Testicular Interstitial Cell Tumor and Gynecomastia in a Rabbit

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Maratea ◽  
J. A. Ramos-Vara ◽  
L. A. Corriveau ◽  
M. A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Granular Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Strong Nuclear Staining ◽  
Uniform Population

Unilateral testicular interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor and gynecomastia were diagnosed in an adult male rabbit. The interstitial cell tumor was a well-circumscribed, 2-mm diameter, pale tan nodule composed of a uniform population of polygonal cells. Neoplastic interstitial cells exhibited diffuse, granular cytoplasmic staining with Melan A, a marker of steroid-producing cells in humans and dogs. Multiple subcutaneous masses in the caudal abdomen were associated with enlarged nipples and consisted of hyperplastic mammary gland tissue with proliferation of ducts and alveoli, marked lobule formation, and pseudolactational hyperplasia. Many epithelial cells lining the hyperplastic ducts and alveoli exhibited intense nuclear expression of progesterone receptor antigen, whereas myoepithelial cells showed strong nuclear staining for p63 antigen. This is the first report of concurrent interstitial cell tumor and gynecomastia in a rabbit and also the first description of gynecomastia in this species.

PD-L1 Expression in Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Versus. Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S67-S67
Author(s):  
A Monsrud ◽  
V Avadhani ◽  
M Mosunjac ◽  
U Krishnamurti
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Granular Cytoplasmic Staining

Abstract Introduction/Objective Upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immunoregulatory protein is associated with adverse outcome in several malignancies. Very few studies have evaluated PD-L1 expression in anal lesions. In this study we compare PD-L1 expression in anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL/AIN) with that in invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) Methods After IRB approval, formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections from 84 patients (51 with ISCC and 32 without ISCC), from 2010–2018, were immunostained for PD-L1 (Dako 22C3 monoclonal antibody). These included 15 cases with normal mucosa, 60 cases with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL/AIN 1), 52 cases with high grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL/AIN2-3), and 51 cases of ISCC. Overall tumor proportion score of > 1% tumor cells with partial or complete membrane staining was interpreted as PD-L1 positive (PD-L1 +). Results PD-L1 was positive in 18/51 (35%) and negative in 33/51 (65%) cases of ISCC. Staining was heterogenous in all PD-L1 positive cases, with invasive foci that were negative to 100% positive. Tumor proportion score ranged from 1% to 50%. No PD-L1 membrane positivity was seen in any of the normal mucosa, LSIL/AIN 1, and HSIL/AIN 2-3. Even in cases of microinvasive or invasive carcinoma, PD-L1 positivity was seen only in the invading malignant cells and not in the overlying or adjacent HSIL. One case showed aberrant nuclear staining in 10% of cells in LSIL and HSIL. About 25% of cases showed non-specific basal granular cytoplasmic staining in normal mucosa, LSIL, and HSIL, that correlated with the presence of melanin. Cases with normal mucosa, LSIL/AIN 1, and HSIL/AIN 2-3, were equally distributed between cases with no invasive carcinoma, PD-L1 positive ISCC, and PD-L1 negative ISCC. Conclusion No PD-L1 positivity (membrane staining) was present in normal mucosa or anal squamous intraepithelial lesion/anal intraepithelial neoplasia in our study. Any nuclear staining or granular cytoplasmic staining should not be interpreted as PD-L1 positivity. PD-L1 was only positive in a subset (35%) of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of PD-L1 is likely to be associated with an invasive malignant process and is a potential target for therapy with PD-L1 inhibitors.

scholarly journals Physiological roles of connexins in labour and lactation

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. R129-R136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M Kidder ◽  
Elke Winterhager
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Contraction Wave

The connexin family of proteins are best known as oligomerizing to form intercellular membrane channels (gap junctions) that metabolically and ionically couple cells to allow for coordinated cellular function. Nowhere in the body is this role better illustrated than in the uterine smooth muscle during parturition, where gap junctions conduct the contraction wave throughout the tissue to deliver the baby. Parturition is followed by the onset of lactation with connexins contributing to both the dramatic reorganization of mammary gland tissue leading up to lactation and the smooth muscle contraction of the myoepithelial cells which extrudes the milk. This review summarizes what is known about the expression and roles of individual connexin family members in the uterus during labour and in the mammary glands during development and lactation. Connexin loss or malfunction in mammary glands and the uterus can have serious implications for the health of both the mother and the newborn baby.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Nuclear Versus Cytoplasmic Staining of WT1 in Malignant Mesotheliomas and Primary Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (10) ◽  
pp. 1316-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Foster ◽  
Joyce E. Johnson ◽  
Sandy J. Olson ◽  
D. Craig Allred
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Microscopic Findings ◽  
Strong Nuclear Staining

Abstract Context.—Previous studies have indicated certain immunohistochemical markers, including WT1, may be helpful in distinguishing adenocarcinomas from mesotheliomas, but to date there are no reliable, widely accepted, commercially available antibodies positive in mesotheliomas and negative in adenocarcinomas. We compared the nuclear and cytoplasmic staining patterns of WT1 in these 2 malignancies using a commercially available antibody and examined the expression of 2 other previously reported positive markers, calretinin and thrombomodulin. Methods.—Sixty-seven mesotheliomas and 51 adenocarcinomas, all paraffin embedded, were retrieved from recent case files. The diagnosis of mesothelioma was based on typical clinical and morphologic features, as well as immunohistochemistry; electron microscopy had been performed on 16 cases. The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was based on typical light microscopic findings and a positive stain for mucin. Commercially available antibodies to WT1, thrombomodulin, and calretinin were applied. Because of the conflict surrounding calretinin, 2 anticalretinin antibodies (from Chemicon Inc and Zymed Laboratories) were utilized. Results.—Fifty of 67 mesotheliomas showed strong nuclear staining with WT1. No adenocarcinomas (0/51) showed nuclear staining. Twenty-three of 67 mesotheliomas were positive for thrombomodulin, and 35 of 67 mesotheliomas were positive for calretinin with the Chemicon antibody. Nine of 15 mesotheliomas were positive for calretinin with the Zymed antibody. Conclusions.—Thrombomodulin and calretinin did not prove useful in discriminating between mesotheliomas and adenocarcinomas. The degree of positivity with calretinin may be dependent on the specific antibody utilized. Nuclear staining for WT1 is highly specific for mesothelioma and, in the appropriate clinical setting, can be a helpful adjunct in the distinction between adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas.

PROTEOME OF MILK FAT GLOBULE MEMBRANE AND MAMMARY GLAND TISSUE IN GOAT FED DIFFERENT LIPID SUPPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 106378
Author(s):  
Iolly Tábata Oliveira Marques ◽  
Fábio Roger Vasconcelos ◽  
Juliana Paula Martins Alves ◽  
Assis Rubens Montenegro ◽  
César Carneiro Linhares Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Fat Globule Membrane ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Lipid Supplementation ◽  
Fat Globule

Precocious Puberty in a Case of Bilateral Interstitial Cell Tumor of the Testes

1953 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Staubitz ◽  
Oscar J. Oberkircher ◽  
Michael S. Blick
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor

Spectral Characterization of Fluorescently Labeled Catechol Estrogen 3,4-Quinone-Derived N7 Guanine Adducts and Their Identification in Rat Mammary Gland Tissue

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1339-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Jankowiak ◽  
Dan Zamzow ◽  
Douglas E. Stack ◽  
Rosa Todorovic ◽  
Ercole L. Cavalieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Spectral Characterization ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Guanine Adducts ◽  
Catechol Estrogen ◽  
Rat Mammary Gland

scholarly journals WT1 and Cyclin D1 Immunohistochemistry: A Useful Adjunct for Diagnosis of Pediatric Small Round Blue Cell Tumors on Small Biopsies

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2254
Author(s):  
Lucia Salvatorelli ◽  
Rosalba Parenti ◽  
Giuseppe Broggi ◽  
Giada Maria Vecchio ◽  
Giuseppe Angelico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Blue Cell ◽  
Over Time

Pediatric small round blue cell tumors (SRBCTs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with overlapping morphological appearance. Accordingly, their diagnosis is one of the most difficult in the field of surgical pathology. The most common tumors include rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, neuroblastoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma and Wilms’ tumor (the blastemal component). Over time their diagnosis has become more difficult due to the increasing use of small biopsies. However, the advent of immunohistochemistry has improved the quality of diagnosis in most cases by the application of an adequate panel of immunomarkers. Recently, WT1 and Cyclin D1 have been shown to be useful in the differential diagnosis of SRBCTs on surgically-resected specimens, showing a diffuse cytoplasmic positivity of the former in all RMSs and a diffuse nuclear staining of the latter in both EWS and NB. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of WT1 and Cyclin D1 on small biopsies from a series of 105 pediatric SRBCTs to evaluate their diagnostic utility. Both immunomarkers were differentially expressed, with a diffuse and strong cytoplasmic staining for WT1 limited to all cases of RMS, and a diffuse nuclear staining for cyclin D1 restricted to all cases of EWS and NB. Notably, the expression of WT1 and cyclin D1 was also retained in those cases in which the conventional tumor markers (myogenin, desmin and MyoD1 for RMS; CD99 for EWS; NB84 for NB) were focally expressed or more rarely absent. The present study shows that WT1 and Cyclin D1 are helpful immunomarkers exploitable in the differential diagnosis of pediatric SRBCTs on small biopsies, suggesting their applicability in routine practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document