High Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Non-Vaccine Serotypes in Western Australian Aboriginal People Following 10 Years of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination

Introduction The dynamic study of the serotype composition and the level of antibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae in different regions is the most important component of the control of pneumococcal infections (PI). The aim of the study was to analyze the serotype composition of S. pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx in children under 5 years of age, as well as to assess the sensitivity of pneumococci to antimicrobials, depending on the vaccination status and previous antibacterial therapy. Materials and methods A multicenter cohort study of nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype diversity and sensitivity to pneumococcal antibiotics were conducted in 13 centers in the Republic of Khakassia. Results 498 nasopharyngeal smears were collected, pneumococcus was isolated in 51.6% of cases. PI vaccination coverage in the cohort was 67.2%. The carriage of pneumococcus did not differ in children depending on their vaccination status (52.3% in vaccinated and 52.2% in unvaccinated). There was revealed a significant decrease in the carrier rate of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes in the cohort of vaccinated children compared with unvaccinated (17.6% vs 34.7%, p <0.05). High resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin (38.6%), macrolides (29.7%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (28.6%) was found. Amoxicillin resistance accounted for 20.8%, and ceftriaxone - 16.6%. Antibiotic-resistant vaccine serotypes were twofold more common. Conclusion The introduction of mass vaccination against PI in the country does not reduce the nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococcus, but significantly reduces the circulation of vaccine serotypes, including strains resistant to antibiotics.

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Collections without End

Museum Worlds ◽

10.3167/armw.2018.060108 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 94-111

Author(s):

Andrea Witcomb ◽

Alistair Patterson

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Western Australia ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

The State ◽

Australian Aboriginal ◽

Australian Museum ◽

History Of ◽

State Library ◽

Private Collections ◽

Western Australian

The discovery of five photographs in 2018 in the State Library of Western Australia led us to the existence of a forgotten private museum housing the collection of Captain Matthew McVicker Smyth in early-twentieth-century Perth. Captain Smyth was responsible for the selling of Nobel explosives used in the agriculture and mining industries. The museum contained mineral specimens in cases alongside extensive, aesthetically organized displays of Australian Aboriginal artifacts amid a wide variety of ornaments and decorative paintings. The museum reflects a moment in the history of colonialism that reminds us today of forms of dispossession, of how Aboriginal people were categorized in Australia by Western worldviews, and of the ways that collectors operated. Our re-creation brings back into existence a significant Western Australian museum and opens up a new discussion about how such private collections came into existence and indeed, in this instance, about how they eventually end.

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Predictors of pneumococcal carriage and the effect of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the Western Australian Aboriginal population

Pneumonia ◽

10.1186/s41479-017-0038-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Deirdre A. Collins ◽

Anke Hoskins ◽

Thomas Snelling ◽

Kalpani Senasinghe ◽

Jacinta Bowman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aboriginal Population ◽

Australian Aboriginal ◽

Pneumococcal Carriage ◽

Conjugate Vaccination ◽

Western Australian

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Intergenerational influences of hunger and community violence on the Aboriginal people of Western Australia: A review

International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies ◽

10.5204/ijcis.v12i1.1183 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 34-46

Author(s):

Francesca Robertson ◽

David Coall ◽

Dan McAullay ◽

Alison Nannup

Keyword(s):

Community Violence ◽

Western Australia ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Health Issues ◽

Australian Aboriginal ◽

Current Health ◽

Adverse Health ◽

Western Australian ◽

Population Numbers

There is a consensus in the literature that hunger and community violence inaugurates adverse health impacts for survivors and for their descendants. The studied cohorts do not include Western Australian Aboriginal people, although many experienced violence and famine conditions as late as the 1970s. This article describes the pathways and intergenerational impacts of studied cohorts and applies these to the contemporary Western Australian context. The authors found that the intergenerational impacts, compounded by linguistic trauma, may be a contributor to current health issues experienced by Aboriginal people, but these are also contributing to the resurgence in population numbers.

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LIMITED IMPACT OF NEONATAL OR INFANT 7-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINATION ON VACCINE TYPE NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEAN CHILDREN AT 9 MONTHS OF AGE

10.26226/morressier.5745a0a6d462b8029237f98e ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Celestine Aho

Keyword(s):

Nasopharyngeal Carriage ◽

Limited Impact ◽

Vaccine Type ◽

Conjugate Vaccination ◽

Papua New Guinean

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Considering the Impact of Social Media on Contemporary Improvement of Australian Aboriginal Health: Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11573 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Troy Walker ◽

Claire Palermo ◽

Karen Klassen

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Torres Strait Islander ◽

Aboriginal People ◽

Aboriginal Health ◽

Health Messages ◽

Community Control ◽

Torres Strait Islander People ◽

Australian Aboriginal ◽

Torres Strait

BACKGROUND Social media may have a significant role in influencing the present and future health implications among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, yet there has been no review of the role of social media in improving health. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the extent of health initiatives using social media that aimed to improve the health of Australian Aboriginal communities. METHODS A scoping review was conducted by systematically searching databases CINAHL Plus; PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE in June 2017 using the terms and their synonyms “Aboriginal” and “Social media.” In addition, reference lists of included studies and the Indigenous HealthInfonet gray literature were searched. Key information about the social media intervention and its impacts on health were extracted and data synthesized using narrative summaries. RESULTS Five papers met inclusion criteria. All included studies were published in the past 5 years and involved urban, rural, and remote Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people aged 12-60 years. No studies reported objective impacts on health. Three papers found that social media provided greater space for sharing health messages in a 2-way exchange. The negative portrayal of Aboriginal people and negative health impacts of social media were described in 2 papers. CONCLUSIONS Social media may be a useful strategy to provide health messages and sharing of content among Aboriginal people, but objective impacts on health remain unknown. More research is necessary on social media as a way to connect, communicate, and improve Aboriginal health with particular emphasis on community control, self-empowerment, and decolonization.

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