Control of urinary risk factors of stone formation by Salvadora persica in experimental hyperoxaluria

Despite the importance of dietary management of cystinuria, data on the contribution of diet to urinary risk factors for cystine stone formation are limited. Studies on the physiological effects of diet on urinary cystine and cysteine excretion are lacking. Accordingly, 10 healthy men received three standardized diets for a period of five days each and collected daily 24 h urine. The Western-type diet (WD; 95 g/day protein) corresponded to usual dietary habits, whereas the mixed diet (MD; 65 g/day protein) and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD; 65 g/day protein) were calculated according to dietary reference intakes. With intake of the VD, urinary cystine and cysteine excretion decreased by 22 and 15%, respectively, compared to the WD, although the differences were not statistically significant. Urine pH was significantly highest on the VD. Regression analysis showed that urinary phosphate was significantly associated with cystine excretion, while urinary sulfate was a predictor of cysteine excretion. Neither urinary cystine nor cysteine excretion was affected by dietary sodium intake. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet is particularly suitable for the dietary treatment of cystinuria, since the additional alkali load may reduce the amount of required alkalizing agents.

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The Effect of “High Fibre Biscuits” on Urinary Risk Factors for Stone Formation

Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-7272-1_90 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 425-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. N. Rao ◽

I. L. Jenkins ◽

W. G. Robertson ◽

M. Peacock ◽

N. J. Blacklock

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Stone Formation ◽

High Fibre

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Risk Factors for Gallbladder Stone Formation after Gastric Cancer Surgery

Journal of Gastric Cancer ◽

10.5230/jgc.2019.19.e37 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

Young-Won Lee ◽

Amy Kim ◽

Minkyu Han ◽

Moon-Won Yoo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gastric Cancer ◽

Stone Formation ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Gallbladder Stone ◽

Gastric Cancer Surgery

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Cross-talk between renal lithogenesis and atherosclerosis: an unveiled link between kidney stone formation and cardiovascular diseases

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20171574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (6) ◽

pp. 615-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Asokan Devarajan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Kidney Stone ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Stone Formation ◽

Crystal Nucleation ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Kidney Stone Formation

The prevalence of kidney stones and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing throughout the world. Both diseases are chronic and characterized by accumulation of oxidized proteins and lipids in the renal tissue and arterial wall, respectively. Emerging studies have revealed a positive association between nephrolithiasis and CVDs. Based on preclinical and clinical evidences, this review discusses: (i) stone forming risk factors, crystal nucleation, aggregation, injury-induced crystal retention, and stone formation, (ii) CVD risk factors such as dyslipidemia, perturbation of gut microbiome, obesity, free radical-induced lipoprotein oxidation, and retention in the arterial wall, subsequent foam cell formation, and atherosclerosis, (iii) mechanism by which stone forming risk factors such as oxalate, calcium, uric acid, and infection contribute toward CVDs, and (iv) how CVD risk factors, such as cholesterol, phospholipids, and uric acid, contribute to kidney stone formation are described.

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Epidemiological Risk Factors in Calcium Stone-Formation

Fortschritte der Urologie und Nephrologie - Pathogenese und Klinik der Harnsteine VII ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-72343-8_21 ◽

1979 ◽

pp. 105-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

W. G. Robertson ◽

M. Peacock ◽

P. J. Heyburn

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Stone Formation ◽

Calcium Stone ◽

Epidemiological Risk

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METABOLIC EVALUATION OF CHILDREN WITH UROLITHIASIS TO STUDY RISK FACTORS: A 1 YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

10.36106/ijsr/7121392 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-30

Author(s):

Harshawardhan V Tanwar ◽

Uttam Wadavkar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Water Intake ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Stone Formation ◽

Urine Volume ◽

Indian Children ◽

Blood Calcium ◽

Western Literature ◽

Low Calcium

Introduction: Metabolic abnormalities are common cause of urolithiasis in pediatric age group. Children with urolithiasis are associated with considerable morbidity. By treating these abnormalities stone formation is prevented. Objectives: Prospective study to nd the metabolic risk factors of urolithiasis in children and compare them with literature. Materials and Methods: In open, prospective and observational study, 85 children were evaluated from August 2019 to June 2020. In all patients' dietary history, water intake and results of laboratory ndings were recorded. All urine samples obtained from patients were without dietary restrictions. Reference pediatric 24 hour urinary parameter was used according to western literature. Results: We investigated 85 patients with urolithiasis. Low urine volume was found in 52 patients which is comparable with previous studies indicating simple intervention as to increase water intake. Low calcium intake was found in 48 patients suggesting that low calcium intake is associated with higher incidence of urolithiasis due to increased intestinal oxalate absorption. Hypocalcaemia was found in 34 patients and 24 hour urinary abnormality was found in only 18 patients'. Both these nding does not support previous literature. Stone analysis nding does not correlate with urinary nding. Conclusions: Hypocalcaemia is major metabolic abnormality in contradiction to western literature. Low urine volume secondary to low water intake is predominant nding .There are no nomograms for urinary excretion of Calcium, uric acid, oxalate and citrate in Indian children. Keeping the optimum blood calcium level & increased uid intake can prevent stone formation in children.

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