A Systematic Review of Child to Parent Violence Interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110536
Author(s):  
Chye Toole-Anstey ◽  
Lynne Keevers ◽  
Michelle L Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective: To identify, appraise and synthesize research on the interventions used in child to parent violence. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using the electronic databases of PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL Full Text. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, three authors conducted the screening process which was implemented in two stages including screening the title and abstract, followed by screening the full text. Papers were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. The search identified 727 studies which met the inclusion criteria, deduplication resulted in 525 number for review, with 8 articles included in the review. Results: This review identifies six themes from the six unique interventions included to address the research questions: How do practitioners effectively support families experiencing child-to-parent violence? The six themes are: Conceptualising the violence; Assessment of needs and risks; Intervention types and settings; Program techniques and components of interventions; Intervention outcomes and effectiveness; and Research design and methods. Three narratives were iteratively developed from these themes which highlight the main findings of the review: importance of the practitioner and their skills; conceptual clarity of CPV; and CPV interventions. Conclusions: The findings from this systematic review identifies the need for further research into child to parent violence including what makes interventions effective, what needs and outcomes the interventions are addressing, and the implications of classifications of this violence.

scholarly journals FcRn as a Transporter for Nasal Delivery of Biologics: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6475
Author(s):  
Maxime Fieux ◽  
Sandra Le Quellec ◽  
Sophie Bartier ◽  
André Coste ◽  
Bruno Louis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Nasal Delivery ◽  
Intranasal Delivery ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Meta Analyses

FcRn plays a major role in regulating immune homeostasis, but it is also able to transport biologics across cellular barriers. The question of whether FcRn could be an efficient transporter of biologics across the nasal epithelial barrier is of particular interest, as it would allow a less invasive strategy for the administration of biologics in comparison to subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administrations, which are often used in clinical practice. A focused systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. It was registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews PROSPERO, which helped in identifying articles that met the inclusion criteria. Clinical and preclinical studies involving FcRn and the nasal delivery of biologics were screened, and the risk of bias was assessed across studies using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). Among the 12 studies finally included in this systematic review (out of the 758 studies screened), 11 demonstrated efficient transcytosis of biologics through the nasal epithelium. Only three studies evaluated the potential toxicity of biologics’ intranasal delivery, and they all showed that it was safe. This systematic review confirmed that FcRn is expressed in the nasal airway and the olfactory epithelium, and that FcRn may play a role in IgG and/or IgG-derived molecule-transcytosis across the airway epithelium. However, additional research is needed to better characterize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of biologics after their intranasal delivery.

Adverse Effects of Natural Products: A Brief Pre-Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Pires ◽  
Ana Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Natural products are commonly used for treating health problems. These products may be associated with adverse events, which are defined as "noxious and unintended response to a medicinal product" by the European Medicine Agency. Objectives: To identify studies describing at least one adverse event (or with potential to promote an adverse event) related to the use of natural products, as well as to describe the involved product(s) and adverse event(s). Methods: A pre-systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Keywords: "natural product(s)" and ["adverse drug reaction(s)" or "adverse effect(s)"]. Screened databases: PubMed, SciELO, DOAJ and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria: papers describing at least one adverse event associated with the use of natural products and published between 2017 and 2019. Exclusion criteria: Repeated studies, reviews and papers written in other languages than English, Portuguese, French or Spanish. Results: 104 studies were identified (20 PubMed; 0 SciELO; 2 DOAJ; 82 Google Scholar), but only 10 were selected (4 PubMed and 6 Google Scholar): 1 in-vitro study; 2 non-clinical studies, 1 study reporting in-vitro and clinical data and 5 studies were cases reports. Globally, 997 reports of adverse drug reactions with natural products were identified, mainly non-severe cases. Conclusion: Since a limited number of studies was found, we conclude that adverse events due to natural products may be underreported, or natural products may have a good safety profile. This review contributes for assuring the safety of natural products consumers, by evaluating the knowledge/information on the potential adverse events and interactions of these products.

A Systematic Review on Barriers to Palliative Care in Oncology

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912098328
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Judith E. Hupcey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Meta Analyses

The number of people with cancer and the need for palliative care among this population is increasing in the United States. Despite this growing need, several barriers exist to the utilization of palliative care in oncology. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the barriers to palliative care utilization in an oncology population. A systematic review of literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, and Psych Info databases were used for the literature search. Articles were included if they: 1) focused on cancer, (2) examined and discussed barriers to palliative care, and c) were peer reviewed, published in English, and had an accessible full text. A total of 29 studies (8 quantitative, 18 qualitative, and 3 mixed-methods) were identified and synthesized for this review. The sample size of the included studies ranged from 10 participants to 313 participants. The barriers to palliative care were categorized into barriers related to the patient and family, b) barriers related to providers, and c) barriers related to the healthcare system or policy. The factors identified in this review provide guidance for intervention development to mitigate the existing barriers and facilitate the use palliative care in individuals with cancer.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition in Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110294
Author(s):  
Annie Bérubé ◽  
Jessica Turgeon ◽  
Caroline Blais ◽  
Daniel Fiset
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effects On Children ◽  
Meta Analyses

Child maltreatment has many well-documented lasting effects on children. Among its consequences, it affects children’s recognition of emotions. More and more studies are recognizing the lasting effect that a history of maltreatment can have on emotion recognition. A systematic literature review was conducted to better understand this relationship. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used and four databases were searched, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and FRANCIS, using three cross-referenced key words: child abuse, emotion recognition, and adults. The search process identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the wide variety of measures used to assess child maltreatment as well as the different protocols used to measure emotion recognition. The results indicate that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment show a differentiated reaction to happiness, anger, and fear. Happiness is less detected, whereas negative emotions are recognized more rapidly and at a lower intensity compared to adults not exposed to such traumatic events. Emotion recognition is also related to greater brain activation for the maltreated group. However, the results are less consistent for adults who also have a diagnosis of mental health problems. The systematic review found that maltreatment affects the perception of emotions expressed on both adult and child faces. However, more research is needed to better understand how a history of maltreatment is related to adults’ perception of children’s emotions.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of Self-Report Concussion Scales and Checklists

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara C. Valovich McLeod ◽  
Candace Leach
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Symptom Inventory

Reference/Citation: Alla S, Sullivan SJ, Hale L, McCrory P. Self-report scales/checklists for the measurement of concussion symptoms: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43 (suppl 1):i3–i12. Clinical Question: Which self-report symptom scales or checklists are psychometrically sound for clinical use to assess sport-related concussion? Data Sources: Articles available in full text, published from the establishment of each database through December 2008, were identified from PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and AMED. Search terms included brain concussion, signs or symptoms, and athletic injuries, in combination with the AND Boolean operator, and were limited to studies published in English. The authors also hand searched the reference lists of retrieved articles. Additional searches of books, conference proceedings, theses, and Web sites of commercial scales were done to provide additional information about the psychometric properties and development for those scales when needed in articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Study Selection: Articles were included if they identified all the items on the scale and the article was either an original research report describing the use of scales in the evaluation of concussion symptoms or a review article that discussed the use or development of concussion symptom scales. Only articles published in English and available in full text were included. Data Extraction: From each study, the following information was extracted by the primary author using a standardized protocol: study design, publication year, participant characteristics, reliability of the scale, and details of the scale or checklist, including name, number of items, time of measurement, format, mode of report, data analysis, scoring, and psychometric properties. A quality assessment of included studies was done using 16 items from the Downs and Black checklist1 and assessed reporting, internal validity, and external validity. Main Results: The initial database search identified 421 articles. After 131 duplicate articles were removed, 290 articles remained and were added to 17 articles found during the hand search, for a total of 307 articles; of those, 295 were available in full text. Sixty articles met the inclusion criteria and were used in the systematic review. The quality of the included studies ranged from 9 to 15 points out of a maximum quality score of 17. The included articles were published between 1995 and 2008 and included a collective total of 5864 concussed athletes and 5032 nonconcussed controls, most of whom participated in American football. The majority of the studies were descriptive studies monitoring the resolution of concussive self-report symptoms compared with either a preseason baseline or healthy control group, with a smaller number of studies (n = 8) investigating the development of a scale. The authors initially identified 20 scales that were used among the 60 included articles. Further review revealed that 14 scales were variations of the Pittsburgh Steelers postconcussion scale (the Post-Concussion Scale, Post-Concussion Scale: Revised, Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT, Post-Concussion Symptom Scale: Vienna, Graded Symptom Checklist [GSC], Head Injury Scale, McGill ACE Post-Concussion Symptoms Scale, and CogState Sport Symptom Checklist), narrowing down to 6 core scales, which the authors discussed further. The 6 core scales were the Pittsburgh Steelers Post-Concussion Scale (17 items), Post-Concussion Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (10 items), Concussion Resolution Index postconcussion questionnaire (15 items), Signs and Symptoms Checklist (34 items), Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) postconcussion symptom scale (25 items), and Concussion Symptom Inventory (12 items). Each of the 6 core scales includes symptoms associated with sport-related concussion; however, the number of items on each scale varied. A 7-point Likert scale was used on most scales, with a smaller number using a dichotomous (yes/no) classification. Only 7 of the 20 scales had published psychometric properties, and only 1 scale, the Concussion Symptom Inventory, was empirically driven (Rasch analysis), with development of the scale occurring before its clinical use. Internal consistency (Cronbach α) was reported for the Post-Concussion Scale (.87), Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 22-item (.88–.94), Head Injury Scale 9-item (.78), and Head Injury Scale 16-item (.84). Test-retest reliability has been reported only for the Post-Concussion Scale (Spearman r = .55) and the Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 21-item (Pearson r = .65). With respect to validity, the SCAT postconcussion scale has demonstrated face and content validity, the Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 22-item and Head Injury Scale 9-item have reported construct validity, and the Head Injury Scale 9-item and 16-item have published factorial validity. Sensitivity and specificity have been reported only with the GSC (0.89 and 1.0, respectively) and the Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 21-item when combined with the neurocognitive component of ImPACT (0.819 and 0.849, respectively). Meaningful change scores were reported for the Post-Concussion Scale (14.8 points), Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 22-item (6.8 points), and Post-Concussion Scale: ImPACT 21-item (standard error of the difference = 7.17; 80% confidence interval = 9.18). Conclusions: Numerous scales exist for measuring the number and severity of concussion-related symptoms, with most evolving from the neuropsychology literature pertaining to head-injured populations. However, very few of these were created in a systematic manner that follows scale development processes and have published psychometric properties. Clinicians need to understand these limitations when choosing and using a symptom scale for inclusion in a concussion assessment battery. Future authors should assess the underlying constructs and measurement properties of currently available scales and use the ever-increasing prospective data pools of concussed athlete information to develop scales following appropriate, systematic processes.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Psychotherapy Interventions for Anxiety in Medical Students: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi ◽  
Carla Raymondalexas Marchira ◽  
Widyandana Widyandana ◽  
Ronny Tri Wirasto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Suicidal Ideas ◽  
Psychotherapy Interventions

BACKGROUND: The mental health of medical students has long been a topic of concern in many countries. Much research in Europe reported that around 30% of medical students suffered from anxiety. Anxiety disorders have significant physical and emotional consequences. Various studies show that excessive, unmanaged stress related to poor academic performance in medical students leads to cynical personalities, lack of empathy, and suicidal ideas. AIM: This study aimed to identify studies for psychotherapy interventions carried out in medical students and analyze each impact on anxiety level in medical students. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted with evidence sourced from 2000 to 2020. The review process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study was registered with the Prospective Registering of Systematic Reviews database (Protocol ID: CRD42020180650). RESULTS: Twenty-three studies meet the inclusion criteria, and there are various psychotherapy interventions to deal with anxiety. Most studies reported that students who received mindfulness-based interventions reported lower anxiety, depression, and stress. CONCLUSION: There are various interventions carried out to decrease stress levels, depression, and anxiety in medical students. The most effective psychotherapy was found in cognitive and behavior intervention and mindfulness intervention.

scholarly journals Obesity and Stunting in Childhood. Do Grandparents Play A Role? A Systematic Review

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Rizki Agustin Purwaningtyas ◽  
Ardila Lailatul Barik ◽  
Dwi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Child Obesity ◽  
Primary Caregiver ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Obesity and stunting in childhood has become one of the greatest global health challenges. The impact of this issue is serious and lasting for individuals, their families, communities and countries. Most of the studies on child weight status have only focused on the mother as the primary caregiver, whereas the role and influence of the grandparents has received less attention. Grandparent-provided child care has become a trend in many countries, with reported rates of approximately 40% to 58%. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze whether children become stunted or obese when they are cared for by their grandparents.Methods: The methodological search of the literature was conducted using Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Pro Quest and ResearchGate, and it was undertaken using PRISMA guidelines. The search identified 1803 papers and 135 full-text articles were screened for eligibility. Finally, 15 met the inclusion criteria. The keyword chain was as follows: ("obesity" OR "stunting") AND (“children”) AND (“grandparents”).Results: As grandparents take on increasingly responsible roles in the lives of their grandchildren, there is an influence on the higher risk of child obesity rather than stunting.Conclusion: In future, nurses should target not only the mother but also the grandparents to control their child’s health, especially when related to their weight status.

scholarly journals Clinical Evidence in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea with Oral Appliances: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Andrea Rossi ◽  
Antonino Lo Giudice ◽  
Camilla Di Pardo ◽  
Alberto Teodoro Valentini ◽  
Francesca Marradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Definition Of

Background. Recent clinical guidelines have extended indications for oral appliances to subjects affected by moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The aim of this systematic review covering this important issue for public health is twofold: updating and summarizing the best available scientific evidence by selecting RCTs of quality only, and identifying the therapeutic pathways that can be transferred to the current clinical practice. Methods. All the abstracts which were published before February 18, 2019, have been identified in three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane). The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias was used as an assessment tool in order to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. Results. The search strategy yielded 2,260 studies. After removing duplicates and studies that did not comply with the inclusion criteria, 32 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 17 RCTs were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. The 17 selected studies were very heterogeneous in the type of included RCTs in terms of patient inclusion criteria, sample size, distribution of the two genders in the various groups, duration of treatment, and definition of primary and secondary outcomes, without any restriction on the definition of the control group. A common finding was the positive responsiveness of oral appliance treatment in subjects affected by mild-to-moderate OSA with some evidence for cases of severe OSA. Conclusion. Higher-quality studies are needed in order to provide additional useful guidelines for dental clinicians for OSA management.

scholarly journals Depression and anxiety in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lins Carvalho ◽  
Lilian Maria Sanguinett de Almeida ◽  
Camila Maria Araújo Lorega ◽  
Mirella Francyne Oliveira Barata ◽  
Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Introduction Studies assessing symptoms of depression and anxiety in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have reported contradictory results. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the prevalence of these mood disorders in the literature. Methods We searched the PubMed, HighWire, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS and ScienceDirect databases. Literature was selected for review in two stages, according to eligibility criteria. The first stage involved searching databases and checking titles and abstracts. The second step consisted of reading complete articles and excluding those that did not meet the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were articles written in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published in the last five years and involving people with ALS diagnosed according to the El Escorial criteria. Results The database searches returned a total of 1,135 titles and abstracts and then 1,117 of these were excluded. Eighteen articles were selected for review. The 12-item Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Depression Inventory (ADI-12) was the only instrument designed specifically to assess depression in ALS, but it was only used in three studies. No instruments specifically designed for anxiety in ALS were used. A large number of studies found presence and slight increase of anxiety disorders. There was considerable large variation in the results related to depressive disorders, ranging from moderate depression to an absence of symptoms. Conclusions Patients with ALS may exhibit symptoms of depression and anxiety at different levels, but there is a need for studies using specific instruments with larger samples in order to ascertain the prevalence of symptoms in ALS and the factors associated with it.

scholarly journals Microplastic contamination of salt intended for human consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Danopoulos ◽  
Lauren Jenner ◽  
Maureen Twiddy ◽  
Jeanette M. Rotchell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Human Health Effects ◽  
Potential Human Health

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging contaminant ubiquitous in the environment. There is growing concern regarding potential human health effects, a major human exposure route being dietary uptake. We have undertaken a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis to identify all relevant research on MP contamination of salt intended for human consumption. Three thousand nine hundred and nineteen papers were identified, with ten fitting the inclusion criteria. A search of the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, from launch date to September 2020, was conducted. MP contamination of salt varied significantly between four origins, sea salt 0–1674 MPs/kg, lake salt 8–462 MPs/kg, rock and well salt 0–204 MPs/kg. The majority of samples were found to be contaminated by MPs. Corresponding potential human exposures are estimated to be 0–6110 MPs per year (for all origins), confirming salt as a carrier of MPs. A bespoke risk of bias (RoB) assessment tool was used to appraise the quality of the studies, with studies demonstrating moderate to low RoB. These results suggest that a series of recurring issues need to be addressed in future research regarding sampling, analysis and reporting to improve confidence in research findings.

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