scholarly journals Ex-ante assessment of different vaccination-based control schedules against the peste des petits ruminants virus in sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pachka Hammami ◽  
Renaud Lancelot ◽  
Joseph Domenech ◽  
Matthieu Lesnoff
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Ex-ante adaptation strategies for climate challenges in sub-Saharan Africa: Macro and micro perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100035
Author(s):  
Dil Bahadur Rahut ◽  
Jeetendra Prakash Aryal ◽  
Paswel Marenya
Keyword(s):  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in the arid zone in the Republic of Niger

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Souaibou Farougou ◽  
Mariama Gagara ◽  
Guy A. Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of peste des petits ruminants in the arid zone (Niamey, Tillabéry and Tahoua) of the Republic of Niger. A serological survey was conducted and 519 serum samples were collected from 253 unvaccinated sheep and 266 unvaccinated goats. The sample included 340 female animals (168 sheep and 172 goats) and 160 kids and lambs (78 lambs and 82 kids). A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay yielded an overall seroprevalence of 45.0%. The prevalence in sheep was 42.0% compared with 47.9% in goats. The seroprevalence observed amongst small ruminants in Tahoua (49.8%) and Tillabéry (46.6%) was significantly higher (p = 0.001) than that observed in animals from Niamey (25.1%). It was also higher (p = 0.04) in sheep younger than two years (51.8%) than in adults (37.6%). Conversely, the seroprevalence showed no significant difference between male animals (35.8% in sheep; 50.1% in goats) and female animals (45.1% in sheep; 46.4% in goats). The prevalence of the disease observed amongst the sheep and goat populations confirms the continued danger of this disease in the areas studied. It is therefore necessary to develop strategies such as improving livestock services, providing effective vaccines and implementing a vaccination programme for an effective control of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Peste des petits ruminants virus infection of goats in Bangladesh: Pathological investigation, molecular detection and isolation of the virus

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
I Shadmin ◽  
M Noor ◽  
R Parvin ◽  
EH Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Bronchial Lymph Node

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), an economically important morbillivirus infection of sheep and goats, is widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East and western and southern Asia including Bangladesh.  A small flock of Black Bengal goats contracted PPR following introduction of new animals. A pathological investigation was conducted on the outbreak, the viral RNA corresponding to F gene was detected by RT-PCR and the virus was isolated in Vero cells. Out of 37 goats 19 (51%) developed clinnical disease, of which 5 (13.5%) died. Goats under one year of age had highest morbidity and mortality with typical signs and lesions of PPR. Viral RNA should be detected in mesenteric and bronchial lymph node tissues. Typical cytopathic effects (CPE) in Vero cells following inoculation of lymph node tissue homogenate were visible at the third passage. However, the replication of virus in cel culture was detected by RT-PCR at the first and second passage in the absence of visible CPE. RT-PCR appears to be a very useful and sensitive tool not only for the detection of PPR virus in clinical samples but also for monitoring the growth or virus in cell culture following inoculation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v28i1.8808 Bangl. vet. 2011. Vol. 28, No. 1, 1–7

scholarly journals Ex‐ante evaluation of promising soybean innovations for sub‐Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sika Gbegbelegbe ◽  
Arega Alene ◽  
Alpha Kamara ◽  
Keith Wiebe ◽  
Victor Manyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Lorenz von Seidlein ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
Podjanee Jittmala ◽  
Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.

Mortality and Society in Sub-Saharan Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-556
Author(s):  
Lado Ruzicka
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

Adolescent Suicidality as Seen in Rural Northeastern Uganda

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Kinyanda ◽  
Ruth Kizza ◽  
Jonathan Levin ◽  
Sheila Ndyanabangi ◽  
Catherine Abbo
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: Suicidal behavior in adolescence is a public health concern and has serious consequences for adolescents and their families. There is, however, a paucity of data on this subject from sub-Saharan Africa, hence the need for this study. Aims: A cross-sectional multistage survey to investigate adolescent suicidality among other things was undertaken in rural northeastern Uganda. Methods: A structured protocol administered by trained psychiatric nurses collected information on sociodemographics, mental disorders (DSM-IV criteria), and psychological and psychosocial risk factors for children aged 3–19 years (N = 1492). For the purposes of this paper, an analysis of a subsample of adolescents (aged 10–19 years; n = 897) was undertaken. Results: Lifetime suicidality in this study was 6.1% (95% CI, 4.6%–7.9%). Conclusions: Factors significantly associated with suicidality included mental disorder, the ecological factor district of residence, factors suggestive of low socioeconomic status, and disadvantaged childhood experiences.

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