scholarly journals Adherence to Self-Administered Tuberculosis Treatment in a High HIV-Prevalence Setting: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Homa Bay, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e32140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Nackers ◽  
Helena Huerga ◽  
Emmanuelle Espié ◽  
Apollo Odongo Aloo ◽  
Mathieu Bastard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

High HIV prevalence among transgender women in Paraguay

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (13) ◽  
pp. 1308-1314
Author(s):  
Gloria Aguilar ◽  
Tania Samudio ◽  
Gladys Lopez ◽  
Liliana Jimenez ◽  
Erin C Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Trans Women

Transgender women have been understudied and underserved in Paraguay; data are urgently needed to understand their HIV prevention and care needs. To estimate HIV prevalence and related risk and preventive behaviors among trans women in Paraguay, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2017. We employed starfish sampling – a hybrid venue-based and peer-referral method combining recruitment at randomly sampled venues and randomly selected clients from program lists, followed by short-chain referrals of eligible peers. Among 304 trans women enrolled, HIV prevalence was 24.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.5–31.2%), with risk increasing with age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.06 per year, 95% CI 1.03–1.10), residence in Asunción department (AOR 4.75, 95% CI 1.57–14.36), and cocaine use (AOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.11–3.95). Trans women in Paraguay need to be prioritized for interventions with high HIV prevention efficacy. Substance use interventions to address cocaine use may also yield prevention benefits for trans women in our context.

scholarly journals Internet-Based Sex-Seeking Behavior Promotes HIV Infection Risk: A 6-Year Serial Cross-Sectional Survey to MSM in Shenyang, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Pan ◽  
Jun-Jie Xu ◽  
Xiao-Xu Han ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qing-Hai Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Sex With Men

HIV prevalence is still rapidly increasing among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM). The Internet also makes it easier for MSM to have casual partners. This study aims to evaluate the trend of Internet-based sex-seeking behavior of MSM and its impact on HIV prevalence, the distribution of HIV subtype strains, and transmitted drug resistance rates. A serial cross-sectional study was conducted from 2009 to 2014. Of the 1,981 MSM, 50.5% (1,000/1,981) mainly sought homosexual partners through the Internet (Internet-based MSM, IBM). The proportion of IBM among total MSM subjects increased from 43.3% to 61.5% (p<0.001). HIV prevalence of IBM increased from 5.7% to 20.7%, while that of non-Internet-based MSM (NIBM) increased from 7.0% to 14.7%. A relative higher proportion of NIBM were infected with HIV CRF01_AE subtype than IBM (79.5% versus 72.2%, p=0.52). Multivariable analysis found IBM had a significantly higher HIV prevalence than NIBM (13.2% versus 10.5%, aOR = 1.4, 95% CI [1.0–1.9]). Being a migrant non-Shenyang resident MSM (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI [1.3–2.9]) and occasionally/never using condoms with casual homosexual partners (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.1–2.6]) were two distinct risk factors for HIV infection in IBM. More efforts should be targeted towards developing interventions aimed at IBM, particularly migrant MSM and who engage in UAI with casual homosexual partners.

scholarly journals HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men following the implementation of the HIV preventive guideline in Tanzania: respondent-driven sampling survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036460
Author(s):  
Mwijage Alexander Ishungisa ◽  
Kare Moen ◽  
Germana Leyna ◽  
Neema Makyao ◽  
Angela Ramadhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesTo estimate HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania following the implementation of the national comprehensive package of HIV interventions for key population (CHIP).DesignA cross-sectional survey using respondent-driven sampling.SettingDar es Salaam, Tanzania’s largest city.ParticipantsMen who occasionally or regularly have sex with another man, aged 18 years and above and living in Dar es Salaam city at least 6 months preceding the study.Primary outcome measureHIV prevalence was the primary outcome. Independent risk factors for HIV infection were examined using weighted logistics regression modelling.ResultsA total of 777 MSM with a mean age of 26 years took part in the study. The weighted HIV prevalence was 8.3% (95% CI: 6.3%–10.9%) as compared with 22.3% (95% CI: 18.7%–26.4%) observed in a similar survey in 2014. Half of the participants had had sex with more than two partners in the month preceding the survey. Among those who had engaged in transactional sex, 80% had used a condom during last anal sex with a paying partner. Participants aged 25 and above had four times higher odds of being infected than those aged 15–19 years. HIV infection was associated with multiple sexual partnerships (adjusted OR/AOR, 3.0; 95% CI: 1.8–12.0), not having used condom during last sex with non-paying partner (AOR, 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4–7.8) and ever having engaged in group sex (AOR, 3.4; 95% CI: 1.7–3.6).ConclusionHIV prevalence among MSM in Dar es Salaam has decreased by more than a half over the past 5 years, coinciding with implementation of the CHIP. It is nonetheless two times as high as that of men in the general population. To achieve the 2030 goal, behavioural change interventions and roll out of new intervention measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Trends and determinants of HIV transmission among men who inject drugs in the Pokhara Valley, Nepal: analysis of cross-sectional studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Hogan ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Felix Ogbo ◽  
Sameer Dixit ◽  
Rajesh Man Rajbhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Based

Abstract Background HIV is a major public health issue around the world, especially in developing countries. Although the overall prevalence of HIV in Nepal is relatively low, there are specific sub-populations where the prevalence is far higher than the national average. One of these sub-groups is male people who inject drugs (male PWIDs). In order to understand the reasons for the differences in prevalence, a series of socio-demographic, behavioural and knowledge-based risk factors need to be assessed. Methods The study used a series of 7 cross-sectional survey datasets from Pokhara (Nepal), collected between 2003 and 2017 (N = 2235) to investigate trends in HIV prevalence among male PWIDs by socio-demographic and behavioural and knowledge-based risk factors. A series of logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between study factors and HIV. Results HIV prevalence decreased from the levels seen in 2003 (22.0%) and 2005 (21.7%), with the lowest prevalence recorded in 2015 (2.6%), however prevalence has increased in the most recent period (4.9%). A lower risk of HIV was associated with younger age (<=24 years compared to > 24 years, OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.10–0.31), being married (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.25–3.02) and shorter duration of drug use (<=4 years compared to > 4 years, OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.09–0.29). A higher risk of HIV was associated with low (compared to secondary or higher) education level (OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.75–4.36), a lack of addiction treatment (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.64–4.08), and recent use of unsterilized injection equipment (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.20–4.11). Conclusion The prevalence of HIV in male PWIDs in Pokhara has been variable, but overall has reduced in recent years to 2.6% before increasing in 2017 to 4.9%. The main determinants which increase the risk of HIV among male PWIDs in Pokhara are low education level, a lack of treatment for drug addiction and the recent use of unsterilised equipment. Each of these indicate the need to improve addiction treatment and education programs for intra-venous drug use to aid this key population in avoiding risk-taking behaviours.

HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Men in South Africa 30 Years into the Epidemic: The Fifth Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawanda Makusha ◽  
Musawenkosi Mabaso ◽  
Sizulu Moyo ◽  
Nompumelelo Zungu ◽  
Khangelani Zuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

HIV prevalence and risk in long-distance truck drivers in South Africa: a national cross-sectional survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinead Delany-Moretlwe ◽  
Braimoh Bello ◽  
Peter Kinross ◽  
Monique Oliff ◽  
Matthew Chersich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional

HIV PREVALENCE AND BEHAVIORAL ON MALE INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDUS) IN QUANG NAM AND FEMALE SEX WORKERS (FSWS) IN QUANG BINH, QUANG TRI, BINH DINH PROVINCES, 2011

2016 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Xuan Huy Le ◽  
Phuoc Thuoc Doan ◽  
Dinh Son Nguyen ◽  
Thai Hung Do ◽  
Quang Mai Vien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Research with objectives: (1) determine the prevalence of HIV among IDUs, FSWs in selected provinces; (2) determine key HIV risk and preventive behaviors; (3) estimate the intervention’s exposure and coverage. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was used in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Quang Nam and Binh Dinh provinces. Based on the results of mapping, the sample size in each selected province was as follow: Quang Binh: 300 FSWs, Quang Tri: 300 FSWs, Binh Dinh: 300 FSWs and Quang Nam: 350 IDUs. Results: Male IDUs and FSWs had many risk behaviors related to HIV infection. HIV prevalence among male IDUs in Quang Nam was 6.86%. HIV prevalence among FSWs was 1.3% in Binh Dinh, 1% in Quang Tri and 0% in Quang Binh. Necessary knowledge on HIV/AIDS of studied subjects was limited. Conclusion: The findings from this study showed the need to deploy, enhance and maintain the intervention programs for male injecting drug users and FSWs. Key words: HIV, Prevalence, Behavioral, IDUs, FSWs.

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