scholarly journals Association between forearm cortical bone properties and handgrip strength in women with distal radius fractures: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243294
Author(s):  
Seok Woo Hong ◽  
Jeong-Hyun Kang ◽  
Jong Seop Kim ◽  
Hyun Sik Gong
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Cortical Bone Density ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

Objectives Mechanical and biochemical bone properties are influenced by muscles. However, the muscle-bone interaction has not been fully elucidated regarding the upper extremities. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the mechanical muscle-bone interaction at the forearm by evaluating the relationship between the properties of three-dimensional (3D) forearm cortical bone models derived from conventional computed tomography (CT) images and handgrip strength (HGS). Methods A total of 108 women (mean age, 75.2 ± 9.4 years; range, 62–101 years) with a distal radius fracture who took conventional CT scans for the assessment of the fracture were included in this study. Distal radius 3D models were reconstructed and the average cortical bone density (Cd) and thickness (Ct) of the region of interest (ROI), which might be affected by the forearm flexor muscles, were calculated using a 3D modeling software. Clinical parameters including HGS, lumbar and hip bone mineral densities (BMDs), and other demographic factors were also obtained. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify relevant factors associated with HGS. Results HGS was found to be independently associated with height and Cd, but no significant difference was found between HGS and Ct, age, weight, as well as lumber and hip BMDs. Conclusions Cortical bone density might be associated with HGS, which is generated by the forearm flexor muscles. Hence, the mechanical muscle-bone interaction in the upper extremities could be supported by the present study.

scholarly journals Cortical bone density by quantitative computed tomography mirrors disorders of bone structure in bone biopsy of non-dialysis CKD patients

Bone Reports ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 101166
Author(s):  
Amandha L. Bittencourt ◽  
Maria Eugênia F. Canziani ◽  
Larissa D.B.R. Costa ◽  
Carlos E. Rochitte ◽  
Aluizio B. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Bone Density

scholarly journals Bilateral Variation of Forearm Flexor Muscles - A Case Report and Clinical Significance

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-043
Author(s):  
D. Malar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Profundus ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Forearm Flexor

AbstractDuring routine dissection, bilateral multiple variations of forearm flexor muscles were observed in a male cadaver. The variations were a) an additional belly arising from the coronoid process of ulna, distal to the origin of ulnar head of flexor digitorum superficialis, passing deep to flexor digitorum superficialis and joining the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to the middle finger; b) an additional belly arising from the distal part of flexor carpi ulnaris and passing superficial to ulnar nerve and ulnar vessels in the Guyon's canal and c) the origin of second lumbricals from the profundus tendon in the carpal tunnel. An aberrant muscle may stimulate a ganglion or a soft tissue tumor or if in close proximity to a nerve, it may cause pressure neuritis. Identification of these variations is important in defining the anatomical features for clinical diagnosis and surgical procedures.

2. Osteoid and fracture of the proximal femur: extended osteoid seams of normal thickness predict reduced forearm cortical bone density

Bone ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-252
Author(s):  
P Lips ◽  
R Hesp ◽  
JR Green ◽  
R Wootton ◽  
L Klenerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Cortical Bone Density ◽  
Normal Thickness

Extracting and Classifying Spatial Muscle Activation Patterns in Forearm Flexor Muscles Using High-Density Electromyogram Recordings

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyun Dai ◽  
Xiaogang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

The human hand is capable of producing versatile yet precise movements largely owing to the complex neuromuscular systems that control our finger movement. This study seeks to quantify the spatial activation patterns of the forearm flexor muscles during individualized finger flexions. High-density (HD) surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals of forearm flexor muscles were obtained, and individual motor units were decomposed from the sEMG. Both macro-level spatial patterns of EMG activity and micro-level motor unit distributions were used to systematically characterize the forearm flexor activation patterns. Different features capturing the spatial patterns were extracted, and the unique patterns of forearm flexor activation were then quantified using pattern recognition approaches. We found that the forearm flexor spatial activation during the ring finger flexion was mostly distinct from other fingers, whereas the activation patterns of the middle finger were least distinguishable. However, all the different activation patterns can still be classified in high accuracy (94–100%) using pattern recognition. Our findings indicate that the partial overlapping of neural activation can limit accurate identification of specific finger movement based on limited recordings and sEMG features, and that HD sEMG recordings capturing detailed spatial activation patterns at both macro- and micro-levels are needed.

scholarly journals Effects of Intrabony Length and Cortical Bone Density on the Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrews

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5615
Author(s):  
Jie Jin ◽  
Gi-Tae Kim ◽  
Jae-Sung Kwon ◽  
Sung-Hwan Choi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Horizontal Resistance ◽  
Cortical Bone Density ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Implantation Depth ◽  
Maximum Removal

Miniscrews have gained recent popularity as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic treatments, where failure due to sinus perforations or damage to the neighboring roots have increased. Issues regarding miniscrews in insufficient interradicular space must also be resolved. This study aimed to evaluate the primary stability of miniscrews shorter than 6 mm and their feasibility in artificial bone with densities of 30, 40, and 50 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). The primary stability was evaluated by adjusting the intrabony miniscrew length, based on several physical properties: maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), removal angular momentum (RAM), horizontal resistance, and micromotion. The MIT and micromotion results demonstrated that the intrabony length of a miniscrew significantly affected its stability in low-density cortical bone, unlike cases with a higher cortical bone density (p < 0.05). The horizontal resistance, MRT, and RAM were affected by the intrabony length, regardless of the bone density (p < 0.05). Thus, the primary stability of miniscrews was affected by both the cortical bone density and intrabony length. The effect of the intrabony length was more significant in low-density cortical bone, where the implantation depth increased as more energy was required to remove the miniscrew. This facilitated higher resistance and a lower risk of falling out.

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