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken eggs. Two marker restriction sites comprising a total of five nucleotide changes artificially introduced into noncoding regions were present in the progeny virus. The recombinant NDV was indistinguishable from the parental wild-type virus with respect to its growth characteristics in cell culture and in embryonated eggs. Moreover, an intracerebral pathogenicity index of 0·29 was obtained for both viruses as determined by intracerebral inoculation of day-old SPF chickens, proving that the recombinant NDV is a faithful copy of the parental vaccine strain of NDV.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a genotype 2 Newcastle disease vaccine (Avinew®) against challenge with highly virulent genotypes 5d and 3d

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Bwala ◽  
C. Abolnik ◽  
A. Van Wyk ◽  
E. Cornelius ◽  
S.P.R. Bisschop
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

Since 2002, following its introduction, the lineage 5d Newcastle disease virus (so-called Goose paramyxovirus -GPMV) strain has caused numerous disease outbreaks among commercial and backyard poultry in South Africa, raising questions about the ability of commercially available Newcastle disease vaccines to fully protect poultry against the strain. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in the level of protection offered by Avinew® Newcastle disease vaccine against GPMV virus as compared with a 3d Newcastle disease virus isolated in South Africa in 1993 (Rainbow challenge virus - RCV) strain. Six groups of 10-day-old, specific pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with doses of 103.0, 104.5 and 106.0 EID50 of Avinew® vaccine and challenged at 4 weeks of age intramuscularly at a dose of 105.3EID50/ 0.2 mℓ/bird of GPMV and RCV. No statistically significant difference could be found in the protection offered by Avinew® vaccine against GPMV as compared to RCV challenge. The protection offered against the ND challenge was found to be dose dependent. At the recommended field dose of 106.0 EID50 the vaccine gave 100 % protection from mortality against both the challenge viruses, but not against infection and replication of the viruses, as gross lesions were evident even in apparently healthy birds that survived the challenge. The protective dose (PD90) of the Avinew® vaccine against GPMV challenge was calculated at 104.38 and against that of RCV at 104.43.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Renal Lesions in Chickens After Experimental Infection With 9a5b Newcastle Disease Virus Mutant Isolate

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El-Bahrawy ◽  
A. Zaid ◽  
Y. Sunden ◽  
M. Sakurai ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Avian Nephritis Virus ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Virus Mutant

In this study, we investigated the pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the chicken kidney. Twenty-six 32-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were intranasally inoculated with the 9a5b NDV mutant isolate. Kidney tissue samples, collected at 6 and 12 hours postinoculation (hpi) and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 days postinoculation (dpi), were analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and virus titration. Histopathologically, tubulointerstitial nephritis was detected in the renal cortex and predominantly in the medulla. Nephrotropism of 9a5b NDV was confirmed by IHC, RT-PCR, and virus isolation. Massive degenerative changes and infiltration of CD3-immunopositive cells accompanied replication of the 9a5b NDV isolate in chicken kidneys. In conclusion, pathological changes that were caused by NDV in chicken kidneys were similar to those caused by avian influenza virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and avian nephritis virus, and this highlights the importance of including NDV in the differential diagnosis of kidney disease in chickens.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and Safety of La Sota Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus Administered to Newly Hatched Chicks by Nebulization

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Mazija ◽  
Stanislav Čajavec ◽  
Estella Prukner-Radovčić ◽  
Neda Ergotić ◽  
Irena Ciglar-Grozdanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Backyard Flocks ◽  
The Given ◽  
Commercial Chickens

The objective of four trials performed on specific-pathogen-free and commercial chickens, either of light or heavy hybrids, was to evaluate the new vaccine delivery method to newly hatched chickens using commercial La Sota vaccine. The vaccine was given by means of nebulization using an ultrasonic device producing homologous aerosol of particles ranging 3–5 microns in diameter. Chickens were exposed to the La Sota vaccine for 30, 60 or 300 s in a closed chamber of the device, thus enabling constant particle size during vaccination. No adverse reaction to the given vaccine was recorded, and the immunity, developed no later than 7 days after vaccination, lasted for at least 49 days which was confirmed by challenge infection using Herts 33 strain of Newcastle disease virus. Maternal antibodies did not influence the development of immunity. Regarding the mode of vaccination, the described method is suitable for the control of Newcastle disease in both big poultry enterprises as well as small backyard flocks when newly hatched chickens are supplied from local hatcheries.

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