Can Simply Answering Research Questions Change Behaviour? Systematic Review and Meta Analyses of Brief Alcohol Intervention Trials

Abstract Forced displacement is a research field in specific social and cultural contexts. This systematic review aims to identify, describe and analyze the research in Psychology of Forced Displacement and Migration published between 2006 and 2016. The databases selected were PsycINFO, Lilacs and SciELO following the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 2009. Content and methodology were assessed by Critical Appraisal Skill Programme. A total of 34 out of 491 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were categorized in a framework that summarizes the main research questions and methodologies, including authors, research questions, units of analysis, dominant theories, and hypotheses. In conclusion, the framework helped to comprehend the general aspects of the existing research and pointed out interdisciplinary tendencies in the studies on this phenomenon.

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Brief alcohol intervention trials conducted by higher prestige authors and published in higher impact factor journals are cited more frequently

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.01.028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 119-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Emily E. Tanner-Smith ◽

Joshua R. Polanin

Keyword(s):

Impact Factor ◽

Alcohol Intervention ◽

Brief Alcohol Intervention ◽

Intervention Trials

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A Systematic Review of Child to Parent Violence Interventions

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/15248380211053618 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152483802110536

Author(s):

Chye Toole-Anstey ◽

Lynne Keevers ◽

Michelle L Townsend

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Screening Process ◽

Conceptual Clarity ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Two Stages ◽

Design And Methods

Objective: To identify, appraise and synthesize research on the interventions used in child to parent violence. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using the electronic databases of PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL Full Text. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, three authors conducted the screening process which was implemented in two stages including screening the title and abstract, followed by screening the full text. Papers were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. The search identified 727 studies which met the inclusion criteria, deduplication resulted in 525 number for review, with 8 articles included in the review. Results: This review identifies six themes from the six unique interventions included to address the research questions: How do practitioners effectively support families experiencing child-to-parent violence? The six themes are: Conceptualising the violence; Assessment of needs and risks; Intervention types and settings; Program techniques and components of interventions; Intervention outcomes and effectiveness; and Research design and methods. Three narratives were iteratively developed from these themes which highlight the main findings of the review: importance of the practitioner and their skills; conceptual clarity of CPV; and CPV interventions. Conclusions: The findings from this systematic review identifies the need for further research into child to parent violence including what makes interventions effective, what needs and outcomes the interventions are addressing, and the implications of classifications of this violence.

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Repeated exposure and conditioning strategies for increasing vegetable liking and intake: systematic review and meta-analyses of the published literature

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy143 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 108 (4) ◽

pp. 842-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Katherine M Appleton ◽

Ann Hemingway ◽

Jessica Rajska ◽

Heather Hartwell

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Repeated Exposure ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Published Data ◽

Limited Evidence ◽

Search Terms ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Vegetable intakes are typically lower than recommended for health. Although repeated exposure has been advocated to increase vegetable liking and consumption, no combination of the evidence yet provides a measure of benefit from repeated exposure or alternative conditioning strategies. Objective This work aimed to identify and synthesize the current evidence for the use of repeated exposure and conditioning strategies for increasing vegetable liking and consumption. Design Three academic databases were searched over all years of records using prespecified search terms. Published data from all suitable articles were tabulated in relation to 3 research questions and combined via meta-analyses. Results Forty-three articles detailing 117 comparisons investigating the use of repeated exposure and conditioning strategies for increasing liking and intakes of vegetables were found. Our analyses demonstrate: 1) increased liking and intakes of the exposed vegetable after repeated exposure compared with no exposure; 2) increased liking for the exposed vegetable after conditioning compared with repeated exposure, increased intakes after the use of rewards, and some suggestion of decreased intakes after flavor-nutrient conditioning; and 3) increased liking and intakes of a novel vegetable after repeated exposure to a variety of other vegetables compared with no exposure or repeated exposure to one other vegetable. Effect sizes, however, are small, and limited evidence suggests long-term benefits. Our analyses, furthermore, are limited by limitations in study design, compliance, and/or reporting. Conclusions Based on our findings, we recommend the use of repeated exposure to one and a variety of vegetables, and the use of rewards, for increasing vegetable liking and consumption. Confirmation from further large, well-conducted studies that use realistic scenarios, however, is also required. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42017056919.

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The Effects of Fruit-Derived Polyphenols on Cognition and Lung Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4273

Author(s):

Lillian Morton ◽

Andrea J. Braakhuis

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lung Function ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Lung Capacity ◽

Intervention Trials ◽

Meta Analyses

Polyphenols are plant derived nutrients that influence oxidative stress and inflammation and therefore may have positive benefits on cognition and lung function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of fruit derived polyphenol intakes on cognition and lung capacity in healthy adults. In August 2020 and October 2021, Medline and Google Scholar were used to search for relevant studies examining the effects of fruit derived polyphenol intakes on cognition and/or lung function in healthy adults (<70 years old). Fourteen studies related to cognition (409 healthy subjects) and seven lung/respiratory studies (20 788 subjects) were used for the systematic review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The meta-analysis (using six cognition and three lung function studies) indicated a protective effect on lung function from dietary intakes of fruit-derived polyphenols. Neither a benefit nor decrement from fruit-derived polyphenol intakes were detected for cognition. Human intervention trials examining the effects of polyphenol supplementation on lung function in healthy adults are scarce and intervention studies are warranted. More conclusive results are needed to provide recommendations for polyphenol supplementation to support aspects of cognition.

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A Systematic Review on Arabic Calligraphy within Islamic Architecture

Ulum Islamiyyah ◽

10.33102/uij.vol33no1.263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Duaa Alashari ◽

Mohd Azhar Abd. Hamid

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Islamic Art ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Islamic Architecture ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Arabic Calligraphy

Islamic architecture is distinguished by the formulation in various forms and artistic models of the Arabic calligraphy style. Arabic inscriptions are found in several areas of Islamic architecture both in the external elements as well as in the building's internal elements. The art of calligraphy as describing the building has many impacts to improve the different roles that this art offers. This art often has a symbolic significance according to the structure. This study aims to explore existing research into the use of the art of calligraphy as an important component of Islamic architecture. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) as lead to direct this systematic review and 14 related studies have recognized and selected from databases Web of Science, Scopus, and Dimensions. This paper helps to provide some sources of information that can be used by people who would like to understand and study Islamic calligraphy and Islamic art. Two research questions applied in this review to obtain themes within the data, and two significant themes arose, namely art in Islam and forms of art. The analysis of two main themes further presented a result of five sub-themes that emerged from forms of art and six sub-themes that developed from the types of khat themes.

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Lessons to be learnt from meta-analyses of newer versus older antidepressants

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment ◽

10.1192/apt.3.1.58 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 58-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ian Anderson

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Review Process ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Statistical Techniques ◽

Relevant Research ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses

Meta-analysis is the use of statistical techniques to analyse the findings of many individual analyses (Glass, 1977). It covers all aspects of the review process involving formulating relevant research questions, searching the literature, assessing the quality of studies and choosing relevant ones, extracting and combining the data (for review see Henry & Wilson, 1992; Wilson & Henry, 1992). Meta-analysis as part of a systematic review has advantages over a narrative review but there are problems in applying it in practice (Box 1).

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Introduction to Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Therapeutic Studies

Oman Medical Journal ◽

10.5001/omj.2022.42 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Murtadha Al-Khabori ◽

Wasif Rasool

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Care ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Reproducible Method ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Therapeutic Research

A systematic review is a specific and reproducible method to search, identify, select, appraise, and summarize all studies relevant to a particular health care question. In this paper, we will review the concept of level of evidence, define the terms systematic review and meta-analysis, and outline the steps in performing a systematic review and meta-analysis with an illustrative example. In addition, we will introduce some important concepts in systematic reviews and meta-analyses like heterogeneity, publication bias, forest plots, and quality assessment. Finally, this review will focus on systematic reviews addressing therapeutic research questions.

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Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000293 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 159-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bastianina Contena ◽

Stefano Taddei

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Intellectual Functioning ◽

Clinical Impact ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽

General Quality ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

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A Meta-Analysis of Interviews and Cognitive Ability

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000091 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 157-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Philip L. Roth ◽

Allen I. Huffcutt

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Ability ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Incremental Validity ◽

Employment Interviews ◽

Moderator Analysis ◽

The Future ◽

Research Questions ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Relationship

The topic of what interviews measure has received a great deal of attention over the years. One line of research has investigated the relationship between interviews and the construct of cognitive ability. A previous meta-analysis reported an overall corrected correlation of .40 ( Huffcutt, Roth, & McDaniel, 1996 ). A more recent meta-analysis reported a noticeably lower corrected correlation of .27 ( Berry, Sackett, & Landers, 2007 ). After reviewing both meta-analyses, it appears that the two studies posed different research questions. Further, there were a number of coding judgments in Berry et al. that merit review, and there was no moderator analysis for educational versus employment interviews. As a result, we reanalyzed the work by Berry et al. and found a corrected correlation of .42 for employment interviews (.15 higher than Berry et al., a 56% increase). Further, educational interviews were associated with a corrected correlation of .21, supporting their influence as a moderator. We suggest a better estimate of the correlation between employment interviews and cognitive ability is .42, and this takes us “back to the future” in that the better overall estimate of the employment interviews – cognitive ability relationship is roughly .40. This difference has implications for what is being measured by interviews and their incremental validity.

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