Umbilical cord blood metabolome differs in relation to delivery mode, birth order and sex, maternal diet and possibly future allergy development in rural children

Allergy is one of the most common diseases among young children yet all factors that affect development of allergy remain unclear. In a small cohort of 65 children living in the same rural area of south-west Sweden, we have previously found that maternal factors, including prenatal diet, affect childhood allergy risk, suggesting that in utero conditions may be important for allergy development. Here, we studied if metabolites in the umbilical cord blood of newborns may be related to development of childhood allergy, accounting for key perinatal factors such as mode of delivery, birth order and sex. Available umbilical cord blood plasma samples from 44 of the participants were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics; allergy was diagnosed by specialised paediatricians at ages 18 months, 3 years and 8 years and included eczema, asthma, food allergy and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Nineteen cord blood metabolites were related to future allergy diagnosis though there was no clear pattern of up- or downregulation of metabolic pathways. In contrast, perinatal factors birth order, sex and mode of delivery affected several energy and biosynthetic pathways, including glutamate and aspartic acid—histidine metabolism (p = 0.004) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (p = 0.006) for birth order; branched chain amino acid metabolism (p = 0.0009) and vitamin B6 metabolism (p = 0.01) for sex; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism (p = 0.005) for mode of delivery. Maternal diet was also related to some of the metabolites associated with allergy. In conclusion, the cord blood metabolome includes individual metabolites that reflect lifestyle, microbial and other factors that may be associated with future allergy diagnosis, and also reflects temporally close events/factors. Larger studies are required to confirm these associations, and perinatal factors such as birth order or siblings must be considered in future cord-blood metabolome studies.

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S100 protein content of umbilical cord blood in healthy newborns in relation to mode of delivery

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/fn.88.1.f67 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 67F-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J W Wirds

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Protein Content ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Mode Of Delivery

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Associations between piglet umbilical blood hematological criteria, birth order, birth interval, colostrum intake, and piglet survival

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Kiah M Gourley ◽

Joel M DeRouchey ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

Robert D Goodband ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Birth Order ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Blood Ph ◽

Umbilical Cords ◽

Piglet Survival

Abstract A total of 656 pigs (623 live-born and 33 stillborn) from 43 sows were used to evaluate hematological criteria at birth and their association with piglet survival. At birth of each piglet, birth time and order within the litter, weight, umbilical cord status (intact or ruptured) and whether the pig was live-born or stillborn were recorded. A 200µL sample of blood from the umbilical cord was collected and immediately analyzed for concentrations of glucose, oxygen partial pressure (pO2), carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), pH, base excess (BE), bicarbonate (HCO3), saturated oxygen (sO2), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), sodium, potassium, ionized calcium (iCa), hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) on a hand held iStat portable clinical analyzer (iStat Alinity, Abbott Point of Care Inc., Princeton, NJ). Piglets were categorized into quartiles based on birth order and cumulative birth interval (CumBI). Live-born pigs had higher (P < 0.01) umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, sO2, TCO2, and birth weight compared with stillborn pigs, but lower (P < 0.01) pCO2, K, iCa, and glucose compared with stillborn pigs. Pigs with intact umbilical cords at birth were associated with higher (P < 0.01) blood pH, HCO3, BE, and TCO2 compared with piglets born with a ruptured umbilical cord. Pigs with intact umbilical cords were associated with lower (P < 0.01) Hct and Hb concentrations and born earlier (P < 0.01) in the birth order compared with pigs born with a ruptured umbilical cord. Pigs that did not survive to weaning had lower (P < 0.01) umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, sO2, TCO2, Na, glucose, and birth weight, and 24 hr weight compared with pigs alive at weaning. Pigs born in the first quartile for CumBI had higher (P <0.05) pH compared with pigs in the other three quartiles. Umbilical cord blood HCO3, BE, and TCO2 decreased (P <0.05) with each change in CumBI quartile from first to last. Blood glucose was lowest (P <0.05) in pigs born before 44 min and highest in pigs born after 164 min. Umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, TCO2, Na, glucose, Hct, and Hb were positively associated (P <0.001) with colostrum intake, indicating increased blood values resulted in higher colostrum intake. Although a pig may be live-born, their survival to 24 hr and to weaning is reduced when blood pH, HCO3, BE, and sO2 are lower reiterating the importance of management practices that can reduce the birth interval between pigs and the number of pigs experiencing moderate to severe hypoxia.

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The influence of mode of delivery on hematopoietic stem cells in umbilical cord blood collections

Experimental Hematology ◽

10.1016/s0301-472x(00)00317-9 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 73-74

Author(s):

L. Porretti ◽

G. Puglisi ◽

R. Lopa ◽

L. Leechi ◽

P. Rebulla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Hematopoietic Stem

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A comprehensive study of umbilical cord blood cell developmental changes and reference ranges by gestation, gender and mode of delivery

Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1038/jp.2014.241 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 469-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

L Glasser ◽

N Sutton ◽

M Schmeling ◽

J T Machan

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Developmental Changes ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Cord Blood Cell ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood Cell ◽

Comprehensive Study

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Surfactant Protein D Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood and Capillary Blood of Premature Infants. The Influence of Perinatal Factors

Yearbook of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1016/s8756-5005(08)70093-3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 153-154

Author(s):

A.A. Fanaroff

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Surfactant Protein ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Surfactant Protein D ◽

Perinatal Factors

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Blood serum myokine irisin and adipocytokine levels in newborns small for gestational age at birth

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Medical series ◽

10.29235/1814-6023-2021-18-4-402-412 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 402-412

Author(s):

V. A. Prylutskaya ◽

A. V. Sukalo ◽

A. V. Goncharik

Keyword(s):

Blood Serum ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

The Body ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

In recent years, a number of the studies of myokine irisin in adults and isolated in newborns have been carried out. The role of adipocytokines in the growth and development of the fetus and children has been shown.The aim of the study was to assess the levels of myokine irisin and adipocytokines in newborns small for gestational age at birth and to analyze the relationship between the parameters of the hormonal status of children and their mothers.49 newborns and their mothers were examined. Two groups were identified: group 1 (Gr1) – newborns small for gestational age (n = 24), group 2 (Gr2) – newborns appropriate for gestational age (n = 25). The levels of irisin and adipocytokines in the blood serum were determined by the enzyme immunoassay.Newborns small for gestational age had significantly lower levels of leptin and IGF-1 in the umbilical cord blood compared to children with physical development corresponding to the gestational age. There were no significant differences in the irisin content of cord blood serum in newborn Gr1 compared with Gr2. The presence of significant positive correlations between the level of irisin in the umbilical cord blood of newborns small for gestational age and the body weight at birth was established. In Gr1, a positive relationship was found between the irisin levels of mothers and newborns (r = 0.518, p = 0.028). The differences in the irisin content between the groups were established, taking into account the delivery mode (p = 0.0104).The revealed statistically significant differences in the concentrations of the analyzed metabolic markers in mother–child pairs, their relationship with clinical and anthropometric parameters substantiate the possibility of using irisin and adipocytokines as predictors in predicting the formation of metabolic disorders of infants small for gestational age.

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